145
Views
48
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Currently Used Cholinesterase Reactivators Against Nerve Agent Intoxication: Comparison of Their Effectivity in Vitro

, &
Pages 31-40 | Published online: 09 Oct 2008

REFERENCES

  • Bajgar J. The influence of inhibitors and other factors on cholinesterases. Sbor Ved Pr LFUK (Hradec Kralove) 1991; 34: 3–75
  • Bajgar J. Organophosphates/nerve agent poisoning: mechanism of action, diagnosis, prophylaxis and treatment. Adv. Clin. Chem 2004; 38: 151–216
  • Bajgar J., Fusek J., Vachek J. Treatment and prophylaxis against nerve agent poisoning. ASA Newsletter 1994; 94–4: 10–11
  • Bardin P. G., van Eeden S. F., Moolman J. A., Foden A. P., Joubert J. R. Organophosphate and carbamate poisoning. Arch. Intern. Med 1994; 154: 1433–1441
  • Du Toit P. W., Muller F. O., van Tonder W. M. Experience with the intensive care management of organophosphate insecticide poisoning. S. Afr. Med. J 1981; 60: 227–229
  • Eddleston M., Szinicz L., Eyer P., Beuckley N. Oximes in acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning: a systematic review of clinical trials. QJM Monthly J. Assoc. Phys 2002; 95: 275–283
  • Eyer P. The role of oximes in the menagement of organophosphorus pesticide poisoning. Toxicol. Rev 2003; 22: 165–190
  • Fleisher J. H., Harris L. W. Dealkylation as a mechanism for ageing for cholinesterase after poisoning with pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate. Biochem. Pharmacol 1965; 14: 641–650
  • Kassa J. Review of oximes in the antidotal treatment of poisoning by organophosphorus nerve agents. J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol 2002; 6: 803–816
  • Kassa J., Cabal J., Bajgar J., Szinicz L. The choice: HI-6, pralidoxime or obidoxime against nerve agents?. ASA Newsletter 1997; 97–4: 16–18
  • Kuca K., Cabal J. Evaluation of newly synthesized reactivators of the brain cholinesterase inhibited by sarin-nerve agent. Toxicol. Mech. Meth 2005; 15: 247–252
  • Kuca K., Kassa J. A comparison of the ability of a new bispyridinium oxime – (hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium)-4-(carbamoylpyridinium)butane dibromide and currently used oximes to reactivate nerve agent-inhibited rat brain acetylcholinesterase by in vitro methods. J. Enzyme Inhib. Med. Chem 2003; 18: 529–535
  • Kuca K., Cabal J., Kassa J. A comparison of the efficacy of a bispyridinium oxime – 1,4-bis-(2-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium) butane dibromide and currently used oximes to reactivate sarin, tabun or cyclosarin-inhibited acetylcholinesterase by in vitro methods. Die Pharmazie 2004; 59: 795–798
  • Kuca K., Cabal J., Musilek K., Jun D., Bajgar J. Effective bisquaternary reactivators of tabun-inhibited AChE. J. Appl. Toxicol 2005; 25: 491–495
  • Marrs T. C., Maynard R. L., Sidell F. R. Chemical Warfare Agents. Toxicology and Treatment. J. Wiley and Sons, Chichester, New York 1996
  • McDonough J. H. (2002) Animal models of nerve agent intoxication and treatment of human nerve agent casualties: Identification of key variables for immediate therapy. The meeting of NATO TG 004 Task Group on Prophylaxis and Therapy of Chemical Agents, OsloNorway, November, 4–72002
  • Palecek J., Cirkva V., Relich S., Slavetinska L., Kuca K., Jun D. Assignment of organophosphorus-inhibited acetylcholinesterase reactivators structures on the basis of nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. Zprav. Voj. Farm 2005; 15: 14–25, [In Czech]
  • Rotenberg J. S., Newmark J. Nerve attacks on children: diagnosis and management. Pediatrics 2003; 112: 648–658
  • Sakurada K., Matsubara K., Shimizu K., Shiono H., Seto Y., Tsuge K., Yoshino M., Sakai I., Mukoyama H., Takatori T. Pralidoxime iodide (2-PAM) penetrates across the blood-brain barrier. Neurochem. Res 2003; 28: 1401–1407
  • Worek F., Reiter G., Eyer P., Szinicz L. Reactivation kinetics of acetylcholinesterase from different species inhibited by highly toxic organophosphates. Arch. Toxicol 2002; 76: 523–529
  • Worek F., Szinicz L., Eyer P., Thiermann H. Evaluation of oxime efficacy in nerve agent poisoning: development of a kinetic-based dynamic model. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol 2005; 209: 193–202

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.