References
- Baraldi, A., and F. Parmiggiani. 1995. “An Investigation of the Textural Characteristics Associated with Gray Level Cooccurrence Matrix Statistical Parameters.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 33 (2): 293–304. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.1995.8746010.
- Barber, D., and L. Ellsworth. 1991. “SAR Sea Ice Discrimination Using Texture Statistics- A Multivariate Approach.” Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 57 (4): 385–395.
- Bengio, Y., A. Courville, and P. Vincent. 2013. “Representation Learning: A Review and New Perspectives.” IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 35 (8): 1798–1828. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2013.50.
- Boykov, Y., O. Veksler, and R. Zabih. 2001. “Fast Approximate Energy Minimization via Graph Cuts.” IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 23 (11): 1222–1239. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/34.969114.
- Brown, L. C., and C. R. Duguay. 2010. “The Response and Role of Ice Cover in Lake-climate Interactions.” Progress in Physical Geography 34 (5): 671–704. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0309133310375653.
- Burns, B. A., E. S. Kasischke, and D. R. Nuesch. 1983. “Extraction of Texture Information from SAR Data- Application to Ice and Geological Mapping.” In International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, Second Thematic Conference: Remote Sensing for Exploration Geology, Fort Worth, TX, 861–868.
- Clausi, D. A. 2001. “Comparison and Fusion of Co-occurrence, Gabor and MRF Texture Features for Classification of SAR Sea-ice Imagery.” Atmosphere-Ocean 39 (3): 183–194. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/07055900.2001.9649675.
- Deng, H., and D. A. Clausi. 2005. “Unsupervised Segmentation of Synthetic Aperture Radar Sea Ice Imagery Using a Novel Markov Random Field Model.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 43 (3): 528–538. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2004.839589.
- Duguay, C. R., T. D. Prowse, B. R. Bonsal, R. D. Brown, M. P. Lacroix, and M. Patrick. 2006. “Recent Trends in Canadian Lake Ice Cover.” Hydrological Processes 20 (4): 781–801. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6131.
- Geldsetzer, T., V. D. S. Joost, and B. Brisco. 2010. “Monitoring Lake Ice during Spring Melt Using RADARSAT-2 SAR.” Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing 36 (sup2): S391–S400. doi:https://doi.org/10.5589/m11-001.
- Greig, D. M., B. T. Porteous, and A. H. Seheult. 1989. “Exact Maximum a Posteriori Estimation for Binary Images.” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological) 51 (2): 271–279.
- Haralick, R. M., K. Shanmugam. 1973. “Textural Features for Image Classification.” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics SMC-3 (6): 610–621. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMC.1973.4309314.
- Haverkamp, D., L. K. Soh, and C. Tsatsoulis. 1993. “A Dynamic Local Thresholding Technique for Sea Ice Classification.” In Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 1993. IGARSS ’93. Better Understanding of Earth Environment., International, 638–640 vol.2. Tokyo, Japan.
- Hoekstra, M., M. Jiang, D. A. Clausi, and C. Duguay. 2020. “Lake Ice-Water Classification of RADARSAT-2 Images by Integrating IRGS Segmentation with Pixel-Based Random Forest Labeling.” Remote Sensing 12 (9): 1425. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12091425.
- Holbek-Hanssen, E., H. Tjelmeland, O. M. Johennessen, T. Olaussen, and R. Karpuz. 1989. “Speckle Reduction and Maximum Likelihood Classification of SAR Images from Sea Ice Recorded during MIZEX 87.” In Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 1989. IGARSS’89. 12th Canadian Symposium on Remote Sensing., 1989 International, Vol. 2, 755–758. Vancouver, BC, Canada: IEEE.
- Hu, W., Y. Huang, L. Wei, F. Zhang, and L. Hengchao. 2015. “Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Hyperspectral Image Classification.” Journal of Sensors 2015 Article ID258619. doi:https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/258619.
- Jin, K. H., T. M. Michael, E. Froustey, and M. Unser. 2017. “Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Inverse Problems in Imaging.” IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 26 (9): 4509–4522. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2017.2713099.
- Johnson, S. L., and H. G. Stefan. 2006. “Indicators of Climate Warming in Minnesota: Lake Ice Covers and Snowmelt Runoff.” Climatic Change 75 (4): 421–453. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-006-0356-0.
- Karvonen, J. A. 2004. “Baltic Sea Ice SAR Segmentation and Classification Using Modified Pulse-coupled Neural Networks.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 42 (7): 1566–1574. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2004.828179.
- Krizhevsky, A., I. Sutskever, and G. E. Hinton. 2012. “Imagenet Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks.” Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 25: 1097–1105.
- LeCun, Y., Y. Bengio, and G. Hinton. 2015. “Deep Learning.” nature 521 (7553): 436. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14539.
- Lehnherr, I., L. S. L. Vincent, M. Sharp, A. S. Gardner, J. P. Smol, S. L. Schiff, D. C. G. Muir, et al. 2018. “The World’s Largest High Arctic Lake Responds Rapidly to Climate Warming.” Nature Communications 9 (1): 1290. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03685-z.
- Leigh, S., Z. Wang, and D. A. Clausi. 2014. “Automated Ice–water Classification Using Dual Polarization SAR Satellite Imagery.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 52 (9): 5529–5539. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2013.2290231.
- Magnuson, J. J., D. M. Robertson, B. J. Benson, R. H. Wynne, D. M. Livingstone, T. Arai, R. A. Assel, et al. 2000. “Historical Trends in Lake and River Ice Cover in the Northern Hemisphere.” Science 289 (5485): 1743–1746. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.289.5485.1743.
- Malenovský, Z., H. Rott, J. Cihlar, M. E. Schaepman, G. García-Santos, R. Fernandes, and M. Berger. 2012. “Sentinels for Science: Potential of Sentinel-1, -2, and -3 Missions for Scientific Observations of Ocean, Cryosphere, and Land.” Remote Sensing of Environment 120 (10): 91–101. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2011.09.026.
- MANICE, CIS. 2005. “Manual of Standard Procedures for Observing and Reporting Ice Conditions.”
- Murfitt, J., and C. R. Duguay. 2020. “Assessing the Performance of Methods for Monitoring Ice Phenology of the World’s Largest High Arctic Lake Using High-Density Time Series Analysis of Sentinel-1 Data.” Remote Sensing 12 (3): 382. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12030382.
- Murphy, K. P., Y. Weiss, and M. I. Jordan. 1999. “Loopy Belief Propagation for Approximate Inference: An Empirical Study.” In Proceedings of the Fifteenth conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence, 467–475. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers .
- Ochilov, S., and D. A. Clausi. 2012. “Operational SAR Sea-ice Image Classification.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 50 (11): 4397–4408. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2012.2192278.
- Park, J.-W., A. A. Joong-Sun Won, M. B. Korosov, and N. Miranda. 2019. “Textural Noise Correction for Sentinel-1 TOPSAR Cross-Polarization Channel Images.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 57 (6): 4040–4049. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2018.2889381.
- Prowse, T. D., B. R. Bonsal, C. R. Duguay, and M. P. Lacroix. 2007. “River-ice Break-up/freeze-up: A Review of Climatic Drivers, Historical Trends and Future Predictions.” Annals of Glaciology 46: 443–451. doi:https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782871431.
- Samadani, R. 1995. “A Finite Mixtures Algorithm for Finding Proportions in SAR Images.” IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 4 (8): 1182–1186. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/83.403427.
- Schmidhuber, J. 2015. “Deep Learning in Neural Networks: An Overview.” Neural Networks 61: 85–117.
- Sharma, S., K. Blagrave, J. J. Magnuson, M. O. Catherine, S. Oliver, R. D. Batt, M. R. Magee, et al. 2019. “Widespread Loss of Lake Ice around the Northern Hemisphere in a Warming World.” Nature Climate Change 9 (3): 227. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0393-5.
- Shuchman, R. A., C. C. Wackerman, A. L. Maffett, R. G. Onstott, and L. L. Sutherland. 1989. “The Discrimination of Sea Ice Types Using SAR Backscatter Statistics.”.
- Šmejkalová, T., M. E. Edwards, and J. Dash. 2016. “Arctic Lakes Show Strong Decadal Trend in Earlier Spring Ice-out.” Scientific Reports 6 (1): 1–8. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/srep38449.
- Sobiech, J., and W. Dierking. 2013. “Observing Lake-and River-ice Decay with SAR: Advantages and Limitations of the Unsupervised K-means Classification Approach.” Annals of Glaciology 54 (62): 65–72. doi:https://doi.org/10.3189/2013AoG62A037.
- Soh, L.-K., and C. Tsatsoulis. 1999. “Texture Analysis of SAR Sea Ice Imagery Using Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrices.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 37 (2): 780–795. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/36.752194.
- Szeliski, R., R. Zabih, D. Scharstein, O. Veksler, V. Kolmogorov, A. Agarwala, M. Tappen, and C. Rother. 2008. “A Comparative Study of Energy Minimization Methods for Markov Random Fields with Smoothness-based Priors.” IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 30 (6): 1068–1080. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2007.70844.
- Torres, R., P. Snoeij, D. Geudtner, D. Bibby, M. Davidson, E. Attema, P. Potin, B. Rommen, N. Floury, and M. Brown. 2012. “GMES Sentinel-1 Mission.” Remote Sensing of Environment 120 (6): 9–24. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2011.05.028.
- Wang, J., C. Duguay, D. Clausi, V. Pinard, and S. Howell. 2018. “Semi-Automated Classification of Lake Ice Cover Using Dual Polarization RADARSAT-2 Imagery.” Remote Sensing 10 (11): 1727. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10111727.
- Woo, S., J. Park, J.-Y. Lee, and K. In So. 2018. “Cbam: Convolutional Block Attention Module.” In Proceedings of the European conference on computer vision (ECCV), 3–19. Munich Germany.
- Woolway, R. I., and C. J. Merchant. 2019. “Worldwide Alteration of Lake Mixing Regimes in Response to Climate Change.” Nature Geoscience 12 (4): 271. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0322-x.
- Wu, Y., C. R. Duguay, and X. Linlin. 2021. “Assessment of Machine Learning Classifiers for Global Lake Ice Cover Mapping from MODIS TOA Reflectance Data.” Remote Sensing of Environment 253: 112206. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.112206.
- Xu, L., D. A. Clausi, L. Fan, and A. Wong. 2016. “Weakly Supervised Classification of Remotely Sensed Imagery Using Label Constraint and Edge Penalty.” IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 55 (3): 1424–1436. doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2016.2623942.
- Xu, L., L. Jonathan, and A. Brenning. 2014. “A Comparative Study of Different Classification Techniques for Marine Oil Spill Identification Using RADARSAT-1 Imagery.” Remote Sensing of Environment 141: 14–23. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2013.10.012.
- Xu, L., L. Jonathan, A. Wong, and C. Wang. 2014. “A KPCA Texture Feature Model for Efficient Segmentation of RADARSAT-2 SAR Sea Ice Imagery.” International Journal of Remote Sensing 35 (13): 5053–5072. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2014.933279.
- Yang, X., T. M. Pavelsky, and G. H. Allen. 2020. “The past and Future of Global River Ice.” Nature 577 (7788): 69–73. doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1848-1.
- Zhang, S., and T. M. Pavelsky. 2019. “Remote Sensing of Lake Ice Phenology across a Range of Lakes Sizes, ME, USA.” Remote Sensing 11 (14): 1718. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11141718.