529
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original

Nursing Care of Children after a Traumatic Incident

, PhD , RN , BScNEd , MSc
Pages 15-28 | Received 17 Jan 2007, Accepted 13 Mar 2007, Published online: 10 Jul 2009

REFERENCES

  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 4th ed., text revision. Author, Washington, DC 2000
  • Anderson T., DeCarlo A., Voisin D., Bell C. Trauma and violence in childhood: A U.S. perspective. Psychiatric Times 2003; 20(10)91
  • Antai-Otong D. Psychiatric nursing, biological and behavioral concepts. Thompson Delmar Learning, Dallas, TX 2003
  • Bolger K. E., Patterson C. J., Kupersmidt J. B. Peer relationships and self-esteem among children who have been maltreated. Child Development 1998; 69: 1171–1197
  • Bremner J. D., Narayan M., Staib L. H., Southwick S. M., McGlashan T., Charney D. S. Neural correlates of memories of childhood sexual abuse in women with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 1999; 156: 1787–1795
  • Bremner J. D., Southwick S. M., Johnson D. J., Yehuda R., Charney D. S. Childhood physical abuse and combat related post traumatic stress disorder in Vietnam veterans. American Journal of Psychiatry 1993; 150: 235–239
  • Campbell J. A celebration of nursing research on violence. Canadian Journal of Nursing Research 2001; 32(4)3–9
  • Diaz A., Simatov E., Rickert V. I. The independent and combined effects of physical and sexual abuse on health, results of a national survey. Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology 2000; 13: 89
  • Dickinson L. M., deGruy F. V., III, Dickinson W. .P, Candib L. M. Health-related quality of life and symptom profiles of female survivors of sexual abuse. Archives of Family Medicine 1999; 8: 35–43
  • Dube S. R., Felitti V., Dong M., Chapman D., Giles W., Anda R. Childhood abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction and the risk of illicit drug use: The adverse childhood experiences study. Pediatrics 2003; 111: 564–572
  • Dubowitz H., Black M. M., Kerr M. A., Hussey J. M., Morrel T. M., Everson M. D., et al. Type and timing of mothers’ victimization: effects on mother and children. Pediatrics 2001; 107: 728–735
  • Elliott B., Erickson C. S. E. Social Disorder. Primary health care of infants, children and adolescents 2nd, J. Fox. Mosby, St Louis, MO 2002; 877
  • Felitti V. J., Anda R. F., Nordenberg D., Williamson D. F., Spitz A. M., Edwards V., et al. Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction too many of the leading causes of death in adults: The adverse childhood experience (ACE). American Journal of Preventive Medicine 1998; 14: 245–258
  • Foa E. B., Keane T. M., Friedman M. J. Effective treatments for PTSD: Practice guidelines from the international society for traumatic stress studies. Guilford, New York 2000
  • Freidman M., Schnurr P. P. The relationship between trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder and physical health. Neurological and clinical consequences of stress: From normal adaption to post traumatic stress disorder, M. Freidman, D. Charney, A. Deutch. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia 1995; 507–524
  • Gill E. The healing power of play: Working with abused children. Gilford Press, New York 1991
  • Goldman J., Padayachi U. Some methodological problems in estimating incidence and prevalence in child sexual abuse research. Journal of Sexual Research 2000; 37: 305–314
  • Gordis E. The effects of family and community violence on children. Annual Review of Psychology 2000; 1: 445
  • Hall J. Geography of childhood sexual abuse: women's narratives of their childhood environments. (Environment and Health). Advances in Nursing Science 1996; 18: 29–47
  • http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/pphb-dgspsp/cm-vee/cish101/, Health Canada. (2001). The Canadian incidence study of reported child abuse and neglect. Ottawa, Canada: Author. Retrieved from
  • Heem C., Ehlert U., Hanker J. P., Hellhammer D. H. Abuse-related post traumatic stress disorder and alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in women with chronic pelvic pain. Psychosomatic Medicine 1998; 60: 309–318
  • Heem C., Ehlert U., Hanker J. P., Hellhammer D. H. Psychoneuro-endocrinology 2000; 25: 1–35
  • Hughes H. M. Research concerning children of battered women: clinical implications. Violence and sexual abuse at home: Current issues in spousal battering and child maltreatment, R. Geffner, S. B. Soreson, P. K. Lundber-Love. Haworth, New York 1997; 225–244
  • Johnson K. Trauma in the lives of children. Hunter House, Alameda, CA 1997
  • Kaufman J., Zigler E. Do abused children become abused parents?. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 1997; 57: 186–92
  • Kelly M. M. Play therapy with sexually traumatized children: Factors that promote healing. Journal of Sexual Abuse 1995; 4(3)1–11
  • Kilpatrick D., Saunders B. The prevalence and consequences of child victimization: Summary of a research study. U. S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs:, Washington, DC 1997
  • Klayman-Faber S. When the body is the target: Self-harm, pain and traumatic attachments. Jason-Aronson, New York 1998
  • Kliewer W., Lepore S. J., Oskin D., Johnson P. D. The role of social and cognitive processes in children's adjustment to community violence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 1998; 66: 199–209
  • Langstaff D., Christie J. Trauma care: A team approach. Butterworth-Heinemann, OxfordUK 2000
  • Leesburg L., Yiu L. Community health nursing, a Canadian perspective. Pearson Prentice Hall, Toronto, ON 2005
  • London M., Ladewig P., Ball J., Bindler R. The child with alterations in cognitive and mental health function. Maternal and child nursing care 2nd. Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ 2007; 1785
  • Margolin G., John R. S. Children's exposure to marital aggression: direct and mediated effects. Out of the darkness: Contemporary perspectives on family violence, G. K. Kantor, J. L. Jasinski. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA 1997; 90–104
  • McGinnis M., Foege W. H. Mortality and morbidity attributable to use of addictive substance in the United States. Proceedings of the Association of American Physicians 1999; 111(2)109–118
  • Miller C., Boe J. Tears to diamonds: Transformation of child psychic trauma through sand play and storytelling. Arts in Psychotherapy 1990; 17(3)247–257
  • Mulvihill D. The health impact of childhood trauma: An interdisciplinary review, 1997–2003. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing 2005; 28(2)115–136
  • Ney P., Mulvihill D. L. Child psychiatric treatment: A practical guide. Croom Helm, London 1985
  • Paddon-Jones D. The interplay of stress and physical inactivity on muscle loss: nutritional counter measures. Journal of Nutrition, American Society of Nutrition 2006; 136: 2123–2126
  • Perry B. D., Azad I. Post traumatic stress disorders in children and adolescents. Current Opinion in Pediatrics 1999; 11: 121–32
  • Perry B. D. Post traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents. Current Opinion in Pediatrics 1999; 11(14)310
  • Perry B. D. Trauma and terror in childhood: the neuropsychiatric impact of childhood trauma. Handbook of psychological injuries: Evaluation, treatment and compensable damages, I. Schulz, S. Carella, D. O. Brady. American Bar Association, Washington, DC 2000
  • Perry B. D. Trauma and terror in childhood: The neuropsychiatric impact of childhood trauma. Handbook of psychological injuries: Evaluation, treatment and compensable damages, I. Shultz, S. Carella, D. O. Brady. American Bar Association, Washington, DC 2002
  • Perry B. D., Pollard R. H., Blakley T. L., Baker W. L., Vigilante D. Childhood trauma, the neurobiology of adaption and use-dependent development of the brain: How states become traits. Infant Mental Health Journal 1995; 16(4)271–291
  • Perry B., Jones H., Tuten M., Svikis D. Assessing maternal perception of harmful effects of drug during pregnancy. Journal of Addiction Disorders 2003; 22(1)1–9
  • Pfefferbaum B. Posttraumatic stress disorder in children: A review of the past 10 years. Journal American Academy Child Adolescent Psychiatry 1997; 36: 1503–1511
  • Plihal W., Krug R., Pulrowsky R., Fehm H. L., Born J. Corticosteroid receptor medicated effects on mood in humans. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1996; 21: 515–523
  • Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder, M. Scott, S. Palmer. Cassell, New York 2000
  • Selye H., Fortier C. Adaptive reaction to stress. Psychosomatic Medicine 1950; 12: 149–157
  • Southwick S. Salivary cortisol responses to dexamethasone in adolescents with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2003; 42: 1310–1317
  • http://www.statcan.ca/english/freepub/82–617-XIE/free.htm, Statistics Canada (2003). Canadian community health survey mental health and well-being. Retrieved from
  • Stein J. “He survives everything,” A latency-aged child with play disruption in the face of trauma and early object loss. Clinical Social Work Journal 2002; 30(2)145–158
  • www.amcity.com/sanantonio/stories/1998/11/16/focus4.html, Sumner, G. (1998, November.13). Untreated depression results in lost workplace productivity. San Antonio Business Journal, Retrieved from
  • Trickett P. K. Sexual and physical abuse and the development of social competence. Developmental psychopathology: perspectives on adjustment, risk and disorder, S. S. Luther, J. A. Burack, D. Cicchetti, J. Weisz. Cambridge University Press, New York 1997; 390–416
  • van der Kolk B. A., Saporta J. The biological response to psychic trauma: Mechanism and treatment of intrusion and numbing. Anxiety Research (UK) 1992; 4: 199–212
  • Ward M., Bennett S. Nature and severity of physical harm caused by child abuse and neglect: Results from the Canadian incidence study. Canadian Medical Association Journal 2003; 169: 911–915
  • Yehuda R., Teicher M. H., Trestman R. L., Levengood R. A., Siever L. J. Cortisol regulation in posttraumatic stress disorder and major depression: A chronobiological analysis. Biological Psychiatry 1996; 40: 79–88

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.