The state as a political practice: Pakistan’s postcolonial state beyond dictatorship and Islam

Bibliography

• Abbas, H. Pakistan’s Drift into Extremism: Allah, the Army, and America’s War on Terror. Armonk: An East Gate Book, 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Ahmad, E. “Pakistan: Signpost to a Police State.” Journal of Contemporary Asia 4, no. 4 (1974): 423–438. doi:10.1080/00472337485390601.
   Google Scholar
• Ahmed, Shahid. Rentier Capitalism. London: Palgrave McMillan, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Akhtar, A. S. “Overdeveloping State: The Politics of Common Sense in Pakistan, 1971–2007.” PhD thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2008.
   Google Scholar
• Akhtar, A. S. The Politics of Common Sense: State, Society, and Culture in Pakistan. Delhi: Cambridge University Press, 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Alavi, H. “Bangladesh and the Crisis of Pakistan.” The Socialist Register 8 (1971): 289–317.
   Google Scholar
• Alavi, H. “Misreading Partition Road Signs.” Economic and Political Weekly, 2002, 4515–4517.
   Google Scholar
• Alavi, H. “Pakistan between Afghanistan and India.” Middle East Report 2002, no. 222 (2002): 24–31. https://merip.org/2002/03/pakistan-between-afghanistan-and-india/. doi:10.2307/1559267.
   Google Scholar
• Alavi, H. “The State in Post-Colonial Societies: Pakistan and Bangladesh.” New Left Review 74, no. 1 (1972): 59–81.
   Google Scholar
• Alavi, H. “State and Class Under Peripheral Capitalism,” In Introduction to the Sociology of “Developing Societies,” edited by H. Alavi, and T. Shanin, Chapter 23, 289–307. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1982.
   Google Scholar
• Ali, K. A. “The Strength of the Street Meets the Strength of the State: The 1972 Labor Struggle in Karachi.” International Journal of Middle East Studies 37, no. 1 (2005): 83–107. doi:10.1017/S0020743805050063.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali, N. G. “Agrarian Class Struggle and State Formation in Post-Colonial Pakistan, 1959–1974: Contingencies of Mazdoor Kissan Raj.” Journal of Agrarian Change 20, no. 2 (2020): 1–19. doi:10.1111/joac.12338.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali, N. G. “Gulf Sub-Imperialism and Pakistan.” Paper Presented at the Toronto Historical Materialism Conference, May 11–13, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Ali, N. G. “Reading Gramsci through Fanon: Hegemony before Dominance in Revolutionary Theory.”Rethinking Marxism 27, no. 2 (2015): 241–257. doi:10.1080/08935696.2015.1007793.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ali, N. G. “The Hashtnagar Peasant Movement: Agrarian Class Struggle, Hegemony and State Formation in Northwestern Pakistan, 1947–1986.” PhD diss., University of Toronto, Canada, 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Anwar, N. H. Infrastructure Redux: Crisis, Progress in Industrial Pakistan & Beyond. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Azeem, M. Law, State and Inequality in Pakistan: Explaining the Rise of the Judiciary. Singapore: Springer, 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Azeem, M. “Theoretical Challenges to TWAIL with the Rise of China: Labor Conditions under Chinese Investment in Pakistan.” Oregon Review of International Law 20, no. 2 (2019): 395–435.
   Google Scholar
• Azeem, Syed, and Noaman Ali. “Zarb-e-Azb and the Left: How Pakistani Progressives Lost Their Way and Finding it Again.” Tanqeed, August, 2014. https://www.tanqeed.org/2014/08/zarb-e-azb-and-the-left-on-imperialisms-materiality/#sthash.0qIifEVP.dpbs.
   Google Scholar
• Aziz, S., and A. Mikhailova. From Banking to the Thorny World of Politics. London: Quartet Books, 2016.
   Google Scholar
• Barrow, C. W. “The Miliband-Poulantzas Dbate: An Intellectual History.” In Paradigm Lost: State Theory Reconsidered. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Braibanti, R. Chief Justice Cornelius of Pakistan: An Analysis with Letters and Speeches. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Cheema, A., A. I. Khwaja, and A. Qadir. “Decentralization in Pakistan: Context, Contents, and Causes.” Working Paper Series rwp 05-034, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government, 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Chimni, B. S. “Third World Approaches to International Law: A Manifesto.” International Community Law Review 8, no. 1 (2006): 3–27.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, S. P. The Pakistan Army. Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press, 1984.
   Google Scholar
• Cohen, S., and T. Fatemi. The Future of Pakistan. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Cox, R. W. “Gramsci, Hegemony and International Relations: An Essay in Method.” Millennium: Journal of International Studies 12, no. 2 (1983): 162–175. doi:10.1177/03058298830120020701.
   Google Scholar
• Hanieh, A. Capitalism and Class in the Gulf Arab States. New York: Palgrave McMillan, 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Haqqani, H. Pakistan between Mosque and Military. Washington, DC: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Harvey, D. A Brief History of Neoliberalism. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Heeger, G. A. “Politics in the Post-Military State: Some Reflections on the Pakistani Experience.” World Politics 29, no. 2 (1977): 242–262. doi:10.2307/2010092.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hung, H. F. The China Boom: Why China Will Not Rule the World. New York: Colombia University Press, 2015.
   Google Scholar
• Huntington, S. P. Political Order in Changing Societies. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968.
   Google Scholar
• Husain, I. Pakistan: The Economy of an Elitist State. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Hussain, S. H., and V. Ahmed. Experiments with Industrial Policy: The Case of Pakistan. SDPI Working Paper no. 124, Islamabad, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Iqtidar, H. Secularising Islamists? Jama’at-e-Islami and Jama’at-ud-Da’wa in Urban Pakistan. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Javid, H. “Class, Power, and Patronage: Landowners and Politics in Punjab.” History and Anthropology 22, no. 3 (2011): 337–369. doi:10.1080/02757206.2011.595006.
   Google Scholar
• Kaufmann, D., and A. Kraay. Growth without Governance. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, no. 2928, 2002. https://ssrn.com/abstract=316861.
   Google Scholar
• Kaviraj, S. The Trajectories of the Indian State: Politics and Ideas. Delhi: Permanent Black, 2010.
   Google Scholar
• Kennedy, C. H., and C. A. Botteron, eds. Pakistan: 2005. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Khan, F. S. “Political Economy and the Rule of Law in Pakistan 1999–2004: Resistance to Implementation of Law and Caste Capitalism.” PhD Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2014.
   Google Scholar
• Khan, M. H. “Changes in the Agrarian Structure of Pakistan.” In The Post-Colonial State and Social Transformation in India and Pakistan, edited by S. M. Naseem, and K. Nadvi, 179–202. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Khan, S., and H. Gazdar. Social Structures in Rural Pakistan. Thematic Paper. Islamabad: Asian Development Bank, 2006.
   Google Scholar
• Khan, T. A. The Post-Colonial State in the Era of Capitalist Globalization: Historical, Political, and Theoretical Approaches to State Formation. New York: Routledge, 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Kux, D. The United States and Pakistan 1947–2000: Disenchanted Allies. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, C. K. The Specter of Global China: Politics, Labor, and Foreign Investment in Africa. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Leys, C. “The ‘Overdeveloped’ Post-Colonial State: A Re-Evaluation.” Review of African Political Economy 3, no. 5 (1976): 39–48. doi:10.1080/03056248108703276.
   Google Scholar
• Lieven, A. Pakistan: A Hard Country. London: Allen Lane, 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Mahmood, M. A. Model for Social Development Based on the Community. SDPI Policy Paper Series 20, Islamabad: SDPI. no. 2, 1993.
   Google Scholar
• Malik, A. “Alternative Politics and Dominant Narratives: Communists and the Pakistani State in the Early 1950s.” South Asian History and Culture 4, no. 4 (2013): 520–537. doi:10.1080/19472498.2013.824681.
   Google Scholar
• Malik, A. “Public Authority and Local Resistance: Abdur Rehman and the Industrial Workers of Lahore, 1969–1974.” Modern Asian Studies 52, no. 3 (2018): 815–848. doi:10.1017/S0026749X16000469.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malik, A., and T. Malik. “Pirs and Politics in Punjab 1937–2018.” Modern Asian Studies 51, no. 6 (2017): 1818–1861. doi:10.1017/S0026749X16000949.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mangi, F. “Pakistan Owes China More Money than It Owes the IMF.” October 3, 2019. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-10-03/pakistan-owes-china-more-money-than-it-does-imf-as-loans-mature
   Google Scholar
• McCartney, M., and S. A. Zaidi. New Perspectives on Pakistan’s Political Economy: State, Class and Social Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• Miliband, R. The State in Capitalist Society. London: Weidenfield and Nicolson, 1969.
   Google Scholar
• Moyo, S., and P. Yeros. “Intervention: The Zimbabwe Question and the Two Lefts.” Historical Materialism 15, no. 3 (2007): 171–204. doi:10.1163/156920607X225924.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munir, K., and S. Khalid. “Pakistan’s Power Politics.” Economic and Political Weekly 47, no. 25 (2012): 24–27.
   Google Scholar
• Munir, K., and N. Naqvi. “Privatization in the Land of Believers: The Political Economy of Privatization in Pakistan.” Modern Asian Studies 51, no. 6 (2017): 1695–1726. nodoi:10.1017/S0026749X16000585.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naseemullah, A., and C. E. Arnold. “The Politics of Developmental State Persistence: Institutional Origins, Industrialization and Provincial Challenge.” Studies in Comparative International Development 50, no. 1 (2015): 121–142. doi:10.1007/s12116-014-9164-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peck, J., and A. Tickell. “Neoliberalizing Space.” Antipode 34, no. 3 (2002): 380–404. doi:10.1111/1467-8330.00247.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poulantzas, N. “On Social Classes.” New Left Review 78, no. 1 (1978): 27–54.
   Google Scholar
• Purl, S. “Fathoming Pakistan’s Cycles of Instability.” The RUSI Journal 152, no. 5 (2007): 52–56. doi:10.1080/03071840701698042.
   Google Scholar
• Qadeer, M. A. “Ruralopolises: The Spatial Organisation and Residential Land Economy of High-Density Rural Regions in South Asia.” Urban Studies 37, no. 9 (2000): 1583–1603. doi:10.1080/00420980020080271.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahman, S. Pakistan: Sovereignty Lost. Islamabad: Mr Books, 2005.
   Google Scholar
• Rahman, S. “Who Owns Pakistan: Fluctuating Fortunes of Business Mughals.”1997. https://www.scribd.com/doc/125960792/Who-Owns-Pakistan
   Google Scholar
• Reuters. “IMF Warns Pakistan Against ‘Excessive Loans’ from China.“ October 10, 2018. https://www.dawn.com/news/1438023
   Google Scholar
• Saul, J. “The State in Post-Colonial Societies: Tanzania.” The Socialist Register 11 (1974): 349–372.
   Google Scholar
• State Bank of Pakistan Annual Report 2018–19. “Domestic and External Debt.” Chapter 5, 69–75. http://www.sbp.org.pk/reports/annual/arFY19/Chapter-05.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Stepan, A. C. The Military in Politics: Changing Pattern in Brazil. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1971.
   Google Scholar
• Times of Islamabad. “$30 Billion Investment Package Coming for Pakistan.” February 10, 2019. https://timesofislamabad.com/10-Feb-2019/30-billion-investment-package-coming-for-pakistan
   Google Scholar
• Toor, S. The State of Islam: Culture and Cold War Politics in Pakistan. London: Pluto Press, 2011.
   Google Scholar
• Ullah, M. N. Pakistan under the Stranglehold of Feudalism (Pakistan Jagirdari Zamindari Nizam Ke Shikajije Men): A Nation under the Agony of Fundamentalism. Lahore: Jumhoori Publications, 2003.
   Google Scholar
• Washbrook, D. “The Rhetoric of Democracy and Development”. In Nationalism, Democracy, and Development: State and Politics in India, edited by S. Bose, and A. Jalal. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Weiss, A. Class, Culture and Development in Pakistan: The Emergence of an Industrial Bourgeoisie in Punjab. Boulder: Westview Press, 1991.
   Google Scholar
• White, L. J. Industrial Concentration and Economic Power in Pakistan. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1974.
   Google Scholar
• Wolpin, M. D. Military Aid and Counterrevolution in the Third World. Lexington: Lexington Books, 1972.
   Google Scholar
• World Bank. In the Dark: How Much Do Power Sector Distortions Cost South Asia. World Bank Report, 2018.
   Google Scholar
• Zaheer, H. The Times and Trial of the Pindi Conspiracy Case 1951: The First Coup Attempt in Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1998.
   Google Scholar
• Zaidi, S. A. Issues in Pakistan’s Economy. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 2009.
   Google Scholar
• Zaidi, S. A. “Rethinking Pakistan’s Political Economy: Class, State, Power and Transition.” Economic and Political Weekly 49, no. 5 (2014): 47–54.
   Google Scholar
• Zaidi, S. A. “State, Military and Social Transition: Improbable Future of Democracy in Pakistan.” Economic and Political Weekly 40, no. 49 (2005): 5173–5181.
   Google Scholar
• Zaman, A. “Eradicating Poverty in South Asia by the Year 2002: Issues in a New International Dialogue with Donors.” Working Paper Series #14, Islamabad: SDPI, 1993.
   Google Scholar