Group B Streptococcus colonisation and their antimicrobial susceptibility among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in tertiary care hospitals in the Western Province of Sri Lanka

References

• Ahmadzia HK, Heine RP. 2014. Diagnosis and management of group B streptococcus in pregnancy. Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America 41:629–647.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alfa MJ, Sepehri S, De Gagne P, Helawa M, Sandhu G, Harding GK. 2010. Real-time PCR assay provides reliable assessment of intrapartum carriage of group B Streptococcus. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 48:3095–3099.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Committee on Obstetric Practice. 2011. ACOG committee opinion No 485: prevention of early-onset group B streptococcal disease in newborns. Obstetrics and Gynecology 117:1019–1027.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Carrillo-Avila JA, Gutierrez-Fernandez J, Gonzalez-Espin AI, Garcia-Trivino E, Gimenez-Lirola LG. 2018. Comparison of qPCR and culture methods for group B Streptococcus colonization detection in pregnant women: evaluation of a new qPCR assay. BMC Infectious Diseases 18:305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Castellano-Filho DS, Silva VLD, Nascimento TC, Vieira MDT, Diniz CG. 2010. Detection of group B Streptococcus in Brazilian pregnant women and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 41:1047–1055.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chan GJ, Lee AC, Baqui AH, Tan J, Black RE. 2013. Risk of early-onset neonatal infection with maternal infection or colonization: a global systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Medicine 10:e1001502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaudhry BY, Akhtar N, Balouch AH. 2010. Vaginal carriage rate of group B Streptococcus in pregnant women and its transmission to neonates. Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad: JAMC 22:167–170.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Clarke C, O’Connor L, Carre-Skinner H, Piepenburg O, Smith TJ. 2016. Development and performance evaluation of a recombinase polymerase amplification assay for the rapid detection of group B streptococcus. BMC Microbiology 16:221.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• CLSI. 2018. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. CLSI Supplement M100. 28th ed. Wayne (PA): Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Darabi R, Tadi S, Mohit M, Sadeghi E, Hatamizadeh G, Kardeh B, et al. 2017. The prevalence and risk factors of group B streptococcus colonization in Iranian pregnant women. Electronic Physician 9:4399–4404.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Daramroodi AK, Keshavarzi F. 2018. The investigation of antibiotic resistance and rapid detection of group B Streptococcus (Bca) from vaginal specimens of pregnant women by colony PCR method. Journal of Basic Research in Medical Sciences 5:27–32.
   Google Scholar
• Dissanayake BN, Herath GC, Gamage TM. 2015. Group B streptococcus colonization in pregnancy. Sri Lankan Journal of Infectious Diseases 5:13.
   Google Scholar
• Dzowela T, Komolafe OO, Igbigbi A. 2005. Prevalence of group B Streptococcus colonization in antenatal women at the Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre – a preliminary study. Malawi Medical Journal 17:97–99.
   Google Scholar
• El Aila NA, Tency I, Claeys G, Saerens B, Cools P, Verstraelen H, et al. 2010. Comparison of different sampling techniques and of different culture methods for detection of group B streptococcus carriage in pregnant women. BMC Infectious Diseases 10:285.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandopulle RC, Fernando SN, Peellawattage MK, Malluwawadu GN. 2006. Proportion of group B Streptococcus carriage and their antibiotic sensitivity in pregnant mothers attending an antenatal clinic. Sri Lanka Medical Association 119th Annual Scientific Session Abstract Book; 2006 Mar 23–25; Colombo, Sri Lanka. p. 36.
   Google Scholar
• Gibbs RS, Schrag S, Schuchat A. 2004. Perinatal infections due to group B streptococci. Obstetrics & Gynecology 104:1062–1076.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goudarzi G, Ghafarzadeh M, Shakib P, Anbari K. 2015. Culture and real-time PCR based maternal screening and antibiotic susceptibility for group B Streptococcus: an Iranian experience. Global Journal of Health Science 7:233.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kim EJ, Oh KY, Kim MY, Seo YS, Shin JH, Song YR, Ki M. 2011. Risk factors for group B streptococcus colonization among pregnant women in Korea. Epidemiology and Health 33:e2011010.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kulkarni AA, Pawar SG, Dharmadhikari CA, Kulkarni RD. 2001. Colonization of pregnant women and their newborn infants with group-B streptococci. Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 19:1–4.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kwatra G, Cunnington MC, Merrall E, Adrian PV, Ip M, Klugman KP, et al. 2016. Prevalence of maternal colonisation with group B streptococcus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet. Infectious Diseases 16:1076–1084.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munir SI, Waheed K, Khanum A, Iqbal R, Eusaph AZ, Hanif A. 2016. Frequency of group B Streptococci in pregnant women in a tertiary care hospital. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons - Pakistan 26:27–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nwachukwu N, Utsalo S, Kanu I, Anyanwu E. 2007. Genital colonization of group B streptococcus at term pregnancy in Calabar, Nigeria. The Internet Journal of Pediatrics and Neonatology 7:1–4.
   Google Scholar
• Orrett FA. 2003. Colonization with group B streptococci in pregnancy and outcome of infected neonates in Trinidad. Pediatrics International 45:319–323.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pidwill GR, Rego S, Jenkinson HF, Lamont RJ, Nobbs AH. 2018. Coassociation between group B Streptococcus and Candida albicans promotes interactions with vaginal epithelium. Infection and Immunity 86:e00669–00617.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russell NJ, Seale AC, O’Driscoll M, O’Sullivan C, Bianchi-Jassir F, Gonzalez-Guarin J, et al. 2017. Maternal colonization with group B Streptococcus and serotype distribution worldwide: systematic review and meta-analyses. Clinical Infectious Diseases 65:S100–S111.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saha SK, Ahmed ZB, Modak JK, Naziat H, Saha S, Uddin MA, et al. 2017. Group B Streptococcus among pregnant women and newborns in Mirzapur, Bangladesh: colonization, vertical transmission, and serotype distribution. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 55:2406–2412.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharmila V, Joseph NM, Arun Babu T, Chaturvedula L, Sistla S. 2011. Genital tract group B streptococcal colonization in pregnant women: a South Indian perspective. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 5:592–595.
   Google Scholar
• Silbert S, Rocchetti TT, Gostnell A, Kubasek C, Widen R. 2016. Detection of group B Streptococcus directly from collected ESwab samples by use of the BD Max GBS assay. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 54:1660–1663.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spong CY, Berghella V, Wenstrom KD, Mercer BM, Saade GR. 2012. Preventing the first cesarean delivery: summary of a joint Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists Workshop. Obstetrics & Gynecology 120:1181–1193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tam T, Bilinski E, Lombard E. 2012. Recolonization of group B Streptococcus (GBS) in women with prior GBS genital colonization in pregnancy. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 25:1987–1989.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verani JR, McGee L, Schrag SJ. 2010. Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease – revised guildelines from CDC. MMWR Recommendations and Reports 59:1–36.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wernecke M, Mullen C, Sharma V, Morrison J, Barry T, Maher M, Smith T. 2009. Evaluation of a novel real-time PCR test based on the ssrA gene for the identification of group B streptococci in vaginal swabs. BMC Infectious Diseases 9:148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar