Topography-correlated atmospheric signal mitigation for InSAR applications in the Tibetan plateau based on global atmospheric models

References

• Albergel, C., E. Dutra, S. Munier, J. C. Calvet, J. Munoz-Sabater, P. De Rosnay, and G. Balsamo. 2018. “ERA-5 and ERA-Interim Driven ISBA Land Surface Model Simulations: Which One Performs Better?” Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22 (6): 3515–3532. doi:10.5194/hess-22-3515-2018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baby, H. B., P. Gold, and J. Lavergnat. 1988. “A Model for the Tropospheric Excess Path Length of Radio Waves from Surface Meteorological Measurements.” Radio Science 23 (6): 1023–1038. doi:10.1029/RS023i006p01023.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bähr, H., and R. F. Hanssen. 2012. “Reliable Estimation of Orbit Errors in Spaceborne SAR Interferometry: The Network Approach.” Journal of Geodesy 86 (12): 1147–1164. doi:10.1007/s00190-012-0571-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bekaert, D. P. S., A. Hooper, and T. J. Wright. 2015a. “A Spatially Variable Power Law Tropospheric Correction Technique for InSAR Data.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 120: 1345–1356. doi:10.1002/2014JB011558.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bekaert, D. P. S., R. J. Walters, T. J. Wright, A. J. Hooper, and D. J. Parker. 2015b. “Statistical Comparison of InSAR Tropospheric Correction Techniques.” Remote Sensing of Environment 170: 40–47. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2015.08.035.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berardino, P., G. Fornaro, R. Lanari, and E. Sansosti. 2002. “A New Algorithm for Surface Deformation Monitoring Based on Small Baseline Differential SAR Interferograms.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 40 (11): 2375–2383. doi:10.1109/igarss.2002.1025900.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavalié, O., M. P. Doin, C. Lasserre, and P. Briole. 2007. “Ground Motion Measurement in the Lake Mead Area, Nevada, by Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry Time Series Analysis: Probing the Lithosphere Rheological Structure.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 112 (3): 1–18. doi:10.1029/2006JB004344.
   Google Scholar
• Chang, L., R. P. B. J. Dollevoet, and R. F. Hanssen. 2016. “Nationwide Railway Monitoring Using Satellite SAR Interferometry.” IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 10 (2): 596–604. doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2016.2584783.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darvishi, M., G. Cuozzo, L. Bruzzone, and F. Nilfouroushan. 2020. “Performance Evaluation of Phase and Weather-Based Models in Atmospheric Correction with Sentinel-1Data: Corvara Landslide in the Alps.” IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 13: 1332–1346. doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2020.2969726.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ding, X. L., Z. W. Li, J. J. Zhu, G. C. Feng, and J. P. Long. 2008. “Atmospheric Effects on InSAR Measurements and Their Mitigation.” Sensors 8 (9): 5426–5448. doi:10.3390/s8095426.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doin, M. P., C. Lasserre, G. Peltzer, O. Cavalié, and C. Doubre. 2009. “Corrections of Stratified Tropospheric Delays in SAR Interferometry: Validation with Global Atmospheric Models.” Journal of Applied Geophysics 69 (1): 35–50. doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2009.03.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dziewonski, A. M., T. A. Chou, and J. H. Woodhouse. 1981. “Determination of Earthquake Source Parameters from Waveform Data for Studies of Global and Regional Seismicity.” Journal of Geophysical Research 86 (B4): 2825–2852. doi:10.1029/JB086iB04p02825.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekström, G., M. Nettles, and A. M. Dziewoński. 2012. “The Global CMT Project 2004-2010: Centroid-moment Tensors for 13,017 Earthquakes.” Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 200–201: 1–9. doi:10.1016/j.pepi.2012.04.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elliot, J. R., J. Biggs, B. Parsons, and T. J. Wright. 2008. “InSAR Slip Rate Determination on the Altyn Tagh Fault, Northern Tibet, in the Presence of Topographically Correlated Atmospheric Delays.” Geophysical Research Letters 35 (12): 1–5. doi:10.1029/2008GL033659.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farr, T. G., P. A. Rosen, E. Caro, R. Crippen, R. Duren, S. Hensley, M. Kobrick, et al. 2007. “The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission.” Reviews of Geophysics 45 (RG2004): 1–33. doi:10.1029/2005RG000183.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng, W., Z. Li, J. R. Elliott, Y. Fukushima, T. Hoey, A. Singleton, R. Cook, and Z. Xu. 2013. “The 2011 Mw 6.8 Burma Earthquake: Fault Constraints Provided by Multiple SAR Techniques.” Geophysical Journal International 195 (1): 650–660. doi:10.1093/gji/ggt254.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferretti, A., C. Prati, F. Rocca, and I. Politecnico. 2001. “Permanent Scatterers in SAR Interferometry.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 39 (1): 8–20. doi:10.1109/36.898661.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldstein, R. 1995. “Atmospheric Limitations to Repeat-track Radar Interferometry Been Unduly Disturbed during the Time Between.” Geophysical Research Letters 22 (18): 2517–2520. doi:10.1029/95GL02475.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray, A. L., K. E. Mattar, and G. Sofko. 2000. “Influence of Ionospheric Electron Density Fluctuations on Satellite Radar Interferometry.” Geophysical Research Letters 27 (10): 1451–1454. doi:10.1029/2000GL000016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanssen, R. F. 2001. “Radar Interferometry: Data Interpretation And Error Analysis.” PhD thesis. Delft: Delft University of Technology.
   Google Scholar
• Hersbach, H., B. Bell, P. Berrisford, S. Hirahara, A. Horányi, J. Muñoz-Sabater, J. Nicolas, et al. 2020. “The ERA5 Global Reanalysis.” Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 146: 1999–2049. doi:10.1002/qj.3803.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hooper, A., P. Segall, and H. Zebker. 2007. “Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar for Crustal Deformation Analysis, with Application to Volcán Alcedo, Galápagos.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 112 (7): 1–21. doi:10.1029/2006JB004763.
   Google Scholar
• Hu, Z., and J. J. Mallorquí. 2019. “An Accurate Method to Correct Atmospheric Phase Delay for InSAR with the ERA5 Global Atmospheric Model.” Remote Sensing 11 (17): 1969. doi:10.3390/rs11171969.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jolivet, R., P. S. Agram, N. Y. Lin, M. Simons, M. Doin, G. Peltzer, and Z. Li. 2014. “Improving InSAR Geodesy Using Global Atmospheric Models.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 119 (3): 2324–2341. doi:10.1002/2013JB010588.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jolivet, R., R. Grandin, C. Lasserre, M. P. Doin, and G. Peltzer. 2011. “Systematic InSAR Tropospheric Phase Delay Corrections from Global Meteorological Reanalysis Data.” Geophysical Research Letters 38 (17). doi:10.1029/2011GL048757.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J., B. Zhang, Y. Yao, L. Liu, Z. Sun, and X. Yan. 2020. “A Refined Regional Model for Estimating Pressure, Temperature, and Water Vapor Pressure for Geodetic Applications in China.” Remote Sensing 12 (11): 1–20. doi:10.3390/rs12111713.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Z., Y. Cao, J. Wei, M. Duan, L. Wu, J. Hou, and J. Zhu. 2019. “Time-series InSAR Ground Deformation Monitoring: Atmospheric Delay Modeling and Estimating.” Earth-Science Reviews 192: 258–284. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.03.008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Z., E. J. Fielding, P. Cross, and J. P. Muller. 2006. “Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Atmospheric Correction: GPS Topography-dependent Turbulence Model.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 111 (2): 1–12. doi:10.1029/2005JB003711.
   Google Scholar
• Liang, C., P. Agram, M. Simons, and E. J. Fielding. 2019. “Ionospheric Correction of InSAR Time Series Analysis of C-band Sentinel-1 TOPS Data.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 57 (9): 6755–6773. doi:10.1109/TGRS.2019.2908494.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer, F., R. Bamler, N. Jakowski, and T. Fritz. 2006. “The Potential of Low-frequency SAR Systems for Mapping Ionospheric TEC Distributions.” IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters 3 (4): 560–564. doi:10.1109/LGRS.2006.882148.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saastamoinen, J. 1972. “Atmospheric Correction for the Troposphere and Stratosphere in Radio Ranging Satellites.” In The Use of Artificial Satellites for Geodesy, 247–251. doi:10.1029/GM015p0247.
   Google Scholar
• Samsonov, S. V., and N. d’Oreye. 2017. “Multidimensional Small Baseline Subset (MSBAS) for Two-Dimensional Deformation Analysis: Case Study Mexico City.” Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 43 (4): 318–329. doi:10.1080/07038992.2017.1344926.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samsonov, S. V., A. P. Trishchenko, K. Tiampo, P. J. González, Y. Zhang, and J. Fernández. 2014. “Removal of Systematic Seasonal Atmospheric Signal from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Ground Deformation Time Series.” Geophysical Research Letters 41 (17): 6123–6130. doi:10.1002/2014GL061307.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandwell, D., R. Mellors, X. Tong, X. Xu, M. Wei, and P. Wessel. 2016. “GMTSAR: An InSAR Processing System Based on Generic Mapping Tools (Second Edition).”
   Google Scholar
• Sandwell, D. T., and E. J. Price. 1998. “Phase Gradient Approach to Stacking Interferograms.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 103 (B12): 30183–30204. doi:10.1029/1998jb900008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sheridan, S. C., C. C. Lee, and E. T. Smith. 2020. “A Comparison between Station Observations and Reanalysis Data in the Identification of Extreme Temperature Events.” Geophysical Research Letters 47 (15): 1–10. doi:10.1029/2020gl088120.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith, E. K., and S. Weintraub. 1953. “The Constants in the Equation for Atmospheric Refractive Index at Radio Frequencies.” Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards 50 (1): 39. doi:10.6028/jres.050.006.
   Google Scholar
• Tymofyeyeva, E., and Y. Fialko. 2015. “Mitigation of Atmospheric Phase Delays in InSAR Data, with Application to the Eastern California Shear Zone.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 120 (8): 5952–5963. doi:10.1002/2015JB011886.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, K., and R. Bürgmann. 2020. “Co- and Early Postseismic Deformation Due to the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence Constrained by Sentinel-1 and COSMO-SkyMed SAR Data.” Seismological Research Letters 91 (2A): 1–12. doi:10.1785/0220190299.
   Google Scholar
• Wessel, P., W. H. F. Smith, R. Scharroo, J. Luis, and F. Wobbe. 2013. “Generic Mapping Tools: Improved Version Released.” Eos,Transactions American Geophysical Union 94 (45): 409–410. doi:10.1002/2013EO450001.
   Google Scholar
• Wright, T., B. Parsons, and E. Fielding. 2001. “Measurement of Interseismic Striain Accumulation across the North Anatolian Interferometry Fault by Satellite Radar Interferometry.” Geophysical Research Letters 28 (10): 2117–2120. doi:10.1029/2000GL012850.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, C., Z. Li, and N. T. Penna. 2018a. “Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Atmospheric Correction Using a GPS-based Iterative Tropospheric Decomposition Model.” Remote Sensing of Environment 204: 109–121. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2017.10.038.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, C., Z. Li, N. T. Penna, and P. Crippa. 2018b. “Generic Atmospheric Correction Model for Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Observations.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 123 (10): 9202–9222. doi:10.1029/2017JB015305.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, C., N. T. Penna, and Z. Li. 2017. “Generation of Real-time Mode High-resolution Water Vapor Fields from GPS Observations.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 122 (3): 2008–2025. doi:10.1002/2016JD025753.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zebker, H. A., P. A. Rosen, and S. Hensley. 1997. “Atmospheric Effects in Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Surface Deformation and Topographic Maps.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 102 (B4): 7547–7563. doi:10.1029/96jb03804.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar