3,183
Views
6
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Exploring people’s perceptions and support of data-driven technology in times of COVID-19: the role of trust, risk, and privacy concerns

ORCID Icon, , & ORCID Icon
Pages 2049-2060 | Received 03 Mar 2021, Accepted 18 Dec 2021, Published online: 18 Jan 2022

References

  • Abuhammad, S., O. F. Khabour, and K. H. Alzoubi. 2020. “COVID-19 Contact-Tracing Technology: Acceptability and Ethical Issues of Use.” Patient Preference and Adherence 14: 1639–1647. doi:10.2147/PPA.S276183.
  • Albrecht, R., J. B. Jarecki, D. S. Meier, and J. Rieskamp. 2021. “Risk Preferences and Risk Perception Affect the Acceptance of Digital Contact Tracing.” Humanities and Social Sciences Communications 8 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1057/s41599-021-00856-0.
  • Altmann, S., L. Milsom, H. Zillessen, R. Blasone, F. Gerdon, R. Bach, F. Kreuter, D. Nosenzo, S. Toussaert, and J. Abeler. 2020. “Acceptability of App-Based Contact Tracing for COVID-19: Cross-Country Survey Study.” JMIR MHealth and UHealth 8 (8): e19857. doi:10.2196/19857.
  • Baier, A. 1986. “Trust and Antitrust.” Ethics 96: 231–260.
  • Bansal, G., F. M. Zahedi, and D. Gefen. 2010. “The Impact of Personal Dispositions on Information Sensitivity, Privacy Concern and Trust in Disclosing Health Information Online.” Decision Support Systems 49 (2): 138–150. doi:10.1016/j.dss.2010.01.010.
  • Bauer, P. C. 2014. “Conceptualizing and Measuring Trust and Trustworthiness.” Committee on Concepts and Methods Working Paper Series 61: 1–27.
  • Bélanger, F., and L. Carter. 2008. “Trust and Risk in e-Government Adoption.” The Journal of Strategic Information Systems 17 (2): 165–176. doi:10.1016/j.jsis.2007.12.002.
  • Beldad, A., M. de Jong, and M. Steehouder. 2011. “I Trust Not Therefore It Must be Risky: Determinants of the Perceived Risks of Disclosing Personal Data for e-Government Transactions.” Computers in Human Behavior 27 (6): 2233–2242. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2011.07.002.
  • Bengio, Y., R. Janda, Y. W. Yu, D. Ippolito, M. Jarvie, D. Pilat, B. Struck, S. Krastev, and A. Sharma. 2020. “The Need for Privacy with Public Digital Contact Tracing During the COVID-19 Pandemic.” The Lancet Digital Health 2 (7): e342–e344. doi:10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30133-3.
  • Brandtzæg, P. B., J. Heim, and A. Karahasanović. 2011. “Understanding the New Digital Divide—A Typology of Internet Users in Europe.” International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 69 (3): 123–138. doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2010.11.004.
  • Budd, J., B. S. Miller, E. M. Manning, V. Lampos, M. Zhuang, M. Edelstein, G. Rees, et al. 2020. “Digital Technologies in the Public-Health Response to COVID-19.” Nature Medicine 26 (8): 1183–1192. doi:10.1038/s41591-020-1011-4.
  • Chan, E. Y., and N. U. Saqib. 2021. “Privacy Concerns Can Explain Unwillingness to Download and use Contact Tracing Apps When COVID-19 Concerns are High.” Computers in Human Behavior 119: 106718. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2021.106718.
  • Charrad, M., N. Ghazzali, V. Boiteau, and A. Niknafs. 2014. “NbClust: An R Package for Determining the Relevant Number of Clusters in a Data Set.” Journal of Statistical Software 61 (6). doi:10.18637/jss.v061.i06.
  • Chen, H.-T., and W. Chen. 2015. “Couldn’t or Wouldn’t? The Influence of Privacy Concerns and Self-Efficacy in Privacy Management on Privacy Protection.” Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking 18 (1): 13–19. doi:10.1089/cyber.2014.0456.
  • Christensen, T., and P. Lægreid. 2020. “Balancing Governance Capacity and Legitimacy: How the Norwegian Government Handled the COVID-19 Crisis as a High Performer.” Public Administration Review. doi:10.1111/puar.13241.
  • Coleman, J. S. 1990. Foundations of Social Theory. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
  • Cornish, R. 2007. “Statistics: cluster analysis.” Mathematics Learning Support Centre: 1–5.
  • Council of Europe. 2020. AI and Control of Covid-19 Coronavirus. Artificial Intelligence. https://www.coe.int/en/web/artificial-intelligence/ai-and-control-of-covid-19-coronavirus.
  • Craglia, M., S. de Nigris, E. Gómez-González, E. Gómez, B. Martens, M. Iglesias, M. Vespe, et al. 2020. Artificial Intelligence and Digital Transformation: Early Lessons from the COVID-19 Crisis. https://op.europa.eu/publication/manifestation_identifier/PUB_KJNA30306ENN.
  • Culnan, M. J., and R. J. Bies. 2003. “Consumer Privacy: Balancing Economic and Justice Considerations.” Journal of Social Issues 59 (2): 323–342. doi:10.1111/1540-4560.00067.
  • de Vries, C., and M. Steenbergen. 2013. “Variable Opinions: The Predictability of Support for Unification in European Mass Publics.” Journal of Political Marketing 12 (1): 121–141. doi:10.1080/15377857.2013.752654.
  • Dowling, G. R., and R. Staelin. 1994. “A Model of Perceived Risk and Intended Risk-Handling Activity.” Journal of Consumer Research 21 (1): 119. https://doi.org/10.1086/jcr.1994.21.issue-1.
  • Dunfee, T. W., N. C. Smith, and W. T. Ross. 1999. “Social Contracts and Marketing Ethics.” Journal of Marketing 63 (3): 14–32. doi:10.1177/002224299906300302.
  • Economides, N. 2018. “The Theory of Social Contract and Legitimacy Today.” Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 9 (5): 19.
  • European Commission. 2020. JRC to Release AI Tech for Coronavirus Fact-Checkers. EU Science Hub - European Commission, June 10. https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/news/jrc-release-ai-tech-coronavirus-fact-checkers.
  • Foa, R. S., A. Klassen, D. Wenger, A. Rand, and M. Slade. 2020. Youth and Satisfaction with Democracy: Reversing the Democratic Disconnect? Centre for the Future of Democracy.
  • Fogel, J., and E. Nehmad. 2009. “Internet Social Network Communities: Risk Taking, Trust, and Privacy Concerns.” Computers in Human Behavior 25 (1): 153–160. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2008.08.006.
  • French, M., and T. Monahan. 2020. “Dis-ease Surveillance: How Might Surveillance Studies Address COVID-19?” Surveillance & Society 18 (1): 1–11. doi:10.24908/ss.v18i1.13985.
  • Gasser, U., M. Ienca, J. Scheibner, J. Sleigh, and E. Vayena. 2020. “Digital Tools Against COVID-19: Taxonomy, Ethical Challenges, and Navigation aid.” The Lancet Digital Health 2 (8): e425–e434. doi:10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30137-0.
  • Halperin, R., and Y. Dror. 2016. “Information Privacy and the Digital Generation gap: An Exploratory Study.” Journal of Information Privacy and Security 12 (4): 166–180. doi:10.1080/15536548.2016.1243852.
  • Jain, A. K. 2010. “Data Clustering: 50 Years Beyond K-Means.” Pattern Recognition Letters 31 (8): 651–666. doi:10.1016/j.patrec.2009.09.011.
  • Kalliopi, A. D. 2016. “Privacy Decision-Making in the Digital Era.” Doctoral thesis, University of the Aegean.
  • Kassambara, A., and F. Mundt. 2016. R-package ‘factoextra: Extract and Visualize the Results of Multivariate Data Analyses. https://cran.microsoft.com/snapshot/2016-11-30/web/packages/factoextra/factoextra.pdf.
  • Kodinariya, T. M., and P. R. Makwana. 2013. “Review on Determining Number of Cluster in K-Means Clustering.” Nternational Journal of Advance Research in Computer Science and Management Studies 1 (6): 7.
  • Kosterink, S. J.-, M. Hurmuz, M. den Ouden, and L. van Velsen. 2020. “Predictors to use Mobile Apps for Monitoring COVID-19 Symptoms and Contact Tracing: A Survey among Dutch Citizens.” JMIR Formative Research. doi:10.1101/2020.06.02.20113423.
  • Kruikemeier, S., S. C. Boerman, and N. Bol. 2020. “Breaching the Contract? Using Social Contract Theory to Explain Individuals’ Online Behavior to Safeguard Privacy.” Media Psychology 23 (2): 269–292. doi:10.1080/15213269.2019.1598434.
  • Lewandowsky, S., S. Dennis, A. Perfors, Y. Kashima, J. P. White, P. Garrett, D. R. Little, and M. Yesilada. 2021. “Public Acceptance of Privacy-Encroaching Policies to Address the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United Kingdom.” PLOS ONE 16 (1): e0245740. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0245740.
  • Liu, K., Y. Chen, R. Lin, and K. Han. 2020. “Clinical Features of COVID-19 in Elderly Patients: A Comparison with Young and Middle-Aged Patients.” Journal of Infection 80 (6): e14–e18. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.005.
  • Malhotra, N. K., S. S. Kim, and J. Agarwal. 2004. “Internet Users’ Information Privacy Concerns (IUIPC): The Construct, the Scale, and a Causal Model.” Information Systems Research 15 (4): 336–355. doi:10.1287/isre.1040.0032.
  • Martin, K. E. 2012. “Diminished or Just Different? A Factorial Vignette Study of Privacy as a Social Contract.” Journal of Business Ethics 111 (4): 519–539. doi:10.1007/s10551-012-1215-8.
  • Martin, K. E. 2016. “Understanding Privacy Online: Development of a Social Contract Approach to Privacy.” Journal of Business Ethics 137 (3): 551–569. doi:10.1007/s10551-015-2565-9.
  • McDonald, S. M. 2020. “Technology Theatre and Seizure.” In Data Justice and COVID-19: Global Perspectives, edited by L. Taylor, G. Sharma, A. Martin, and S. Jameson, 20–27. London: Meatspace Press.
  • Moon, Y. 2002. “Personalization and Personality: Some Effects of Customizing Message Style Based on Consumer Personality.” Journal of Consumer Psychology 12 (4): 313–325. doi:10.1016/S1057-7408(16)30083-3.
  • Nam, T. 2019. “What Determines the Acceptance of Government Surveillance? Examining the Influence of Information Privacy Correlates.” The Social Science Journal 56 (4): 530–544. doi:10.1016/j.soscij.2018.10.001.
  • Nissenbaum, H. F. 2010. Privacy in Context: Technology, Policy, and the Integrity of Social Life. Stanford, California: Stanford Law Books.
  • Okazaki, S., H. Li, and M. Hirose. 2009. “Consumer Privacy Concerns and Preference for Degree of Regulatory Control.” Journal of Advertising 38 (4): 63–77. doi:10.2753/JOA0091-3367380405.
  • Oldeweme, A., J. Märtins, D. Westmattelmann, and G. Schewe. 2021. “The Role of Transparency, Trust, and Social Influence on Uncertainty Reduction in Times of Pandemics: Empirical Study on the Adoption of COVID-19 Tracing Apps.” Journal of Medical Internet Research 23 (2): e25893. doi:10.2196/25893.
  • Pavone, V., and S. D. Esposti. 2012. “Public Assessment of New Surveillance-Oriented Security Technologies: Beyond the Trade-off Between Privacy and Security.” Public Understanding of Science 21 (5): 556–572. doi:10.1177/0963662510376886.
  • Pham, D. T., S. S. Dimov, and C. D. Nguyen. 2005. “Selection of K in K-Means Clustering.” Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 219 (1): 103–119. doi:10.1243/095440605X8298.
  • Quan-Haase, A., and D. Ho. 2020. “Online Privacy Concerns and Privacy Protection Strategies among Older Adults in East York, Canada.” Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology 71 (9): 1089–1102. doi:10.1002/asi.24364.
  • Ramelet, L. 2021. “A Contractual Justification for Strong Measures Against COVID-19.” Public Philosophy Journal 3: 1.
  • Ray, S., and R. H. Turi. 1999. “Determination of Number of Clusters in K-Means Clustering and Application in Colour Image Segmentation”. Proceedings of the 4th international conference on advances in pattern recognition and digital techniques: 137–143.
  • Razavi, S., C. Behrendt, M. Bierbaum, I. Orton, and L. Tessier. 2020. “Reinvigorating the Social Contract and Strengthening Social Cohesion: Social Protection Responses to COVID-19.” International Social Security Review 73 (3): 55–80. doi:10.1111/issr.12245.
  • Redmiles, E. M. 2021. “User Concerns 8 Tradeoffs in Technology-Facilitated COVID-19 Response.” Digital Government: Research and Practice 2 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1145/3428093.
  • Rogstad, I. D. 2014. “Political News Journalists in Social Media: Transforming Political Reporters Into Political Pundits?” Journalism Practice 8 (6): 688–703. doi:10.1080/17512786.2013.865965.
  • Rousseeuw, P. J. 1987. “Silhouettes: A Graphical aid to the Interpretation and Validation of Cluster Analysis.” Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 20: 53–65. doi:10.1016/0377-0427(87)90125-7.
  • Sheehan, K. B. 2002. “Toward a Typology of Internet Users and Online Privacy Concerns.” The Information Society 18 (1): 21–32. doi:10.1080/01972240252818207.
  • Tang, Z., J. Y. Hu, and M. D. Smith. 2008. “Gaining Trust Through Online Privacy Protection: Self-Regulation, Mandatory Standards, or Caveat Emptor.” Journal of Management Information Systems 24 (4): 153–173. doi:10.2753/MIS0742-1222240406.
  • Thompson, N., T. McGill, A. Bunn, and R. Alexander. 2020. “Cultural Factors and the Role of Privacy Concerns in Acceptance of Government Surveillance.” Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology 71 (9): 1129–1142. doi:10.1002/asi.24372.
  • Tibshirani, R., G. Walther, and T. Hastie. 2001. “Estimating the Number of Clusters in a Data Set via the gap Statistic.” Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Statistical Methodology) 63 (2): 411–423. doi:10.1111/1467-9868.00293.
  • UN. 2020. Digital Technologies Critical in Facing COVID-19 Pandemic. UN DESA. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, April 15. https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/policy/digital-technologies-critical-in-facing-covid-19-pandemic.html.
  • Van den Broeck, E., K. Poels, and M. Walrave. 2015. “Older and Wiser? Facebook Use, Privacy Concern, and Privacy Protection in the Life Stages of Emerging, Young, and Middle Adulthood.” Social Media + Society 1 (2). doi:10.1177/2056305115616149.
  • Voigt, S. 2021. “Contracting for Catastrophe: Legitimizing Emergency Constitutions by Drawing on Social Contract Theory.” Res Publica (Liverpool, England), doi:10.1007/s11158-021-09518-z.
  • Warkentin, M., D. Gefen, P. A. Pavlou, and G. M. Rose. 2002. “Encouraging Citizen Adoption of e-Government by Building Trust.” Electronic Markets 12 (3): 157–162. doi:10.1080/101967802320245929.
  • Whitelaw, S., M. A. Mamas, E. Topol, and H. G. C. Van Spall. 2020. “Applications of Digital Technology in COVID-19 Pandemic Planning and Response.” The Lancet Digital Health 2 (8): e435–e440. doi:10.1016/S2589-7500(20)30142-4.
  • WHO. 2020. Ethical Considerations to Guide the Use of Digital Proximity Tracking Technologies for COVID-19 Contact Tracing. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/WHO-2019-nCoV-Ethics_Contact_tracing_apps-2020.1.
  • Xu, F., K. Michael, and X. Chen. 2013. “Factors Affecting Privacy Disclosure on Social Network Sites: An Integrated Model.” Electronic Commerce Research 13 (2): 151–168. doi:10.1007/s10660-013-9111-6.
  • Youn, S. 2009. “Determinants of Online Privacy Concern and Its Influence on Privacy Protection Behaviors Among Young Adolescents.” Journal of Consumer Affairs 43 (3): 389–418. doi:10.1111/j.1745-6606.2009.01146.x.
  • Zhang, B., S. Kreps, N. McMurry, and R. M. McCain. 2020. “Americans’ Perceptions of Privacy and Surveillance in the COVID-19 Pandemic.” PLOS ONE 15 (12): e0242652. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0242652.
  • Zivin, J. G., and N. Sanders. 2020. “The Spread of COVID-19 Shows the Importance of Policy Coordination.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117 (52): 32842–32844. doi:10.1073/pnas.2022897117.