Learning Irish amid controversy: how the Irish Language Act debate has impacted learners of Irish in Belfast

References

• Agar, Michael. 1995. Language Shock: Understanding the Culture of Conversation. New York: William Morrow.
   Google Scholar
• Conradh na Gaeilge. 2016. Céard é an Scéal? Public Opinions on the Irish Language. Accessed 12/03/2019. https://cnag.ie/en/news/761-céard-é-an-scéal-independent-research-commissioned-by-conradh-na-gaeilge-tells-positive-story-of-majority-supporting-irish-language.html.
   Google Scholar
• Conradh na Gaeilge. 2017. Irish Language Act: Discussion Document, Version 1.0. Accessed 12/03/2019. https://cnag.ie/en/get-involved/current-campaigns/irish-language-act.html.
   Google Scholar
• Conradh na Gaeilge. 2018. Céard é an Scéal? Public Opinions on the Irish Language. Accessed 12/03/2019. https://drive.google.com/file/d/17n3PcumgcWzvJFkk0ZjyzONI_RKZpCZQ/view.
   Google Scholar
• Coogan, Tim Pat. 1996. The Troubles: Ireland’s Ordeal 1966–1995 and the Search for Peace. Boulder, CO: Roberts Rhinehart.
   Google Scholar
• Coulter, Colin, and Michael Murray. 2008. “Introduction.” In Northern Ireland after The Troubles: A Society in Transition, edited by Colin Coulter, and Michael Murray, 1–26. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Council of Europe (COE). 1992. European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. Accessed 12/03/2019. https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-list/-/conventions/rms/0900001680695175.
   Google Scholar
• Crowley, Tony. 2016. “Language, Politics and Identity in Ireland: A Historical Overview.” In Sociolinguistics in Ireland, edited by Ray Hickey, 198–217. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Da Costa Cabral, Idegrada. 2018. “From Dili to Dungannon: An Ethnographic Study of Two Multilingual Migrant Families from Timor-Leste.” International Journal of Multilingualism 15 (3): 276–290.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darby, John. 1976. Conflict in Northern Ireland: The Development of a Polarised Community. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Department of Culture, Arts and Leisure (DCAL). 2015. Proposals for an Irish Language Bill (February 2015). Accessed 12/03/2019. https://www.communities-ni.gov.uk/consultations/proposals-irish-language-bill.
   Google Scholar
• The Detail. 27 January 2017. Files link Arlene Foster to Irish language row and show DUP failed to equality test Líofa cut. Accessed 29/09/2020. https://www.thedetail.tv/articles/files-link-arlene-foster-to-irish-language-row-and-show-dup-failed-to-equality-test-liofa-cut.
   Google Scholar
• Duff, Patricia. 2008. “Language Socialization, Participation and Identity: Ethnographic Approaches.” In Encyclopedia of Language and Education. Vol.3: Discourse and Education, edited by M. Martin-Jones, A.-M. de Mejia, and Nancy Hornberger, 107–119. New York: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• English, Richard. 2006. Irish Freedom: The History of Nationalism in Ireland. London: Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Ervine, Linda. 2019. “Linda Ervine: A Language of Healing.” In How Languages Changed my Life, edited by H. Martin, and W. Ayres-Bennett, 155–159. Archway Publishing: Bloomington.
   Google Scholar
• Flynn, Colin J., and John Harris. 2016. “Motivational Diversity among Adult Minority Language Learners: Are Current Theoretical Constructs Adequate?” Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 37 (4): 371–384.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardner, Robert C., and Wallace E. Lambert. 1972. Attitudes and Motivation in Second-Language Learning. Rowley, MA: Newbury House.
   Google Scholar
• Goffman, E. 1974. Frame Analysis: An Essay on the Organization of Experience. Middlesex: Penguin Books.
   Google Scholar
• Hennessey, Thomas. 1997. A History of Northern Ireland, 1920–1996. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• The Irish Times. 2017. Full Text of Martin McGuinness’s Resignation Letter. Accessed 29/09/2020. https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/full-text-of-martin-mcguinness-s-resignation-letter-1.2930429.
   Google Scholar
• Mac an Bhreithiún, Bharain, and Anne Burke. 2014. “Language, Typography and Place-Making: Walking the Irish and Ulster-Scots Linguistic Landscape.” The Canadian Journal of Irish Studies 38 (1/2): 84–125.
   Google Scholar
• Mac Giolla Chríost, Diarmait. 2012. Jailtacht: The Irish Languages, Symbolic Power and Political Violence in Northern Ireland 1972–2008. Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mac Ionnrachtaigh, Feargal. 2013. Language, Resistance and Revival: Republican Prisoners and the Irish Language in the North of Ireland. London: Pluto Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mac Póilín, Aodhán. 1997. The Irish Language in Northern Ireland. Belfast: Ultach Trust.
   Google Scholar
• Maguire, Gabrielle. 1991. Our Own Language, An Irish Initiative. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
   Google Scholar
• Malcolm, Ian. 2009. Towards Inclusion: Protestants and the Irish Language. Belfast: Blackstaff Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mallie, Eamonn. 20 February 2018. Full ‘Draft Agreement Text. Accessed 8/10/2020. https://eamonnmallie.com/2018/02/full-draft-agreement-text/.
   Google Scholar
• McKitterick, David, and David McVea. 2012. Making Sense of the Troubles. Belfast: Viking.
   Google Scholar
• Mercator Education. 2004. Irish: The Irish Language in Education in Northern Ireland. 2nd ed. Accessed 8/10/2020. https://www.mercator-research.eu/fileadmin/mercator/documents/regional_dossiers/irish_in_northernireland_2nd.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell, David, and Megan Miller. 2019. “Reconciliation Through Language Learning? A Case Study of the Turas Irish Language Project in East Belfast.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 42 (2): 235–253. doi:10.1080/01419870.2017.1414278.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mulholland, Marc. 2002. Northern Ireland: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ní Chuilín, Carál. 21 February 2017. Sinn Féin Committed to Securing Irish Language Act. Accessed 29/09/2020. https://www.sinnfein.ie/contents/43585.
   Google Scholar
• Nig Uidhir, Gabrielle. 2006. “The Shaw’s Road Urban Gaeltacht: Role and Impact.” In Belfast and the Irish Language, edited by Fionntán de Brún, 136–146. Dublin: Four Courts Press.
   Google Scholar
• Northern Ireland Office. 2006. Northern Ireland (St Andrews Agreement) Act 2006. Accessed 12/03/2019. http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/53/contents.
   Google Scholar
• Northern Ireland Office. 2020. New Decade, New Approach. January 2020. Accessed 8/10/2020.https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/856998/2020-01-08_a_new_decade__a_new_approach.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA). 2011. Results of Census 2011. Accessed 19/11/2018. https://www.nisra.gov.uk/statistics/2011-census/results.
   Google Scholar
• Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency (NISRA). 2014. Northern Ireland Census 2011 Key Statistics Summary Report. Accessed 12/03/2019. http://www.nisra.gov.uk/archive/census/2011/results/key-statistics/summary-report.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Ó Baoill, Dónall. 2007. “Origins of Irish-Medium Education: The Dynamic Core of Language Revitalisation in Northern Ireland.” International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 10 (4): 410–427.
   Google Scholar
• Ó Mainnín, Mícheál. forthcoming. “Empowering Multilingualism? Provisions for Place-Names in Northern Ireland and the Political and Legislative Context.” In Multilingualism in the Public Space: Empowering and Transforming Communities, edited by Robert Blackwood, and Deirdre Dunlevy. London: Bloomsbury.
   Google Scholar
• Pobal. 2012. Acht na Gaeilge do TÉ. The Irish Language Act NI. Second Issue 2012. [First issue 2006]. Accessed 12/03/2019. http://pobal.org/uploads/images/Acht%20na%20Gaeilge%202012.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Pritchard, Rosalind M.O. 2004. “Protestants and the Irish Language: Historical Heritage and Current Attitudes in Northern Ireland.” Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 25 (1): 62–82. doi:10.1080/01434630408666520.
   Google Scholar
• Wells, Naomi, Charles Forsdick, Jessica Bradley, Charles Burdett, Jennifer Burns, Marion Demossier, Margaret Hills de Zárate, et al. 2019. “Ethnography and Modern Languages.” Modern Languages Open 1 (1): 1–16.
   Google Scholar
• Wichert, Sabine. 1999. Northern Ireland Since 1945. 2nd ed. London: Longman.
   Google Scholar
• Wright, Margaret, and Orla McGrory. 2005. “Motivation and the Adult Irish Language Learner.” Educational Research 47 (2): 191–204.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar