The use of 3D ultrasound in comparing surgical techniques for posterior wall prolapse repair: a pilot randomised controlled trial

References

• Abramov Y, Gandhi S, Goldberg RP, Botros SM, Kwon C, Sand PK. 2005. Site-specific rectocele repair compared with standard posterior colporrhaphy. Obstetrics and Gynecology 105:314–318.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Athanasiou S, Chaliha C, Toozs-Hobson P, Salvatore S, Khullar V, Cardozo L. 2007. Direct imaging of the pelvic floor muscles using two-dimensional ultrasound: a comparison of women with urogenital prolapse versus controls. BJOG 114:882–888.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barry CDH, Lim Y, Rane A. 2006. A short-term independent audit of mesh repair for the treatment of rectocele in women, using 3-dimensional volume ultrasound: a pilot study. Aust NZ Continence J 12:94–99.
   Google Scholar
• Bland JM, Altman DG. 1986. Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement. The Lancet 327:307–310.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braekken IH, Majida M, Ellstrom-Engh M, Dietz HP, Umek W, Bo K. 2008. Test-retest and intra-observer repeatability of two-, three- and four-dimensional perineal ultrasound of pelvic floor muscle anatomy and function. International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 19:227–235.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cardozo LSD. 2001. Textbook of female urology and urogynaecology. London, UK: Isis Medical Media.
   Google Scholar
• Cundiff GW, Weidner AC, Visco AG, Addison WA, Bump RC. 1998. An anatomic and functional assessment of the discrete defect rectocele repair. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 179:1451–1456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Delancey JO, Hurd WW. 1998. Size of the urogenital hiatus in the levator ani muscles in normal women and women with pelvic organ prolapse. Obstetrics and Gynecology 91:364–368.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietz HP, Steensma AB. 2006. The prevalence of major abnormalities of the levator ani in urogynaecological patients. BJOG 113:225–230.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietz HP. 2011. Can the rectovaginal septum be visualized by transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound? Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 37:348–352.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietz HP. 2019. Ultrasound in the assessment of pelvic organ prolapse. Best Practice and Research. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology 54:12–30.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietz HP, Bhalla R, Chantarasorn V, Shek KL. 2011. Avulsion of the puborectalis muscle is associated with asymmetry of the levator hiatus. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 37:723–726.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietz HP, Shek C, Clarke B. 2005. Biometry of the pubovisceral muscle and levator hiatus by three-dimensional pelvic floor ultrasound. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 25:580–585.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Digesu GA, Khullar V, Cardozo L, Robinson D, Salvatore S. 2005. P-QOL: a validated questionnaire to assess the symptoms and quality of life of women with urogenital prolapse. International Urogynecology Journal 16:176–181.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Francis WJ, Jeffcoate TN. 1961. Dyspareunia following vaginal operations. The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the British Commonwealth 68:1–10.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Guzman Rojas R, Kamisan Atan I, Shek KL, Dietz HP. 2016. The prevalence of abnormal posterior compartment anatomy and its association with obstructed defecation symptoms in urogynecological patients. International Urogynecology Journal 27:939–944.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson SR, Avery NC, Tarlton JF, Eckford SD, Abrams P, Bailey AJ. 1996. Changes in metabolism of collagen in genitourinary prolapse. Lancet (London, England) 347:1658–1661.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahn MA, Stanton SL. 1997. Posterior colporrhaphy: its effects on bowel and sexual function. British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 104:82–86.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kenton K, Shott S, Brubaker L. 1999. Outcome after rectovaginal fascia reattachment for rectocele repair. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 181:1360–1363.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maher C, Baessler K. 2006. Surgical management of posterior vaginal wall prolapse: an evidence-based literature review. International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 17:84–88.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maher CF, Qatawneh AM, Baessler K, Schluter PJ. 2004. Midline rectovaginal fascial plication for repair of rectocele and obstructed defecation. Obstetrics and Gynecology 104:685–689.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Model AN, Shek KL, Dietz HP. 2010. Levator defects are associated with prolapse after pelvic floor surgery. European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology 153:220–223.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nieminen K, Hiltunen KM, Laitinen J, Oksala J, Heinonen PK. 2004. Transanal or vaginal approach to rectocele repair: a prospective, randomized pilot study. Diseases of the Colon and Rectum 47:1636–1642.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsen AL, Smith VJ, Bergstrom JO, Colling JC, Clark AL. 1997. Epidemiology of surgically managed pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence. Obstetrics and Gynecology 89:501–506.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paraiso MF, Barber MD, Muir TW, Walters MD. 2006. Rectocele repair: a randomized trial of three surgical techniques including graft augmentation. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 195:1762–1771.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porter WE, Steele A, Walsh P, Kohli N, Karram MM. 1999. The anatomic and functional outcomes of defect-specific rectocele repairs. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 181:1353–1358. 8; discussion 9.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson D, Wadsworth S, Cardozo L, Bidmead J, Balmforth J. 2003. Fascial posterior colpoperineorrhaphy: a five year follow- up study. Journal of Pelvic Medicine and Surgery 9:279–283.
   Google Scholar
• Schulz KF, Altman DG, Moher D, Group C. 2010. CONSORT 2010 Statement: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomized. Open Medicine 4:e60-8–e68.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Walters MD, Mickey M. 2014. Chapter 24: Surgical treatment of rectocele and perineal defects. Karram Urogynecology and reconstructive pelvic surgery. 4th edition, 342–359.
   Google Scholar