4,470
Views
11
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

The safety ladder: developing an evidence-based safety management strategy for small road transport companies

, &
Pages 372-393 | Received 17 Nov 2016, Accepted 22 Jun 2017, Published online: 08 Jul 2017

References

  • 89/391/EEC. Retrieved from https://osha.europa.eu/no/legislation/directives/the-osh-framework-directive/1
  • Amtrak. (2015). Safety and security: Opportunities exist to improve the Safe-2-Safer program. Audit Report OIG-A-2015-007, February 19.
  • Antonsen, S. (2009). The relationship between culture and safety on offshore supply vessels. Safety Science, 47(8), 1118–1128. doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2008.12.006
  • Arboleda, A., Morrow, P. C., Crum, M. R., & Shelley, M. C. (2003). Management practices as antecedents of safety culture within the trucking industry: Similarities and differences by hierarchical level. Journal of Safety Research, 34(2), 189–197. doi: 10.1016/S0022-4375(02)00071-3
  • Assum, T., & Sørensen, M. W. J. (2010). 130 dødsulykker med vogntog (pp. 2005–2008). Gjennomgang av dødsulykker i 2005-2008 gransket av, Statens vegvesens ulykkesanalysegrupper, TøI- rapport 1061/2010, Transportøkonomisk institutt.
  • Banks, T. D. (2008). An investigation into how work-related road safety can be enhanced (PhD thesis). Queensland University of Technology.
  • Bidasca, L., & Townsend, E. (2014). The business case for managing road risk at work. PRAISE work-related road safety. Brussels.
  • Bjørnskau, T., & Nævestad, T.-O. (2013). Safety culture and safety performance in transport – A literature review. TØI-Working-paper-50267. Oslo.
  • Crum, M. R., & Morrow, P. C. (2002). The influence of carrier scheduling practices on truck driver fatigue. Transportation Journal, 42(1), 20–41.
  • DeJoy, D. M. (2005). Behavior change versus culture change: Divergent approaches to managing workplace safety. Safety Science, 43, 105–129. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2005.02.001
  • Department of Transportation U.S. (2006). Report to congress on the large truck crash causation study. Retrieved from https://www.fmcsa.dot.gov/safety/research-and-analysis/report-congress-large-truck-crash-causation-study
  • Driscoll, T., Takala, J., Steenland, K., Corvalan, C., & Fingerhut, M. (2005). Review of estimates of the global burden of injury and illness due to occupational exposures. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 48(6), 491–502. doi: 10.1002/ajim.20194
  • Elvebakk, B., Nævestad, T.-O., & Ranestad, K. (2017). Work-related accidents in Norwegian road, sea and air transport: Roles and responsibilities ( TØI-report 1567/2017). Oslo.
  • Elvik, R. (2002). The effect on accidents of technical inspections of heavy vehicles in Norway. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 34, 753–762. doi: 10.1016/S0001-4575(01)00075-6
  • Elvik, R. (2005). A catalogue of risks of accidental death in various activities ( TØI-Arbeidsdokument, SM/1661/2005). Oslo.
  • Elvik, R. (2006). Laws of accident causation. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 38(4), 742–747. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2006.01.005
  • Elvik, R., Vaa, T., Erke, A., & Sorensen, M. (Eds.). (2009). The handbook of road safety measures. Oslo: Emerald Group.
  • ETSC. (2001). The role of driver fatigue in commercial road transport crashes. Brussels: Author.
  • ETSC. (2009). “PRAISE”: Preventing road accidents and injuries for the safety of employees (Report 1).
  • ETSC. (2010a). Retrieved from http://www.etsc.eu/documents/PRAISE%20Leaflet.pdf
  • ETSC. (2010b). PRAISE: Thematic reports 1–6. Retrieved from http://www.etsc.eu/documents/PRAISE%20Leaflet.pdf
  • European Commission. (2009). Road freight transport vademecum. European Commission, Directorate General Energy and Transport, Directorate E – Inland Transport, Unit E.1 – Land Transport Policy.
  • Fernández-Muñiz, B., Montes-Peón, J. M., & Vázquez-Ordás, C. J. (2009). Relation between occupational safety management and firm performance. Safety Science, 47(7), 980–991. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2008.10.022
  • Feyer, A. M., & Williamson, A. M. (1995). Work and rest in the long-distance road transport industry in Australia. Work and Stress, 9, 198–205. doi: 10.1080/02678379508256554
  • Feyer, A.-M., Williamson, A., & Friswell, R. (1997). Balancing work and rest to combat driver fatigue: An investigation of two-up driving in Australia. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 29(4), 541–553. doi: 10.1016/S0001-4575(97)00034-1
  • Flin, R., Mearns, K., O’Connor, P., & Bryden, R. (2000). Measuring safety climate: Identifying the common features. Safety Science, 34(1–3), 177–192. doi: 10.1016/S0925-7535(00)00012-6
  • Fort, E., Pourcel, L., Davezies, P., Renaux, C., Chiron, M., & Charbotel, B. (2010). Road accidents, an occupational risk. Safety Science, 48(10), 1412–1420. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2010.06.001
  • Fourie, C., Holmes, A., Hildritch, C., Bourgeois-Bougrine, S., & Jackson, P. (2010). Interviews with operators, regulators and researchers with experience of implementing fatigue risk management systems (Road safety research report). London: Department for Transport.
  • Gander, P. H., Marshall, N. S., Bolger, W., & Girling, I. (2005). An evaluation of driver training as a fatigue countermeasure. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 8(1), 47–58. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2005.01.001
  • Goettee, D., Spiegel, W., Tarr, R., Campanian, C., & Grill, L. (2015). Overview of federal motor carrier safety administration safety training research for new entrant motor carriers. Billings: Sage. Motor Carrier Services.
  • Grayson, G. B., & Helman, S. (2011). Work-related road safety: A systematic review of the literature on the effectiveness of interventions. IOSH Research Report 11.3. Wigston, Leics: Institute of Occupational Safety and Health.
  • Gregersen, N. P., Brehmer, B., & Morén, B. (1996). Road safety improvement in large companies. An experimental comparison of different measures. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 28(3), 297–306. doi: 10.1016/0001-4575(95)00060-7
  • Guldenmund, F. W. (2000). The nature of safety culture: A review of theory and research. Safety Science, 34(1–3), 215–257. doi: 10.1016/S0925-7535(00)00014-X
  • Hale, A. R. (2000). Culture’s confusions. Safety Science, 34(1–3), 1–14. doi:10.1016/S0925-7535(00)00003-5
  • Hammer, M. C., Pratt, S. G., & Ross, A. (2014). Fleet safety. Developing & sustaining an effective program with ANSI/ASSE Z15.1. Professional Safety, 59(3), 47–56.
  • Hickman, J. S., & Geller, E. S. (2005). Self-management to increase safe driving among short-haul truck drivers. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 23(4), 1–20. doi: 10.1300/J075v23n04_01
  • Hickman, J. S., Guo, F., Hanowski, R. J., Bishop, R., Bergoffen, G., & Murray, D. (2012). Safety benefits of speed limiters in commercial motor vehicles using carrier-collected crash data. Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, 16(4), 177–183. doi: 10.1080/15472450.2012.704340
  • Hickman, J. S., & Hanowski, R. J. (2011). Use of a video monitoring approach to reduce at-risk driving behaviors in commercial vehicle operations. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 14(3), 189–198. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2010.11.010
  • Hudson, P. (2003). Applying the lessons of high risk industries to health care. Quality and Safety in Health Care, 12, i7–i12. doi: 10.1136/qhc.12.suppl_1.i7
  • Hughes, B. P., Anund, A., & Falkmer, T. (2016). A comprehensive conceptual framework for road safety strategies. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 90, 13–28. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2016.01.017
  • Hughes, B. P., Newstead, S., Anund, A., Shu, C. C., & Falkmer, T. (2015). A review of models relevant to road safety. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 74, 250–270. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2014.06.003
  • Husband, P. A. (2011). Work-related drivers: A review of the evidence on road safety initiatives for individuals at work: Implications for practice. Devon: Devon County Council.
  • Johansson, B., Rask, K., & Stenberg, M. (2010). Piece rates and their effects on health and safety – A literature review. Applied Ergonomics, 41(4), 607–614. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2009.12.020
  • Kringen, J. (2009). Culture and control: Regulation of risk in the Norwegian petroleum industry. Center for Technology, Innovation and Culture, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo.
  • Lappalainen, F. J., Kuronen, J., & Tapaninen, U. (2014). Evaluation of the ISM Code in the Finnish shipping companies. Journal of Maritime Research, 9(1), 23–32.
  • Lerman, S. E., Eskin, E., Flower, D. J., George, E., Gerson, B., Hartenbaum, N., … Moore-Ede, M. (2012). Fatigue risk management in the workplace. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 54, 231–258. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e318247a3b0
  • Lundberg, J., Rollenhagen, C., & Hollnagel, E. (2009). What-you-look-for-is-what-you-find – The consequences of underlying accident models in eight accident investigation manuals. Safety Science, 47(10), 1297–1311. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2009.01.004
  • Maldonado, C. C., Mitchell, D., Taylor, S. R., & Driver, H. S. (2002). Sleep, work schedules and accident risk in South African long-haul truck drivers. South African Journal of Science, 98(7–8), 319–324.
  • McShane, S. L., & Travaglione, A. (2003). Organizational behaviour on the pacific rim. Sydney: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
  • Mellum, R. (2015). 10 år med Havarikommisjonen på veien. Oppsummering og erfaringer. Statens Havarikommisjon for transport.
  • Mitchell, R., Driscoll, T., & Healey, S. (2004). Work-related road fatalities in Australia. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 36(5), 851–860. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2003.06.002
  • Moore-Ede, M., Heitmann, A., Guttkuhn, R., Trutschel, U., Aguirre, A., & Croke, D. (2004). Circadian alertness simulator for fatigue risk assessment in transportation: Application to reduce frequency and severity of truck accidents. Aviation Space and Environmental Medicine, 75(3), A107–A118.
  • Mooren, L., Grzebieta, R., Williamson, A., Olivier, J., & Friswell, R. (2014). Safety management for heavy vehicle transport: A review of the literature. Safety Science, 62, 79–89. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2013.08.001
  • Mooren, L., Williamson, A., Friswell, R., Olivier, J., Grzebieta, R., & Magableh, F. (2014). What are the differences in management characteristics of heavy vehicle operators with high insurance claims versus low insurance claims? Safety Science, 70, 327–338. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2014.07.007
  • Murray, W., Ison, S., Gallemore, P., & Nijjar, H. S. (2009). Effective occupational road safety programs a case study of Wolseley. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2096, 55–64. doi: 10.3141/2096-08
  • Murray, W., White, J., & Ison, S. (2012). Work-related road safety: A case study of Roche Australia. Safety Science, 50(1), 129–137. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2011.07.012
  • Musicant, O., Lotan, T., & Albert, G. (2015). Do we really need to use our smartphones while driving? Accident Analysis & Prevention, 85, 13–21. doi:10.1016/j.aap.2015.08.023
  • Myers, L. A., Russi, C. S., Will, M. D., & Hankins, D. G. (2012). Effect of an onboard event recorder and a formal review process on ambulance driving behaviour. Emergency Medicine Journal, 29(2), 133–135. doi: 10.1136/emj.2010.104034
  • Nafukho, F. M., Hinton, B. E., & Graham, C. M. (2007). A study of truck drivers and their Job performance regarding highway safety. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 20(1), 65–78. doi:10.1111/j.1937-8327.2007.tb00432.x
  • National Transport Plan (2010–2019). Retrieved from https://www.regjeringen.no/globalassets/upload/SD/Vedlegg/NTP/Binder1ntp_engNY.pdf
  • Naveh, E., & Katz-Navon, T. (2015). A longitudinal study of an intervention to improve road safety climate: Climate as an organizational boundary spanner. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100(1), 216–226. doi: 10.1037/a0037613
  • Naveh, E., & Marcus, A. (2007). Financial performance, ISO 9000 standard and safe driving practices effects on accident rate in the U.S. motor carrier industry. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 39(4), 731–742. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2006.11.004
  • Newnam, S., Griffin, M., & Mason, C. (2008). Safety in work vehicles: A multilevel study linking safety values and individual predictors to work-related driving crashes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93, 632–644. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.93.3.632
  • Newnam, S., & Oxley, J. (2016). A program in safety management for the occupational driver: Conceptual development and implementation case study. Safety Science, 84, 238–244. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2015.12.020
  • Newnam, S., & Tay, R. (2007). Evaluation of a fleet safety management information system. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 41(1), 39–52. doi: 10.1002/atr.5670410104
  • Newnam, S., & Watson, B. (2011). Work-related driving safety in light vehicle fleets: A review of past research and the development of an intervention framework. Safety Science, 49(3), 369–381. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2010.09.018
  • Newnam, S., Watson, B., & Murray, W. (2004). Factors predicting intentions to speed in a work and personal vehicle. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 7(4–5), 287–300. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2004.09.005
  • Nævestad, T.-O. (2010). Culture, crises and campaigns: Examining the role of safety culture in the management of hazards in a high risk industry (PhD thesis). Oslo: University of Oslo.
  • Nævestad, T.-O. (2016). Hvordan kan myndighetene hjelpe de små transportbedriftene med sikkerhetsstyring? [How can authorities support safety management in small transport businesses?] (TØI rapport 1484/2016). Oslo.
  • Nævestad, T.-O., & Bjørnskau, T. (2012). How can the safety culture perspective be applied to road traffic? Transport Reviews, 32(2), 139–154. doi:10.1080/01441647.2011.628131
  • Nævestad, T.-O., & Bjørnskau, T. (2014). Kartlegging av sikkerhetskultur i tre godstransportbedrifter [Survey of safety culture in three Norwegian haulier companies] (TØI-rapport 1300/2014). Oslo.
  • Nævestad, T. O., & Phillips, R. O. (2013). Trafikkulykker ved kjøring i arbeid-en kartlegging og analyse av medvirkende faktorer [Traffic accidents triggered by drivers at work – A survey and analysis of contributing factors] (TØI rapport 1269/2013). Oslo.
  • Nævestad, T. O., Phillips, R. O., & Elvebakk, B. (2015). Traffic accidents triggered by drivers at work – A survey and analysis of contributing factors. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 34, 94–107. doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2015.07.024
  • Olson, R., Anger, W. K., Wipfli, D. L., & Gray, M. (2009). A new health promotion model for lone workers: Results of the safety & health involvement for truckers (SHIFT) pilot study. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 51(11), 1233–1246. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181c1dc7a
  • OSHA. (2012). Preventing vehicle transport accidents in the workplace. FACTS. Retrieved from: http://www.osha.europa.eu/en/publications/factsheets/16
  • Phillips, R. O., & Meyer, S. F. (2012). Kartlegging av arbeidsrelaterte trafikkulykker. Analyse av dødsulykker i Norge fra 2005 til 2010 [Fatal road accidents involving people at work. An analysis of the situation in Norway from 2005 to 2010] (TØI-rapport 1188/2012). Oslo.
  • Pidgeon, N., & O’Leary, M. (2000). Man-made disasters: Why technology and organizations (sometimes) fail. Safety Science, 34(1–3), 15–30. doi:10.1016/S0925-7535(00)00004-7
  • Reason, J. (1997). Managing the risks of organizational accidents. Aldershot: Ashgate.
  • Sagberg, F., & Bjørnskau, T. (2004). Sovning bak rattet: Medvirkende faktorer, omfang og konsekvenser [Falling asleep at the wheel: Causes and consequences] (TØI rapport, 728, 2004). Oslo.
  • Salminen, S. (2008). Two interventions for the prevention of work-related road accidents. Safety Science, 46, 545–550. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2007.05.007
  • Schein, E. (2004). Organizational culture and leadership (3rd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
  • Steen Jensen R., Bråten, M., Jordfald, B., Dotterud Leiren, M., Nævestad, T.-O., Skollerud, K. H. Tranvik, T. (2014). Arbeidsforhold I gods og turbil. Fafo rapport 2014:58.
  • Symmons, M., & Haworth, N. (2005). Safety attitudes and behaviours in work-related driving. Stage 1. Analysis of crash data. MONASH University Accident Research Center.
  • Thomas, M. J. W. (2012). A systematic review of the effectiveness of safety management systems (No. AR-2011-148). Australian Transport Safety Bureau.
  • Toledo, T., Musicant, O., & Lotant, T. (2008). In-vehicle data recorders for monitoring and feedback on drivers’ behavior. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 16, 320–331. doi: 10.1016/j.trc.2008.01.001
  • Wallington, D., Murray, W., Darby, P., Raeside, R., & Ison, S. (2014). Work-related road safety: Case study of British telecommunications (BT). Transport Policy, 32, 194–202. doi: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2014.01.002
  • Williamson, A., & Friswell, R. (2013). The effect of external non-driving factors, payment type and waiting and queuing on fatigue in long distance trucking. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 58, 26–34. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.04.017
  • Wills, A. R., Watson, B., & Biggs, H. C. (2006). Comparing safety climate factors as predictors of work-related driving behavior. Journal of Safety Research, 37(4), 375–383. doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2006.05.008
  • Wouters, P. I. J., & Bos, J. M. J. (2000). Traffic accident reduction by monitoring driver behaviour with in-car data recorders. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 32(5), 643–650. doi: 10.1016/S0001-4575(99)00095-0
  • Zohar, D. (2002). The effects of leadership dimensions, safety climate, and assigned priorities on minor injuries in work groups. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23, 75–92. doi: 10.1002/job.130