The effects of titanium nanoparticles on enzymatic and non-enzymatic biomarkers in female Wistar rats

References

• Atkinson, A., Gatenby, A.D., and Lowe, A.G., 1973. The determination of inorganic orthophosphate in biological systems. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta (BBA) – General Subjects, 320 (1), 195–204, 320, 195–204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bahadar, H., et al., 2016. Toxicity of nanoparticles and an overview of current experimental models. Iranian Biomedical Journal, 20 (1), 1–11.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Canli, E.G., Atli, G., and Canli, M., 2017. Response of the antioxidant enzymes of the erythrocyte and alterations in the serum biomarkers in rats following oral administration of nanoparticles. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 50, 145–150.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canli, E.G. and Canli, M., 2017. Effects of aluminum, copper, and titanium nanoparticles on some blood parameters in Wistar rats. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 41, 259–266.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canli, E.G. and Canli, M., 2019. Nanoparticles (Al2O3, CuO, TiO2) decrease ATPase activity in the osmoregulatory organs of freshwater fish (Oreochromis niloticus); histopathological investigation of tissues by transmission electron microscope. EC Pharmacology and Toxicology, 7 (9), 909–924.
   Google Scholar
• Canli, E.G., Dogan, A., and Canli, M., 2018. Serum biomarker levels alter following nanoparticle (Al2O3, CuO, TiO2) exposures in freshwater fish (Oreochromis niloticus). Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 62, 181–187.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canli, E.G., Ila, H.B., and Canli, M., 2019a. Responses of biomarkers belonging to different metabolic systems of rats following oral administration of aluminium nanoparticle. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 69, 72–79.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canli, E.G., Ila, H.B., and Canli, M., 2019b. Response of the antioxidant enzymes of rats following oral administration of metal-oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3, CuO, TiO2). Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26 (1), 938–945.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Canli, M. and Stagg, R.M., 1996. The effects of in vivo exposure to cadmium, copper and zinc on the activities of gill ATPases in the Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 31 (4), 494–501.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, Z., et al., 2019. Combined effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and glucose on the cardiovascular system in young rats after oral administration. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 39 (4), 590–602.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chichova, M., et al., 2014. Influence of silver nanoparticles on the activity of rat liver mitochondrial ATPase. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 16 (2), 1–14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ciftci, H., et al., 2013. Silver nanoparticles: cytotoxic, apoptotic, and necrotic effects on MCF-7 cells. Turkish Journal of Biology, 37 (5), 573–581.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Jong, W.H. and Borm, P.J., 2008. Drug delivery and nanoparticles: applications and hazards. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 3 (2), 133–149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du, X., et al., 2019. Genotoxicity evaluation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles using the mouse lymphoma assay and the Ames test. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 838, 22–27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Durmaz, H., Sevgiler, Y., and Üner, N., 2006. Tissue-specific antioxidative and neurotoxic responses to diazinon in Oreochromis niloticus. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 84 (3), 215–226.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ellman, G.L., et al., 1961. A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochemical Pharmacology, 7 (2), 88–95.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elnagar, A.M.B., Ibrahim, A., and Soliman, A.M., 2018. Histopathological effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and the possible protective role of N-acetylcysteine on the testes of male albino rats. International Journal of Fertility and Sterility, 12 (3), 249–256.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ema, M., et al., 2016. Reproductive and developmental toxicity of carbon-based nanomaterials: a literature review. Nanotoxicology, 10 (4), 391–412.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frasco, M.F., et al., 2005. Do metals inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE)? Implementation of assay conditions for the use of AChE activity as a biomarker of metal toxicity. Biomarkers, 10 (5), 360–375.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Griffith, O.W., 1980. Determination of glutathione and glutathione disulfide using glutathione-reductase and 2-vinylpyridine. Analytical Biochemistry, 106 (1), 207–212.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guo, D., et al., 2013. Zinc oxide nanoparticles decrease the expression and activity of plasma membrane calcium ATPase, disrupt the intracellular calcium homeostasis in rat retinal ganglion cells. The International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 45 (8), 1849–1859.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gurr, J.R., et al., 2005. Ultrafine titanium dioxide particles in the absence of photoactivation can induce oxidative damage to human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicology, 213 (1–2), 66–73.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagens, W.I., et al., 2007. What do we (need to) know about the kinetic properties of nanoparticles in the body? Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 49 (3), 217–229.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hidalgo, M.C., et al., 2002. Oxidative stress generated by dietary Zn-deficiency: studies in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, 34 (2), 183–193.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong, F., et al., 2015. TiO2 nanoparticle exposure decreases spermatogenesis via biochemical dysfunctions in the testis of male mice. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 63 (31), 7084–7092.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hou, J., et al., 2019. Toxicity and mechanisms of action of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in living organisms. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 75, 40–53.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howarth, C., Gleeson, P., and Attwell, D., 2012. Updated energy budgets for neural computation in the neocortex and cerebellum. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 32 (7), 1222–1232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, H., et al., 2015. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles increase plasma glucose via reactive oxygen species-induced insulin resistance in mice. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 35 (10), 1122–1132.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Janrao, K.K., et al., 2014. Nanoparticle induced nanotoxicity: an overview. Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4 (32), 1–7.
   Google Scholar
• Jia, X., et al., 2017. The potential liver, brain, and embryo toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on mice. Nanoscale Research Letters, 12 (1), 478–492.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jovanović, B., 2015. Critical review of public health regulations of titanium dioxide, a human food additive. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 11 (1), 10–20.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kanak, E.G., et al., 2014. Effects of fish size on the response of antioxidant systems of Oreochromis niloticus following metal exposures. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 40 (4), 1083–1091.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karimipour, M., et al., 2018. Oral administration of titanium dioxide nanoparticle through ovarian tissue alterations impairs mice embryonic development. International Journal of Reproductive Biomedicine, 16 (6), 397–404.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumari, M., et al., 2012. Repeated oral dose toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles: biochemical and histopathological alterations in different tissues of rats. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 12 (3), 2149–2159.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lei, R., et al., 2015. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage in the liver and kidney of rats following exposure to copper nanoparticles for five consecutive days. Toxicology Research, 4 (2), 351–364.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, S.Q., et al., 2008. Nanotoxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles to erythrocyte in vitro. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46 (12), 3626–3631.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lowry, O.H., et al., 1951. Protein measurements with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193 (1), 265–275.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meena, R. and Paulraj, R., 2012. Oxidative stress mediated cytotoxicity of TiO2 nano anatase in liver and kidney of Wistar rat. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry, 94 (1), 146–163.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mostafalou, S., et al., 2013. Different biokinetics of nanomedicines linking to their toxicity; an overview. Daru, 21 (1), 14–18.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• M'rad, I., et al., 2018. Aluminium oxide nanoparticles compromise spatial learning and memory performance in rats. EXCLI Journal, 17, 200–210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohkawa, H., Ohishi, N., and Yagi, K., 1979. Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Analytical Biochemistry, 95 (2), 351–358.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, E.J., et al., 2015. A 13-week repeated-dose oral toxicity and bioaccumulation of aluminum oxide nanoparticles in mice. Archives of Toxicology, 89 (3), 371–379.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pena-Llopis, S., et al., 2001. Glutathione-dependent resistance of the European eel Anguilla anguilla to the herbicide molinate. Chemosphere, 45, 671–681.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piner, P. and Uner, N., 2012. Oxidative and apoptotic effects of lambda-cyhalothrin modulated by piperonyl butoxide in the liver of Oreochromis niloticus. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 33 (3), 414–420.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rizk, M.Z., et al., 2017. Toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: effect of dose and time on biochemical disturbance, oxidative stress and genotoxicity in mice. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 90, 466–472.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rohner, F., et al., 2007. Synthesis, characterization, and bioavailability in rats of ferric phosphate nanoparticles. The Journal of Nutrition, 137 (3), 614–619.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shrivastava, R., et al., 2014. Effects of sub-acute exposure to TiO2, ZnO and Al2O3 nanoparticles on oxidative stress and histological changes in mouse liver and brain. Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 37 (3), 336–347.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva-Herdade, A.S. and Saldanha, C., 2013. Effects of acetylcholine on an animal model of inflammation. Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation, 53 (1–2), 209–2016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, S.P., et al., 2013. Toxicity assessment of manganese oxide micro and nanoparticles in Wistar rats after 28 days of repeated oral exposure. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 33 (10), 1165–1179.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tang, T., Zhang, Z., and Zhu, X., 2019. Toxic effects of TiO2 NPs on zebrafish. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16 (4), 523–537.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vasic, V.M., Colovic, M.B., and Krstic, D.Z., 2009. Mechanism of Na+/K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase inhibition by metal ions and complexes. Hemijska industrija, 63, 499–509.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, F., et al., 2009. Oxidative stress contributes to silica nanoparticle-induced cytotoxicity in human embryonic kidney cells. Toxicology in Vitro, 23 (5), 808–815.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weir, A., et al., 2012. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles in food and personal care products. Environmental Science & Technology, 46 (4), 2242–2250.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winston, G.W., 1991. Oxidants and antioxidants in aquatic animals. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Comparative Pharmacology, 100 (1–2), 173–176.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, L. and Watts, D.J., 2005. Particle surface characteristics may play an important role in phytotoxicity of alumina nanoparticles. Toxicology Letters, 158 (2), 122–132.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yilmaz, M., Rencuzogullari, E., and Canli, M., 2015. The effects of cyfluthrin on some biomarkers in the liver and kidney of Wistar rats. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22 (6), 4747–4752.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yilmaz, M., Rencuzogullari, E., and Canli, M., 2017. Investigations on the effects of etoxazole in the liver and kidney of Wistar rats. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 24 (24), 19635–19639.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, X.H., et al., 2014. Changes of serum parameters of TiO2 nanoparticle-induced atherosclerosis in mice. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 280, 364–371.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, X., et al., 2013. Nanosized TiO2-induced reproductive system dysfunction and its mechanism in female mice. PLoS One, 8 (4), e59378.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, Y., Hong, F., and Wang, L., 2017. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle-induced cytotoxicity and the underlying mechanism in mouse myocardial cells. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 19 (11), 356–369.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar