Evaluation of multiple satellite rainfall products over the rugged topography of the Tekeze-Atbara basin in Ethiopia

References

• Asadullah, A., N. McIntyre, and M. Kigobe. 2008. “Evaluation of Five Satellite Products for Estimation of Rainfall Over Uganda.” Hydrological Science Journal 53: 1137–1150. doi:10.1623/hysj.53.6.1137.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ashouri, H. S., H. D. Sorooshian, K. Braithwaite, D. Knapp, B. Cecil, and C. Prat. 2015. “PERSIANN-CDR: Daily Precipitation Climate Data Record from Multisatellite Observations for Hydrological and Climate Studies.” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 96: 69–83. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00068.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bayissa, Y., T. Tadesse, G. Demisse, and A. Shiferaw. 2017. “Evaluation of Satellite-Based Rainfall Estimates and Application to Monitor Meteorological Drought for the Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia.” Remote Sensing 9: 669. doi:10.3390/rs9070669.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Behrangi, A., K. Behnaz, C. Tsou, A. Amir, K. S. Soroosh, and N. Bacchetta. 2015. “Hydrologic Evaluation of Satellite Precipitation Products over a Mid-Size Basin.” Journal of Hydrology 397: 225–237. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.11.043.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belete, K. 2007. “Sedimentation and Sediment Handling at Dams in Tekeze River Basin, Ethiopia.” PhD thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
   Google Scholar
• Bharti, V., and C. Singh. 2015. “Evaluation of Error in TRMM 3B42V7 Precipitation Estimates over the Himalayan Region.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 120: 12458–12473.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chai, T., and R. R. Draxler. 2014. “Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) or Mean Absolute Error (MAE)? – Arguments against Avoiding RMSE in the literature.” Geoscientific Model Development 7: 1247–1250. doi:10.5194/gmd-7-1247-2014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Degefu, M. A., D. P. Rowell, and W. Bewket. 2017. “Teleconnections between Ethiopian Rainfall Variability and Global SSTs: Observations and Methods for Model Evaluation.” Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics 129: 173–186. doi:10.1007/s00703-016-0466-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dembélé, M., and S. J. Zwart. 2016. “Evaluation and Comparison of Satellite-Based Rainfall Products in Burkina Faso, West Africa.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 37: 3995–4014. doi:10.1080/01431161.2016.1207258.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Derin, Y., and K. K. Yilmaz. 2014. “Evaluation of Multiple Satellite-Based Precipitation Products over Complex Topography.” Journal of Hydrometeorology 15: 1498–1516. doi:10.1175/JHM-D-13-0191.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dinku, T., P. Ceccato, E. Grover‐Kopec, M. Lemma, S. Connor, and C. Ropelewski. 2007. “Validation of Satellite Rainfall Products over East Africa’s Complex Topography.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 28: 1503–1526. doi:10.1080/01431160600954688.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feidas, H. 2010. “Validation of Satellite Rainfall Products over Greece.” Theoretical and Applied Climatology 99: 193–216. doi:10.1007/s00704-009-0135-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Funk, C. C., P. J. Peterson, M. F. Landsfeld, D. H. Pedreros, P. Verdin, J. D. J. Rowland, and A. P. Verdin. 2014. “A Quasi-Global Precipitation Time Series for Drought Monitoring.” US Geological Survey Data Series 832: 4. https://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ds832.
   Google Scholar
• Gebremicael, T. G., Y. A. Mohamed, P. Zaag, and E. Y. Hagos. 2017. “Temporal and Spatial Changes of Rainfall and Streamflow in the Upper Tekezē–Atbara River Basin, Ethiopia.” Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21: 2127–2142. doi:10.5194/hess-21-2127-2017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gebremichael, M., M. M. Bitew, F. A. Hirpa, and G. N. Tesfay. 2014. “Accuracy of Satellite Rainfall Estimates in the Blue Nile Basin: Lowland Plain versus Highland Mountain.” Water Resources Research 50: 8775–8790. doi:10.1002/2013WR014500.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goovaerts, P. 2000. “Geostatistical Approaches for Incorporating Elevation into the Spatial Interpolation of Rainfall.” Journal of Hydrology 228: 113–129. doi:10.1016/S0022-1694(00)00144-X.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo, R., and Y. Liu. 2016. “Evaluation of Satellite Precipitation Products with Rain Gauge Data at Different Scales: Implications for Hydrological Applications.” Water 8: 28. 2016. doi:10.3390/w8070281.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haile, A., E. Habib, and T. Rientjes. 2013. “Evaluation of the Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Morphing Technique (CMORPH) Rainfall Product on Hourly Timescales over the Source of the Blue Nile River.” Hydrological Processes 27: 1829–1839. doi:10.1002/hyp.v27.12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haile, A. T., T. Rientjes, A. Gieske, and M. Gebremichael. 2010. “Multispectral Remote Sensing for Rainfall Detection and Estimation at the Source of the Blue Nile River.” International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 12: S76–S82. doi:10.1016/j.jag.2009.09.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, Z., L. Yang, F. Fuqiang, N Guangheng, H Aizhong, and L Hui. 2017. “Intercomparisons of Rainfall Estimates from TRMM and GPM Multisatellite Products over the Upper Mekong River Basin.” Journal of Hydrometeorology 18: 413–430. doi:10.1175/JHM-D-16-0198.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herman, A. P., K. P. Arkin, and V. Kousky. 1997. “Objectively Determined 10-Day African Rainfall Estimates Created for Famine Early Warning Systems.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 18: 2147–2159. doi:10.1080/014311697217800.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hessels, T. M. 2015. Comparison and Validation of Several Open Access Remotely Sensed Rainfall Products for the Nile Basin. Delft, The Netherlands: Delft University of Technology.
   Google Scholar
• Hsu, K. X., G. S. Sorooshian, and H. Gupta. 1997. “Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information Using Artificial Neural Networks.” Journal of Applied Meteorology 36: 1176–1190. doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1997)036<1176:PEFRSI>2.0.CO;2.
   Google Scholar
• Hu, Q., D. Yang, Z. Li, A. Mishra, Y. Wang, and H. Yang. 2014. “Multi-Scale Evaluation of Six High-Resolution Satellite Monthly Rainfall Estimates over a Humid Region in China with Dense Rain Gauges.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 35: 1272–1294. doi:10.1080/01431161.2013.876118.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huber, U. M., H. K. Bugmann, and M. A. Reasoner. 2006. Global Change and Mountain Regions: An Overview of Current Knowledge. Doderecht, Netherlands: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Huffman, G. D., B. E. Nelkin, D. Wolff, R. Adler, G. Gu, and E. Stocker. 2007. “The TRMM Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA): Quasi-Global, Multiyear, Combined-Sensor Precipitation Estimates at Fine Scales.” Journal of Hydrometeorology 8: 38–55. doi:10.1175/JHM560.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huffman, G. F., A. B. Rudolf, U. Schneider, and P. Keehn. 1997. “The Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) Combined Precipitation Dataset.” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 78: 5–20. doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1997)078<0005:TGPCPG>2.0.CO;2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, S., L. Ren, Y. Hong, B. Yong, X. Yang, F. Yuan, and M. Ma. 2012. “Comprehensive Evaluation of Multi-Satellite Precipitation Products with a Dense Rain Gauge Network and Optimally Merging Their Simulated Hydrological Flows Using the Bayesian Model Averaging Method.” Journal of Hydrology 452: 213–225. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.05.055.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joyce, R. J., J. P. Arkin, and P. Xie. 2004. “CMORPH: A Method that Produces Global Precipitation Estimates from Passive Microwave and Infrared Data at High Spatial and Temporal Resolution.” Journal of Hydrometeorology 5: 487–503. doi:10.1175/1525-7541(2004)005<0487:CAMTPG>2.0.CO;2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katsanos, D., A. Retalis, and S. Michaelides. 2015. “Validation of a High-Resolution Precipitation Database (CHIRPS) over Cyprus for a 30-Year Period.” Atmospheric Research 169: 459–464. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.05.015.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kimani, M., C. B. Hoedjes, and S. Zhongbo. 2017. “An Assessment of Satellite-Derived Rainfall Products Relative to Ground Observations over East Africa.” Remote Sensing 9: 430. doi:10.3390/rs9050430.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiros, G., A. Shetty, and L. Nandagiri. 2016. “Analysis of Variability and Trends in Rainfall over Northern Ethiopia.” Arabian Journal of Geosciences 9: 451. doi:10.1007/s12517-016-2471-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knapp, K., S. Ansari, C. Bain, M. Bourassa, M. Dickinson, C. Funk, and G. Huffman. 2011. “Globally Gridded Satellite Observations for Climate Studies.” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 92: 893–907. doi:10.1175/2011BAMS3039.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meng, J., L. Li, Z. Hao, J. Wang, and Q. Shao. 2014. “Suitability of TRMM Satellite Rainfall in Driving a Distributed Hydrological Model in the Source Region of Yellow River.” Journal of Hydrology 509: 320–332. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.11.049.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohamed, Y. A., B. J. J. M. van den Hurk, H. H. G. Savenije, and W. G. M. Bastiaanssen. 2005. “Hydro-Climatology of the Nile: Results from a Regional Climate Model.” Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 9: 263–278. doi:10.5194/hess-9-263-2005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreno, J. F., C. M. Mannaerts, and V. Jetten. 2014. “Influence of Topography on Rainfall Variability in Santiago Island, Cape Verde.” International Journal of Climatology 34: 1081–1097. doi:10.1002/joc.2014.34.issue-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyssen, J., H. Vandenreyken, J. Poesen, J. Moeyersons, J. Deckers, M. Haile, G Salles, and G. Govers. 2005. “Rainfall Erosivity and Variability in the Northern Ethiopian Highlands.” Journal of Hydrology 311: 172–187. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.12.016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ouma, Y. O., T. Owiti, E. Kipkorir, J. Kibiiy, and R. Tateishi. 2012. “Multitemporal Comparative Analysis of TRMM-3B42 Satellite-Estimated Rainfall with Surface Gauge Data at Basin Scales: Daily, Decadal and Monthly Evaluations.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 33: 7662–7684. doi:10.1080/01431161.2012.701347.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sapiano, M. R. P., and P. A. Arki. 2009. “An Intercomparison and Validation of High-Resolution Satellite Precipitation Estimates with 3-Hourly Gauge Data.” Journal of Hydrometeorology 10: 149–166. doi:10.1175/2008JHM1052.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seleshi, Y., and U. Zanke. 2004. “Recent Changes in Rainfall and Rainy Days in Ethiopia.” International Journal of Climatology 24: 973–983. doi:10.1002/(ISSN)1097-0088.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shukla, S. A., M. G. Husak, and C. Funk. 2014. “A Seasonal Agricultural Drought Forecast System for Food-Insecure Regions of East Africa.” Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 18: 3907–3921. doi:10.5194/hess-18-3907-2014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sunilkumar, K., R. T. Narayana, K. Saikranthi, and R. M. Purnachandra. 2015. “Comprehensive Evaluation of Multisatellite Precipitation Estimates over India Using Gridded Rainfall Data.” Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmosphere 120: 8987–9005. doi:10.1002/2015JD023437.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taye, M. T., and P. Willems. 2013. “Identifying Sources Of Temporal Variability In Hydrological Extremes Of The Upper Blue Nile Basin.” Journal of Hydrology 499: 61–70. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.06.053.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thiemig, V., R. Rojas, M. Zambrano-Bigiarini, V. Levizzani, and A. De Roo. 2012. “Validation of Satellite-Based Precipitation Products over Sparsely Gauged African River Basins.” Journal of Hydrometeorology 13: 1760–1783. doi:10.1175/JHM-D-12-032.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toté, C., D. Patricio, H. Boogaard, R. Van der Wijngaart, E. Tarnavsky, and C. Funk. 2015. “Evaluation of Satellite Rainfall Estimates for Drought and Flood Monitoring in Mozambique.” Remote Sensing 7: 1758. doi:10.3390/rs70201758.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van der Ent, R. J., H. H. Savenije, B. Schaefli, and S. C. Steele‐Dunne. 2010. “Origin and Fate of Atmospheric Moisture over Continents.” Water Resources Research 46: W09525. doi:10.1029/2010WR009127.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viste, E., and A. Sorteberg. 2013. “Moisture Transport into the Ethiopian Highlands.” International Journal of Climatology 33: 249–263. doi:10.1002/joc.v33.1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, W., L. Hui, Z. Tianjie, J. Lingmei, and S. Jianchen. 2017. “Evaluation and Comparison of Newest GPM and TRMM Products over Mekong River Basin at Daily Scale.” Geoscience and remote sensing symposium (IGARSS), 2016 IEEE International. IEEE 10: 2540–2549.
   Google Scholar
• WMO. 1994. World Meteorological Organization Guide to Hydrological Practices: Data Acquisition and Processing, Analysis, Forecasting and Other Applications. Geneva: Switzerland.
   Google Scholar
• Worqlul, A., B. Maathuis, A. A. Adem, S. S. Demissie, S. Langan, and T. S. Steenhuis. 2014. “Comparison of Rainfall Estimations by TRMM 3B42, MPEG and CFSR with Ground-Observed Data for the Lake Tana Basin in Ethiopia.” Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 18: 4871–4881. doi:10.5194/hess-18-4871-2014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie, P., and A. Arkin. 1995. “An Intercomparison of Gauge Observations and Satellite Estimates of Monthly Precipitation.” Journal of Applied Meteorology 34: 1143–1160. doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1995)034<1143:AIOGOA>2.0.CO;2.
   Google Scholar
• Xie, P., and P. Arkin. 1997. “Global Precipitation: A 17-Year Monthly Analysis Based on Gauge Observations, Satellite Estimates, and Numerical Model Outputs.” Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 78: 2539–2558. doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1997)078<2539:GPAYMA>2.0.CO;2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, R., T. Fuqiang, L. Yang, H. Hu, H. Lu, and A. Hou. 2017. “Ground Validation of GPM IMERG and TRMM 3B42V7 Rainfall Products over Southern Tibetan Plateau Based on a High-Density Rain Gauge Network.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 122: 910–924.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue, X., Y. Hong, A. S. Limaye, J. J. Gourley, G. J. Huffman, S. I. Khan, and S. Chen. 2013. “Statistical and Hydrological Evaluation of TRMM-Based Multi-Satellite Precipitation Analysis over the Wangchu Basin of Bhutan: Are the Latest Satellite Precipitation Products 3B42V7 Ready for Use in Ungauged Basins?” Journal of Hydrology 499: 91–99. doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.06.042.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar