Physiological and histopathological alterations in male Swiss mice after exposure to titanium dioxide (anatase) and zinc oxide nanoparticles and their binary mixture

References

• Abdelhalim, M.A., Al-yed, M., and Moussa, S.A., 2015. The effects of intraperitoneal administration of gold nanoparticles size and exposure duration on oxidative and antioxidants levels in various rat organs. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 28, 705–712.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akbaba, G.B. and Turkez, H., 2018. Investigation of the genotoxicity of aluminum oxide, β-Tricalcium phosphate, and zinc oxide nanoparticles in vitro. International Journal of Toxicology, 37 (3), 216–222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baum, N., Dichoso, C.C., and Carlton, C.E., 1975. Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine. Physiology and interpretations. Urology, 5 (5), 583–858.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brede, C. and Labhasetwar, V., 2013. Applications of nanoparticles in the detection and treatment of kidney diseases. Advance in Chronic Kidney Disease, 20 (6), 454–465.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, Z., et al., 2019. Gender differences in hepatic toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles after subchronic oral exposure in Sprague Dawley rats. Journal of Applied Toxicology, 39 (5), 807–813.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheraghi, J., et al., 2013. Hematologic parameters study of male and female rats administered with different concentrations of silver nanoparticles. International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 5 (7), 789–796.
   Google Scholar
• Choi, J., et al., 2015. Toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles in rats treated by two different routes: single intravenous injection and single oral administration. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Part A, 78 (4), 226–243.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dalton, R.N., 2010. Serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate: perception and reality. Clinical Chemistry, 56 (5), 687–689.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fadoju, O.M., et al., 2019. Evaluation of cytogenotoxicity and oxidative stress parameters in male Swiss mice co-exposed to titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 70, 103204.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferreira, G.K., et al., 2015. Gold nanoparticles alter parameters of oxidative stress and energy metabolism in organs of adult rats. Biochemistry and Cell Biology Biochimie et Biologie Cellulaire, 93 (6), 548–557.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fischer, H.C. and Chan, W.C., 2007. Nanotoxicity: the growing need for in vivo study. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 18 (6), 565–571.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huynh, K.A., McCaffery, J.M., and Chen, K.L., 2014. Heteroaggregation reduces antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles: evidence for Nanoparticle-cell proximity effects. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 1 (9), 361–366.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Institute for Laboratory Animal Research. 2011. Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. 8th ed. Washington DC: The National Academies Press, 246.
   Google Scholar
• Iso, H., et al., 2009. Serum cholesterol levels in relation to the incidence of cancer: the JPHC study cohorts. International Journal of Cancer, 125 (11), 2679–2686.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, D., et al., 2005. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase within its normal range predicts a chronic elevation of alanine aminotransferase: a four year follow-up study. Free Radical Research, 39 (6), 589–593..
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, L., et al., 2015. The potentiation effect makes the difference: non-toxic concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles enhance Cu nanoparticle toxicity in vitro. The Science of the Total Environment, 505, 253–260.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, C., et al., 2012. Organ biodistribution, clearance, and genotoxicity of orally administered zinc oxide nanoparticles in mice. Nanotoxicology, 6 (7), 746–756.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lomer, M.C.E., et al., 2000. Determination of titanium dioxide in foods using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The Analyst, 125 (12), 2339–2343.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morgan, A.M., Ibrahim, M.A., and Noshy, P.A., 2017. Reproductive toxicity provoked by titanium dioxide nanoparticles and the ameliorative role of tiron in adult male rats. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 486 (2), 595–600..
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mousavi, Z., et al., 2016. Effects of subcutaneous injection MnO2 micro- and nanoparticles on blood glucose level and lipid profile in rat. Iranian Journal of Medical Science, 41 (6), 518–524.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noori, A., et al., 2014. Effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on renal function in mice. International Journal of Biosciences, 5 (9), 140–146.
   Google Scholar
• OECD. 2001. OECD guideline (420) for testing of chemicals, acute oral toxicity-fixed dose procedure. Adopted on 17 December. Paris, France: Organisation for Economic Corporation and Development.
   Google Scholar
• Ogunsuyi, O.M., et al., 2020. Alteration of sperm parameters and reproductive hormones in Swiss mice via oxidative stress after co-exposure to titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles. Andrologia, e13758.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ono, K., Ono, T., and Matsumata, T., 1995. The pathogenesis of decreased aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activity in the plasma of hemodialysis patients: the role of vitamin B6 deficiency. Clinical Nephrology, 43 (6), 405–408.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orel, V., et al., 2015. Magnetic properties and antitumor effect of nanocomplexes of iron oxide and doxorubicin. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine, 11 (1), 47–55.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palanikumar, L., et al., 2013. Influence of particle size of nano zinc oxide on the controlled delivery of. Applied Nanoscience, 3 (5), 441–451..
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramaty, E., et al., 2014. Low ALT blood levels predict long-term all-cause mortality among adults. A historical prospective cohort study. European Journal of Internal Medicine, 25 (10), 919–921..
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasmussen, J.W., et al., 2010. Zinc oxide nanoparticles for selective destruction of tumor cells and potential for drug delivery applications. Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery, 7 (9), 1063–1077.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reichling, J.J. and Kaplan, M.M., 1988. Clinical use of serum enzymes in liver disease. Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 33 (12), 1601–1614..
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma, V., et al., 2012. Induction of oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in mouse liver after sub-acute oral exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 745 (1–2), 84–91..
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shrivastava, R., et al., 2014. Effects of sub-acute exposure to TiO2, ZnO and Al2O3 nanoparticles on oxidative stress and histological changes in mouse liver and brain. Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 37 (3), 336–347.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shukla, R.K., et al., 2014. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle-induced oxidative stress triggers DNA damage and hepatic injury in mice. Nanomedicine (London), 9 (9), 1423–1434.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siemianowicz, K., et al., 2000. Serum total cholesterol and triglycerides levels in patients with lung cancer. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 5 (2), 201–205..
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva, A.H., et al., 2017. Visceral fat increase and signals of inflammation in adipose tissue after administration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in mice. Toxicology and Industrial Health, 33 (2), 147–158..
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soliman, M.M., et al., 2013. Protective effect of N-acetylcysteine against titanium dioxide nanoparticles modulated immune responses in male albino rats. American Journal of Immunology, 9 (4), 148–158.
   Google Scholar
• Srivastav, A.K., et al., 2016. A comprehensive toxicity study of zinc oxide nanoparticles versus their bulk in Wistar rats: toxicity study of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Human & Experimental Toxicology, 35 (12), 1286–1304..
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srivastav, A.K., et al., 2017. Genotoxicity evaluation of zinc oxide nanoparticles in Swiss mice after oral administration using chromosomal aberration, micronuclei, semen analysis, and RAPD profile. Toxicology and Industrial Health, 33 (11), 821–834..
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strojny, B., et al., 2015. Long term influence of carbon nanoparticles on health and liver status in rats. PLoS One, 10 (12), e0144821..
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tong, T.Z., et al., 2014. Chemical interactions between nano-ZnO and nano-TiO2 in a natural aqueous medium. Environmental Science & Technology, 48 (14), 7924–7932.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Touvier, M., et al., 2015. Cholesterol and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. The British Journal of Nutrition, 114 (3), 347–357.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, R., Billone, P.S., and Mullett, W.M., 2013. Nanomedicine in action: an overview of cancer nanomedicine on the market and in clinical trials. Journal of Nanomaterials, 2013, 1–12.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, B., et al., 2008. Acute toxicological impact of nano- and submicro-scaled zinc oxide powder on healthy adult mice. Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 10 (2), 263–276.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wason, M.S., et al., 2013. Sensitization of pancreatic cancer cells to radiation by cerium oxide nanoparticle-induced ROS production. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine, 9 (4), 558–569.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yasuda, K., et al., 1995. Hypoaminotransferasemia in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis: clinical and biochemical appraisal. Gastroenterology, 109 (4), 1295–1300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y., et al., 2013. Biomedical applications of zinc oxide nanomaterials. Current Molecular Medicine, 13 (10), 1633–1645.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar