Black Propaganda by Radio: the German Concordia broadcasts to Britain 1940–1941

Notes

• Joyce's career continues to excite interest. The best published biography is still Cole J.A. Lord Haw-Haw. The Full Story of William Joyce London 1964 For a recent contribution, see, Charman, T. (1992) The number one radio personality of the war: Lord Haw-Haw and his British audience during the Phoney War, Imperial War Museum Review, 7, pp. 74–82. An analysis of the contribution of American propagandists to the Nazi cause may be found in Edwards, J.C. (1991) Berlin Calling; American Broadcasters in service to the Third Reich (New York). See also Joyce, W. (1940) Twilight over England with new introduction by T. Charman (London, 1992).
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• Cole . Lord Haw-Haw , 135 – 135 .
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• Orwell , S. and Angus , I , eds. 1968 . The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell: My Country Right or Left, 1940–1943 Vol. 3 , 212 – 212 . London
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• Boelcke , W.A. , ed. 1967 . The Secret Conferences of Dr Goebbels October 1939 March 1943 London Entry for 22 June 1940
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• Cole . Lord Haw-Haw , 120 – 135 .
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• See Appendix I Extracts from Broadcasters' Statements to the British Authorities 1945
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• Transcripts of this and other BBC news bulletins can be found at the BBC W[ritten] A[rchives] C[entre] at Caversham Park, Reading RG4 8TZ, UK. The BBC also published a long article in The Listener on October 17 1940 by Colonel M.G. Christie on the subject of the secret stations. The article, entitled ‘Here Lies the Nazi’, provides the usual expose of the stations, remarks on the wickedness of their propaganda, and assures its readers of their ineffectuality. The fact that the BBC and the MoI felt that such an article was necessary is further proof of the extent to which Concordia caused them some disquiet. See The Listener October 1940 551 551 17 562
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• It will be recalled that the NBBS broadcast on the short wave band, originally on 50.63 m, which was outside the range of most domestic receivers. It is estimated that 38% of British listeners were equipped with adequate apparatus. See Briggs A. The History of Broadcasting in the United Kingdom: The War of Words London 1970 3 158 159
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• BBC WAC R9/9/4 C4/40 Effect of Hamburg Propaganda in Britain January 1940
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• BBC WAC R9/9/5 Listening to Enemy Broadcasts 20/01/41. The point about the novelty of the language is a good one. Sefton Delmer recounts how Leonard Ingrams of the intelligence services told him, “You know the Germans have recently launched a British left-wing Freedom Station. ‘The Workers' Challenge’ they call it. Old ladies in Eastbourne and Torquay are listening to it avidly, because it is using the foulest language ever. They enjoy counting the F's and B's”. See Delmer S. Black Boomerang London 1962 38 38
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• Orwell and Angus . 1968 . The Collected Essays, Journalism and Letters of George Orwell: My Country Right or Left, 1940–1943 Vol. 3 , 213 – 213 . London
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• Hale , J. 1975 . Radio Power. Propaganda and International Broadcasting 164 – 164 . London
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