The Chinese approach to peacebuilding: contesting liberal peace?

Bibliography

• Abdenur, A. E. 2016. “Rising Powers and International Security: The BRICS and the Syrian Conflict.” Rising Powers Quarterly 1 (1): 109–133. https://risingpowersproject.com/quarterly/rising-powers-and-international-security-the-brics-and-the-syrian-conflict/.
   Google Scholar
• Alden, C., and D. Large. 2015. “On Becoming a Norms Maker: Chinese Foreign Policy, Norms Evolution and the Challenges of Security in Africa*.” The China Quarterly 221 (March): 123–142. doi:10.1017/S0305741015000028.
   Google Scholar
• Beardsley, K. C., D. M. Quinn, B. Biswas, and J. Wilkenfeld. 2006. “Mediation Style and Crisis Outcomes.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 50 (1): 58–86. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27638475. doi:10.1177/0022002705282862.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benabdallah, L. 2019. “Contesting the International Order by Integrating It: The Case of China’s Belt and Road Initiative.” Third World Quarterly 40 (1): 92–108. doi:10.1080/01436597.2018.1529539.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brancati, D., and J. L. Snyder. 2013. “Time to Kill: The Impact of Election Timing on Postconflict Stability.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 57 (5): 822–853. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24545572. doi:10.1177/0022002712449328.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Call, C. T., and S. E. Cook. 2003. “On Democratization and Peacebuilding.” Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations 9 (2): 233–246. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27800477. doi:10.1163/19426720-00902010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• China Daily. 2017. “President Xi Jinping’s Report at 19th CPC National Congress.” 04 November 2017. https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/19thcpcnationalcongress/2017-11/04/content_34115212.htm
   Google Scholar
• Cooley, A. 2015. “Authoritarianism Goes Global: Countering Democratic Norms.” Journal of Democracy 26 (3): 49–63. doi:10.1353/jod.2015.0049.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooley, A., D. Nexon, and S. Ward. 2019. “Revising Order or Challenging the Balance of Military Power? An Alternative Typology of Revisionist and Status-Quo States.” Review of International Studies 45 (4): 689–708. doi:10.1017/S0260210519000019.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deitelhoff, N., and L. Zimmermann. 2018. “Things We Lost in the Fire: How Different Types of Contestation Affect the Robustness of International Norms.” International Studies Review 22 (1): 51–76. doi:10.1093/isr/viy080.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deng, F. 2010. “From ‘Sovereignty as Responsibility’ to the ‘Responsibility to Protect.” Global Responsibility to Protect 2 (4): 353–370. doi:10.1163/187598410X519534.
   Google Scholar
• Diehl, P. F. 2016. “Exploring Peace: Looking beyond War and Negative Peace.” International Studies Quarterly 60 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1093/isq/sqw005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dreher, A., and A. Fuchs. 2015. “Rogue Aid? An Empirical Analysis of China’s Aid Allocation.” Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue Canadienne D’économique 48 (3): 988–1023. doi:10.1111/caje.12166.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finnemore, Martha, and Kathryn Sikkink. 1998. “International Norm Dynamics and Political Change.” International Organization 52 (4): 887–917. doi:10.1162/002081898550789.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foot, R. 2011. “The Responsibility to Protect (R2P) and Its Evolution: Beijing’s Influence on Norm Creation in Humanitarian Areas.” St Antony’s International Review 6 (2): 47–66. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26226764.
   Google Scholar
• Foot, R. 2020. China, the UN, and Human Protection: Beliefs, Power, Image. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oso/9780198843733.001.0001.
   Google Scholar
• Fung, C. J. 2016. “What Explains China’s Deployment to UN Peacekeeping Operations?” International Relations of the Asia-Pacific 16 (3): 409–441. doi:10.1093/irap/lcv020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fung, C. J. 2019. China and Intervention at the UN Security Council: Reconciling Status. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Givens, J. W. 2011. “The Beijing Consensus Is Neither: China as a Non-Ideological Challenge to International Norms.” St Antony’s International Review 6 (2): 10–26. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26226762.
   Google Scholar
• Glanville, L. 2011. “The Antecedents of ‘Sovereignty as Responsibility’.” European Journal of International Relations 17 (2): 233–255. doi:10.1177/1354066109346889.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, Y. 2014. “Norm Competition and Complementation: A Case Study on Peacebuilding [Guifan Jingzheng Yu Hubu: Yi Jianshe Weili].” World Politics and Economy [Shijie Zhengzhi Yu Jingji]) 4: 105–121. http://cdmd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CDMD-10040-1014034964.htm.
   Google Scholar
• He, Y. 2017. “Developmental Peace: Chinese Approach to UN Peacekeeping and Peacebuilding (Fazhan Heping: Lianheguo Jianshe Heping de Zhongguo Fangan).” The Journal of International Studies (Guoji Zhengzhi Yanjiu) 38, no. (4): 10–32. http://www.jis.pku.edu.cn/docs/2018-06/20180626100010232583.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Hellmüller, S. 2021. “A Child of Its Time: The Impact of Globalized World Politics on UN Peacebuilding.” Presented at the International Studies Association. Virtual conference.
   Google Scholar
• Hirono, M. 2019. “China’s Conflict Mediation and the Durability of the Principle of Non-Interference: The Case of Post-2014 Afghanistan.” The China Quarterly 239 (September): 614–634. doi:10.1017/S0305741018001753.
   Google Scholar
• Hirono, M., and M. Lanteigne. 2011. “Introduction: China and UN Peacekeeping.” International Peacekeeping 18 (3): 243–256. doi:10.1080/13533312.2011.563070.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Höglund, K., and C. Orjuela. 2012. “Hybrid Peace Governance and Illiberal Peacebuilding in Sri Lanka.” Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations 18 (1): 89–104. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23104302. doi:10.1163/19426720-01801008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holslag, J. 2008. “China’s Diplomatic Manoeuvring on the Question of Darfur.” Journal of Contemporary China 17 (54): 71–84. doi:10.1080/10670560701693088.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnston, A. I. 2003. “Is China a Status Quo Power?” International Security 27 (4): 5–56. doi:10.1162/016228803321951081.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jütersonke, O., K. Kobayashi, K. Krause, and X. Yuan. 2021. “Norm Contestation and Normative Transformation in Global Peacebuilding Order(s): The Cases of China, Japan, and Russia.” International Studies Quarterly 65 (4): 944–959. doi:10.1093/isq/sqab060.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katzenstein, P. J. 1996. Cultural Norms and National Security: Police and Military in Postwar Japan. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Kerr, D., and Y. Xu. 2014. “Europe, China and Security Governance: Is There Evidence of Normative Convergence?” Asia Europe Journal 12 (1-2): 79–93. doi:10.1007/s10308-014-0371-0.
   Google Scholar
• Kneuer, M., and T. Demmelhuber. 2016. “Gravity Centres of Authoritarian Rule: A Conceptual Approach.” Democratization 23 (5): 775–796. doi:10.1080/13510347.2015.1018898.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuo, S. C. Y. 2015. “Chinese Peace? An Emergent Norm in African Peace Operations | China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies.” China Quarterly of International Strategic Studies 01 (01): 155–181. doi:10.1142/S2377740015500086.
   Google Scholar
• Lanteigne, M. 2011. “A Change in Perspective: China’s Engagement in the East Timor UN Peacekeeping Operations.” International Peacekeeping 18 (3): 313–327. doi:10.1080/13533312.2011.563093.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lantis, J. S., and C. Wunderlich. 2018. “Resiliency Dynamics of Norm Clusters: Norm Contestation and International Cooperation.” Review of International Studies 44 (3): 570–593. doi:10.1017/S0260210517000626.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leonardsson, H., and G. Rudd. 2015. “The ‘Local Turn’ in Peacebuilding: A Literature Review of Effective and Emancipatory Local Peacebuilding.” Third World Quarterly 36 (5): 825–839. doi:10.1080/01436597.2015.1029905.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Y. 2019. “Beyond Liberalism: Debates on Diverse Paradigms of Peacebuilding [Chaoyue Ziyou Zhuyi: Jianshe Heping de Duoyuan Lunzheng].” International Politics Study [Guoji Zhengzhi Yanjiu] 1: 32–51. http://www.jis.pku.edu.cn/docs/2019-04/20190403143329988590.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Mac Ginty, R. 2008. “Indigenous Peace-Making versus the Liberal Peace.” Cooperation and Conflict 43 (2): 139–163. doi:10.1177/0010836708089080.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mac Ginty, R., and O. P. Richmond. 2013. “The Local Turn in Peace Building: A Critical Agenda for Peace.” Third World Quarterly 34 (5): 763–783. doi:10.1080/01436597.2013.800750.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marc, A, and B. Jones. 2021. “The New Geopolitics of Fragility: Russia, China, and the Mounting Challenge for Peacebuilding.” The Brookings Institution. https://www.brookings.edu/research/the-new-geopolitics-of-fragility-russia-china-and-the-mounting-challenge-for-peacebuilding/
   Google Scholar
• Meng, W. 2017. “A Review on China’s Participation in U.N. Peacekeeping [Zhongguo Canyu Lianheguo Weihe Xingdong de Yanjiu Pingshu].” International Politics Study [Guoji Zhengzhi Yanjiu] 4: 85–102. http://www.jis.pku.edu.cn/docs/2018-06/20180625101723202372.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Newman, E., R. Paris, and O. P. Richmond, eds. 2009. New Perspectives on Liberal Peacebuilding. Tokyo: United Nations University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Newman, E., and B. Zala. 2018. “Rising Powers and Order Contestation: Disaggregating the Normative from the Representational.” Third World Quarterly 39 (5): 871–888. doi:10.1080/01436597.2017.1392085.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paffenholz, T. 2015. “Unpacking the Local Turn in Peacebuilding: A Critical Assessment towards an Agenda for Future Research.” Third World Quarterly 36 (5): 857–874. doi:10.1080/01436597.2015.1029908.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paris, R. 2002. “International Peacebuilding and the ‘Mission Civilisatrice’.” Review of International Studies 28 (4): 637–656. doi:10.1017/S026021050200637X.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Permanent Mission of China to the UN. 2004. “China’s Propositions to Establish a New International Political and Economic Order.” www.china-un.ch/chn/ljzg/foreignpolicty/t155786.htm
   Google Scholar
• Permanent Mission of China to the UN. 2006. “Statement by Ambassador Wang Guangya on China’s Voting Position on the Resolution on the Sudan Issue”. 31 August. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/ce/ceun/eng/xw/t269767.htm
   Google Scholar
• Permanent Mission of China to the UN. 2013. “Statement by Ambassador Wang Min, Deputy Permanent Representative to the United Nations, at the Security Council Open Debate on the Protection of Civilians in Armed Conflicts.” 12 March. http://chnun.chinamission.org.cn/chn/zgylhg/jjalh/alhzh/wzctpm/201302/t20130213_8365437.htm
   Google Scholar
• Permanent Mission of China to the UN. 2018. “Statement by Ambassador Ma Zhaoxu at the Security Council Open Debate on Afghanistan.” 17 December. http://chnun.chinamission.org.cn/chn/zgylhg/jjalh/alhrd/yz/afh/t1622901.htm
   Google Scholar
• Permanent Mission of China to the UN. 2020. “ Remarks by Ambassador Zhang Jun at Security Council Open Debate on Peace Operations and Human Rights,” 07 July 2020. http://chnun.chinamission.org.cn/eng/chinaandun/securitycouncil/thematicissues/peacekeeping/202007/t20200708_8417393.htm
   Google Scholar
• Permanent Mission of China to the UN. 2021a. “Remarks by Ambassador Geng Shuang at Security Council Briefing on the Political Situation in Syria.” 25 June 2021. http://chnun.chinamission.org.cn/eng/chinaandun/securitycouncil/regionalhotspots/mideast/202106/t20210626_9127422.htm
   Google Scholar
• Permanent Mission of China to the UN. 2021b. “Remarks by Ambassador Dai Bing at Security Council Ministerial Open Debate on Peacekeeping and UN Transitions.” 08 September 2021. http://chnun.chinamission.org.cn/eng/chinaandun/securitycouncil/thematicissues/peacekeeping/202109/t20210909_10082520.htm
   Google Scholar
• Ralph, J., and A. Gallagher. 2015. “Legitimacy Faultlines in International Society: The Responsibility to Protect and Prosecute after Libya.” Review of International Studies 41 (3): 553–573. doi:10.1017/S0260210514000242.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Richmond, O. P. 2006. “The Problem of Peace: Understanding the ‘Liberal Peace’.” Conflict, Security & Development 6 (3): 291–314. doi:10.1080/14678800600933480.
   Google Scholar
• Richmond, O. P., and I. Tellidis. 2014. “Emerging Actors in International Peacebuilding and Statebuilding: Status Quo or Critical States?” Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations 20 (4): 563–584. doi:10.1163/19426720-02004006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki, S. 2009. “Chinese Soft Power, Insecurity Studies, Myopia and Fantasy.” Third World Quarterly 30 (4): 779–793. doi:10.1080/01436590902867300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suzuki, S. 2011. “Why Does China Participate in Intrusive Peacekeeping? Understanding Paternalistic Chinese Discourses on Development and Intervention.” International Peacekeeping 18 (3): 271–285. doi:10.1080/13533312.2011.563079.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The Information Office of China’s State Council. 2011. “White Paper on China’s Peaceful Development.” 06 September 2011. http://english.www.gov.cn/archive/white_paper/2014/09/09/content_281474986284646.htm
   Google Scholar
• The Information Office of China’s State Council. 2013. “White Paper on China’s Progress in Human Rights in 2012.” 16 May 2013. https://www.mfa.gov.cn/ce/ceiq//eng/zt/zgzfbps/t1040952.htm
   Google Scholar
• The Information Office of China’s State Council. 2020. “White Paper on Chinese Thirty Years’ Participation in the UN Peacekeeping Operations.”18 September 2020. http://english.www.gov.cn/archive/whitepaper/202009/18/content_WS5f6449a8c6d0f7257693c323.html
   Google Scholar
• The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China. 2005. “Position Paper of China on the UN Reform.” 07 June 2005. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/ce/ceun/eng/zt/gaige/t199101.htm
   Google Scholar
• The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China. 2014. “President Xi Jinping’s Speech at the 60th Anniversary of the Formation of Five Principles of Peaceful Co-Existence.” 28 June 2014. http://www.china.org.cn/world/2014-07/07/content_32876905.htm
   Google Scholar
• The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China. 2020. “ China’s Position Paper on the 75th Anniversary of the Founding of the United Nations.” 10 September 2020. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjdt_665385/2649_665393/202009/t20200910_679639.html
   Google Scholar
• The UN Secretary-General. 2015. “The Future of United Nations Peace Operations: Implementation of the Recommendations of the High-Level Independent Panel on Peace Operations.” 02 September 2015. https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/802167?ln=en
   Google Scholar
• Uesugi, Y., and O. P. Richmond. 2021. “The Western International Peace Architecture and the Emergence of the Eastphalian Peace.” Global Society 35 (4): 435–421. doi:10.1080/13600826.2021.1942803.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Kersbergen, K., and B. Verbeek. 2007. “The Politics of International Norms: Subsidiarity and the Imperfect Competence Regime of the European Union.” European Journal of International Relations 13 (2): 217–238. doi:10.1177/1354066107076955.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Von Billerbeck, S. B. K. 2015. “Local Ownership and UN Peacebuilding: Discourse versus Operationalization.” Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations 21 (2): 299–315. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24526166. doi:10.1163/19426720-02102007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, X. 2018. “Developmental Peace: Understanding China’s Africa Policy in Peace and Security.” In China and Africa: Building Peace and Security Cooperation on the Continent, edited by C. Alden, A. Alao, C. Zhang, and L. Barber, 67–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-52893-9_4.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, X., and Y. Liu. 2013. “Domestic Experience and International Peace Involvement: Understanding China’s Africa Policy on Peace and Security.” Africa Studies 1: 41–50. http://cn.oversea.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?filename=ZDFZ201310002004&dbcode=CPFD&dbname=CPFD2015.
   Google Scholar
• Welsh, J. M. 2013. “Norm Contestation and the Responsibility to Protect.” Global Responsibility to Protect 5 (4): 365–396. doi:10.1163/1875984X-00504002.
   Google Scholar
• Wiener, A. 2004. “Contested Compliance: Interventions on the Normative Structure of World Politics.” European Journal of International Relations 10 (2): 189–234. doi:10.1177/1354066104042934.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiener, A. 2014. A Theory of Contestation, SpringerBriefs in Political Science. Berlin: Springer-Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-55235-9.
   Google Scholar
• Wiener, A. 2020. “Norm(ative) Change in International Relations: A Conceptual Framework.” KFG Working Paper Series 44. Berlin: Freie Universität Berlin.
   Google Scholar
• Winston, C. 2018. “Norm Structure, Diffusion, and Evolution: A Conceptual Approach.” European Journal of International Relations 24 (3): 638–661. doi:10.1177/1354066117720794.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolff, J., and L. Zimmermann. 2016. “Between Banyans and Battle Scenes: Liberal Norms, Contestation, and the Limits of Critique.” Review of International Studies 42 (3): 513–534. doi:10.1017/S0260210515000534.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue, L. 2018. “China’s Development-Oriented Peacekeeping Strategy in Africa.” In China and Africa: Building Peace and Security Cooperation on the Continent, edited by C. Alden, A. Alao, C. Zhang, and L. Barber, 83–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-52893-9_5.
   Google Scholar
• Yao, L. 2018. “The Evolution of China’s Role in African Security Governance in a New Era: A Case Study of Peacekeeping Operations [Xinshidai Zhongguo Feizhou Anquan Zhili Juese Yanjin: Yi Weihe Xingdong Weili].” International Relations Studies [Guoji Guanxi Yanjiu] 3: 119–38. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GGXY201803008.htm.
   Google Scholar
• Yuan, X. 2020. “Chinese Pathways to Peacebuilding: From Historical Legacies to Contemporary Practices.” Pathways to Peace and Security 1: 26–45. doi:10.20542/2307-1494-2020-1-26-45.
   Google Scholar
• Zheng, Z. 2018. “Major-Country Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era.” China International Studies 70: 5–14. https://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/chintersd70&i=5.
   Google Scholar
• Zürcher, C. 2020. “China as a Peacekeeper – Past, Present, and Future.” International Journal: Canada’s Journal of Global Policy Analysis 75 (2): 123–143. doi:10.1177/0020702020933647.
   Google Scholar