The utility of foetal splenic artery Doppler measurement in the diagnosis of late-onset foetal growth restriction

References

• Abuhamad AZ, Mari G, Bogdan D, Evans AT. 1995. Doppler flow velocimetry of the splenic artery in the human fetus: is it a marker of chronic hypoxia? American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 172:820–825.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Acharya G, Ebbing C, Karlsen HO, Kiserud T, Rasmussen S. 2020. Sex-specific reference ranges of cerebroplacental and umbilicocerebral ratios: longitudinal study. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 56:187–195.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akolekar R, Ciobanu A, Zingler E, Syngelaki A, Nicolaides KH. 2019. Routine assessment of cerebroplacental ratio at 35–37 weeks’ gestation in the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 221:65.e1–65.e18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bahado-Singh R, Oz U, Deren O, Kovanchi E, Hsu C, Copel J, Mari G. 2000. Splenic artery Doppler peak systolic velocity predicts severe fetal anemia in rhesus disease. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 182:1222–1226.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhide A, Acharya G, Bilardo C, Brezinka C, Cafici D, Hernandez-Andrade E, et al. 2013. ISUOG Practice Guidelines: use of Doppler ultrasonography in obstetrics. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 41:233–239.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bonnevier A, Maršál K, Brodszki J, Thuring A, Källén K. 2021. Cerebroplacental ratio as predictor of adverse perinatal outcome in the third trimester. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 100:497–503.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capponi A, Rizzo G, Arduini D, Romanini C. 1997. Splenic artery velocity waveforms in small-for-gestational-age fetuses: relationship with pH and blood gases measured in umbilical blood at cordocentesis. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 176:300–307.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciobanu A, Wright A, Syngelaki A, Wright D, Akolekar R, Nicolaides KH. 2019. Fetal Medicine Foundation reference ranges for umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery pulsatility index and cerebroplacental ratio. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 53:465–472.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conde‐Agudelo A, Villar J, Kennedy SH, Papageorghiou AT. 2018. Predictive accuracy of cerebroplacental ratio for adverse perinatal and neurodevelopmental outcomes in suspected fetal growth restriction: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 52:430–441.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Correa M Jr, Castro M, Cabral A, Apocalypse I, Leite H. 2009. Influence of fetal anemia on fetal splenic artery Doppler in Rh-alloimmunized pregnancies. Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy 25:3–7.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crovetto F, Crispi F, Scazzocchio E, Mercade I, Meler E, Figueras F, Gratacos E. 2014. First‐trimester screening for early and late small‐for‐gestational‐age neonates using maternal serum biochemistry, blood pressure and uterine artery Doppler. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 43:34–40.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cumano A, Godin I. 2007. Ontogeny of the hematopoietic system. Annual Review of Immunology 25:745–785.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devore GR. 2015. The importance of the cerebroplacental ratio in the evaluation of fetal well-being in SGA and AGA fetuses. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 213:5–15.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebbing C, Rasmussen S, Kiserud T. 2007. Middle cerebral artery blood flow velocities and pulsatility index and the cerebroplacental pulsatility ratio: longitudinal reference ranges and terms for serial measurements. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 30:287–296.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebbing C, Rasmussen S, Godfrey K, Hanson M, Kiserud T. 2008. Fetal celiac and splenic artery flow velocity and pulsatility index: longitudinal reference ranges and evidence for vasodilation at a low portocaval pressure gradient. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 32:663–672.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Figueras F, Gratacós E. 2014. Update on the diagnosis and classification of fetal growth restriction and proposal of a stage-based management protocol. Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy 36:86–98.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Figueras F, Savchev S, Triunfo S, Crovetto F, Gratacos E. 2015. An integrated model with classification criteria to predict small‐for‐gestational‐age fetuses at risk of adverse perinatal outcome. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 45:279–285.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flenady V, Wojcieszek AM, Middleton P, Ellwood D, Erwich JJ, Coory M, et al. 2016. Stillbirths: recall to action in high-income countries. The Lancet 387:691–702.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia‐Manau P, Mendoza M, Bonacina E, Garrido‐Gimenez C, Fernandez‐Oliva A, Zanini J, et al. 2021. Soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase to placental growth factor ratio in different stages of early‐onset fetal growth restriction and small for gestational age. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 100:119–128.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gordijn S, Beune I, Thilaganathan B, Papageorghiou A, Baschat A, Baker P, et al. 2016. Consensus definition of fetal growth restriction: a Delphi procedure. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 48:333–339.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hadlock FP, Harrist R, Sharman RS, Deter RL, Park SK. 1985. Estimation of fetal weight with the use of head, body, and femur measurements—a prospective study. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 151:333–337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayashi Y, Sezaki M, Takizawa H. 2019. Development of the hematopoietic system: role of inflammatory factors. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology 8:e341.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalafat E, Khalil A. 2018. Clinical significance of cerebroplacental ratio. Current Opinion in Obstetrics and Gynecology 30:344–354.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khalil A, Morales-Rosello J, Khan N, Nath M, Agarwal P, Bhide A, et al. 2017. Is cerebroplacental ratio a marker of impaired fetal growth velocity and adverse pregnancy outcome? American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 216:606.e1–606.e10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lees C, Stampalija T, Baschat A, Da Silva Costa F, Ferrazzi E, Figueras F, et al. 2020. ISUOG Practice Guidelines: diagnosis and management of small-for-gestational-age fetus and fetal growth restriction. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 56:298–312.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mari G, Abuhamad A, Uerpairojkit B, Martinez E, Copel J. 1995. Blood flow velocity waveforms of the abdominal arteries in appropriate- and small-for-gestational-age fetuses. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 6:15–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monteith C, Flood K, Mullers S, Unterscheider J, Breathnach F, Daly S, et al. 2017. Evaluation of normalization of cerebro-placental ratio as a potential predictor for adverse outcome in SGA fetuses. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 216:285.e1–285.e6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nanjo S, Minami S, Mizoguchi M, Yamamoto M, Yahata T, Toujima S, et al. 2017. Levels of serum-circulating angiogenic factors within 1 week prior to delivery are closely related to conditions of pregnant women with pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, and/or fetal growth restriction. The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research 43:1805–1814.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nohuz E, Riviere O, Coste K, Vendittelli F. 2020. Prenatal identification of small‐for‐gestational age and risk of neonatal morbidity and stillbirth. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 55:621–628.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. 2019. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 204: fetal growth restriction. Obstetrics and Gynecology 133:e97–e109.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. 2013. Small for gestational age fetus: investigation and management. (Green-Top Guideline no.31). London: RCOG.
   Google Scholar
• Oros D, Figueras F, Cruz‐Martinez R, Meler E, Munmany M, Gratacos E. 2011. Longitudinal changes in uterine, umbilical and fetal cerebral Doppler indices in late-onset small-for-gestational age fetuses. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 37:191–195.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parra-Saavedra M, Crovetto F, Triunfo S, Savchev S, Peguero A, Nadal A, et al. 2013. Placental findings in late-onset SGA births without Doppler signs of placental insufficiency. Placenta 34:1136–1141.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prodan N, Sonek J, Wagner P, Hoopmann M, Abele H, Hamprecht K, Kagan KO. 2019. Splenic artery blood flow as a potential marker for materno-fetal transmission of a primary CMV infection. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 299:1289–1294.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Resnik R. 2002. Intrauterine growth restriction. Obstetrics and Gynecology 99:490–496.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rial-Crestelo M, Martinez-Portilla R, Cancemi A, Caradeux J, Fernandez L, Peguero A, et al. 2019. Added value of cerebro-placental ratio and uterine artery Doppler at routine third trimester screening as a predictor of SGA and FGR in non-selected pregnancies. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 32:2554–2560.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rurak D, Richardson BS, Patrick JE, Carmichael L, Homan J. 1990. Blood flow and oxygen delivery to fetal organs and tissues during sustained hypoxemia. The American Journal of Physiology 258:R1116–R1122.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Salomon L, Alfirevic Z, Da Silva Costa F, Deter R, Figueras F, Ghi T, et al. 2019. ISUOG Practice Guidelines: ultrasound assessment of fetal biometry and growth. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 53:715–723.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sørensen A, Pedersen M, Tietze A, Ottosen L, Duus L, Uldbjerg N. 2009. BOLD MRI in sheep fetuses: a non-invasive method for measuring changes in tissue oxygenation. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 34:687–692.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tongsong T, Tongprasert F, Srisupundit K, Luewan S. 2009. High fetal splenic artery peak velocity in fetuses with hemoglobin Bart disease: a preliminary study. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 28:13–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tongsong T, Tongprasert F, Srisupundit K, Luewan S. 2010. Splenic artery: peak systolic velocity of normal fetuses. Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 281:829–832.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vergani P, Andreotti C, Roncaglia N, Zani G, Pozzi E, Pezzullo JC, Ghidini A. 2003. Doppler predictors of adverse neonatal outcome in the growth restricted fetus at 34 weeks' gestation or beyond. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 189:1007–1011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar