REFERENCES
- Anderson D., Yu T. W., Phillips B. J., Schmezer P. The effect of various anti- oxidants and other modifying agents on oxygen-radical-generated DNA damage in human lymphocytes in the COMET assay. Mutat. Res. 1994; 307: 261–271, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry). Toxicological profile for lead (updates). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC 1998
- Bertini J., Gray H. B., Lippard S. J., Valentine J. S. Bioinorganic Chemistry. University science books, Mill Valley, CA 1994
- Barry PSI. Concentrations of lead in the tissues of children. Br. J. Ind. Med. 1981; 38: 61–71, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Beck B. D. An update on exposure and effects of lead. Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 1992; 18: 1–16, [CROSSREF]
- Castellino N., Castellino P., Sannola N. Inorganic lead exposure: metabolism and intoxication. Lead Metabolism. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 1995; 168–180
- Cook J. A., Mitchell I. B. Viability measurements in mammalian cell system. Anal. Biochem. 1989; 1791–1797
- Cook P. R., Brazell I. A. Super coils in human DNA. J. Cell Sci. 1975; 19: 261–275, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Cooper G. P., Suszkin J. B., Manalis R. S. Heavy metals: effects on synaptic transmission. Neurotoxicology 1984; 5: 247–266, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Dana D., Saleha B., Paramjit G., Kaiser J. Genotoxic effect of lead nitrate on mice using SCGE (comet assay). Toxicology 2000; 145: 195–201, [CROSSREF]
- Elia M. C., Storer R. D., Mc Kelvey T. W. Rapid DNA degradation in primary rat hepatocytes treated with diverse cytotoxic chemicals. Analysis by pulsed field gel electrophoresis and implications for alkaline elution assays. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 1994; 24: 181–191, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Ford J. H., Behrens D., McCarthy C., Mills K., Thomas P., Wilkin H. B. Sporadic chromosome abnormalities in human lymphocytes and previous exposure to chemicals. Cytobios 1998; 96: 179–192, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Goldstain G. W. Lead poisoning and brain function. Environ. Health Perspect. 1990; 89–94
- Hagmar L., Stromberg U., Tinnerberg H., Mikoczy Z. The usefulness of cytogenetic biomarkers as intermediate endpoints in carcinogenesis. Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. 2001; 204(1)43–47, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF]
- Hanson A. Difference in the satellite association pattern in the human population. Hereditas 1970; 66: 21–30
- Jeno M., Matyas G., Jakab A. T. Chromosome satellite association frequencies in colchicine arrested peripheral blood lymphocyte metaphases of control and occupationally exposed human donors. CEJOEM 1999; 5(1)26–34
- Kaiser J., Saber H. Biotransfer of metals to the insect Neochotina eicchornea via aquatic plants. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1992; 22: 459–463, [CROSSREF]
- Kizillian N., Wilkins RC., Reinhardt P., Ferrarotto C., McLean J. R. N., Mc Namee J. P. Silver stained comet assay for detection of apoptosis. Biotechniques 1999; 27: 926–930
- Lippmann M. Lead and human health; background and recent findings. Environ. Res. 1991; 51: 1–24, [CROSSREF]
- Lanphear B. P., Weitzman M., Winter N. L. Lead-contaminated house dust and urban children's blood lead levels. Am. J. Public Health. 1996; 86: 1416–1421, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- McCabe M. J., Lawrence D. A. Lead a major environmental pollutant is immuno modulatory by its differential effects on CD4+T cell subsets. Toxicol Appl. Pharm. 1991; 111: 13–23, [CROSSREF]
- Markovac J., Goldstein G. W. Pico molar concentrations of lead stimulate brain protein kinase C. Nature 1998; 334: 71–73, [CROSSREF]
- Moorhead P. S., Nowell P. C., Mellman W. J., Battips D. M., Hungerford D. A. Chromosome preparations of leukocytes cultured from human peripheral blood. Exp. Cell Res. 1960; 20: 613–616, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF]
- Needleman H. L., Schell A., Bellinger D., Leviton A., Allred E. N. The long-term effects of exposure to low doses of lead in childhood. N. Engl. J. Med. 1990; 322: 83–88, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Otto D. A., Benignus V., Muller K., Barton C., Seiple K., Prah J., Schroeder S. Effects of low to moderate lead exposure on slow cortical potentials in young children: two-year follow-up study. Neurobehav. Toxicol. Teratol. 1982; 4: 33–737
- Onalaja A. O., Claudio L. Genetic susceptibility to lead poisoning. Environ. Health Perspect. 2000; 108(1)23–28, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Rogan W. J., Ware J. H. Exposure to lead in children—how low is low enough?. N. Engl. J. Med. 2003; 348: 1515–1516, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF]
- Roy N. K., Rossman T. G. Mutagenesis and comutagenesis by lead compounds. Mutat. Res. 1992; 298: 97–103, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF]
- Reddy P. J., Krishna D., Suryanarayana Murthy U., Kaiser J. A microcomputer FORTRAN program for rapid determination of lethal concentrations of biocides in mosquito control. CABIOS 1992; 8: 209–213, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Rydberg B., Johanson K. J. Estimation of DNA strand breaks in single mammalian cells. DNA Repair Mechanisms, P. C. Hanawalt, E. C. Friedberg, C. F. Fox. Academic Press, New York 1978; 465–468
- Smith D. R., Flegal A. R. Public health implications of natural levels of lead in humans. Am. J. Public Health. 1992; 82: 1565–1566, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Singh N. P., McVoy M. T., Tice R., Schneider L. E. A simple technique for quantitation of low level of DNA damage in individual cells. Exp. Cell Res. 1988; 175: 184–191, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF]
- Tice R. R., Agurell E., Anderson D., Burlinson B., Hartmann A., Kobayashi H., Miyamae Y., Rojas E., Ryu J. C., Sasaki Y. F. Single cell gel/comet assay: guidelines for in vitro and in vivo genetic toxicology testing. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 2000; 35: 206–221, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF]
- Valverde M., Trejo C., Rojas E. Is the capacity of lead acetate and cadmium chloride to induce genotoxic damage due to direct DNA metal interaction?. Mutagenesis 2001; 16: 265–270, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CROSSREF]
- Wittmers L. J., Wallgren J. E., Alich A. Lead in bone. IV. Distribution of lead in the human skeleton. Arch. Environ. Health 1988; 43: 381–391, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Winder C., Bonin T. The genotoxicity of lead. Mutat. Res. 1993; 285: 117–124, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]
- Yadav J. S., Kaushik. Genotoxic effects of ammonia exposure on workers in a fertilizer factory. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 1996; 35: 487–492
- Yi L. New transition ion-dependent catalytic DNA and their applications as efficient RNA nuclease and as sensitive metal ion sensors. Chem. A. Eur. J. 2002; 8: 4588–4596, [CROSSREF]
- Zelikoff J. T., Li J. H., Hartwig A., Wang X. W., Costa M., Rossman J. G. Genetic toxicology of lead compounds. Carcinogenesis 1988; 9: 1727–1732, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE]