Azithromycin effects on the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) early life stages following acute and chronic exposure: Laboratory bioassays

References

• Aebi, H., 1984. Catalase in vitro. Methods in enzymology, vol. 105. Orlando: Academic Press. 121–126.
   Google Scholar
• Aliahmat, N.S., et al., 2012. Antioxidant enzyme activity and malondialdehyde levels can be modulated by Piper betle, tocotrienol rich fraction and Chlorella vulgaris in aging C57BL/6 mice. Clinics (Sao Paulo), 67 (12), 1447–1454.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alvarez-Muñoz, D., et al., 2015. Multi-residue method for the analysis of pharmaceuticals and some of their metabolites in bivalves. Talanta, 136, 174–172.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrieu, M., et al., 2015. Ecological risk assessment of the antibiotic enrofloxacin applied to Pangasius catfish farms in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Chemosphere, 119, 407–414.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atli, O., et al., 2015. Evaluation of azithromycin induced cardiotoxicity in rats. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 8 (3), 3681–3690.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brannen, K.C., et al., 2010. Development of a zebrafish embryo teratogenicity assay and quantitative prediction model. Birth Defects Research. Part B, Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology, 89 (1), 66–77.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Buege, J. A., and Aust, S. D., 1978. Microsomal lipid peroxidation. In: S. Fleischer, L. Packer, ed. Methods in enzymology, vol. 52. New York, NY: Academic Press. 302–310.
   Google Scholar
• Colorni, A., et al., 1998. Histopathology of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) experimentally infected with Mycobacterium marinum and treated with streptomycin and garlic (Allium sativum) extract. Aquaculture, 160 (1-2), 1–17.,
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2015/495, 2015. Establishing a watch list of substances for Union-wide monitoring in the field of water policy pursuant to Directive 2008/105/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council. Official Journal of the European Union, 78, 40–42.
   Google Scholar
• Ellman, G.L., et al., 1961. A new and rapid colorimetric determination of acetylcholinesterase activity. Biochemical Pharmacology, 7, 88–95.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairgrieve, W.T., et al., 2005. Accumulation and clearance of orally administered erythromycin and its derivative, azithromycin, in juvenile fall Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 64 (2), 99–106.,
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fairgrieve, W.T., et al., 2006. Concentrations of erythromycin and azithromycin in mature Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha after intraperitoneal injection, and in their progeny. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 68 (3), 227–234.,
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fu, L., et al., 2017. Toxicity of 13 different antibiotics towards freshwater green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and their modes of action. Chemosphere, 168, 217–222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gawel, S., et al., 2004. [Malondialdehyde (MDA) as a lipid peroxidation marker]. Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland: 1960), 57, 453–455.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ghosh, G. C., et al., 2016., Antibiotics removal in biological sewage treatment plants. Pollution 2, 131–139.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giebułtowicz, J., et al., 2020. Environmental risk and risk of resistance selection due to antimicrobials’ occurrence in two polish wastewater treatment plants and receiving surface water. Molecules, 25 (6), 1470.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grenni, P., Ancona, V., and Caracciolo, A.B., 2018. Ecological effects of antibiotics on natural ecosystems: a review. Microchemical Journal, 136, 25–39.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gutteridge, J.M.C., and Halliwell, B., 1990. The measurement and mechanism of lipid peroxidation in biological systems. Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 15 (4), 129–135.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Habig, W.H., Pabst, M.J., and Jakoby, W.B., 1974. Glutathione S-transferases. The first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 249 (22), 7130–7139.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrabi, M., et al., 2018. Analysis of multiclass antibiotic residues in urban wastewater in Tunisia. Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management, 10, 163–170.
   Google Scholar
• Hernández, F., et al., 2019. Occurrence of antibiotics and bacterial resistance in wastewater and sea water from the Antarctic. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 363, 447–456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein, E.Y., et al., 2018. Global increase and geographic convergence in antibiotic consumption between 2000 and 2015. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115 (15), E3463–E3470.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kondor, A.C., et al., 2020. Occurrence of pharmaceuticals in the Danube and drinking water wells: Efficiency of riverbank filtration. Environmental Pollution , 265, 114893.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kovalakova, P., et al., 2020. Occurrence and toxicity of antibiotics in the aquatic environment: A review. Chemosphere, 251, 126351.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lacaze, E., et al., 2015. Genotoxic and immunotoxic potential effects of selected psychotropic drugs and antibiotics on blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) hemocytes. Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987), 202, 177–186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Y., et al., 2020. Effects of azithromycin on feeding behavior and nutrition accumulation of Daphnia magna under the different exposure pathways. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 197, 110573.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, J., et al., 2014. Bioconcentration, metabolism, and biomarker responses in freshwater fish Carassius auratus exposed to roxithromycin. Chemosphere , 99, 102–108.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, L., et al., 2018a. Progress of research on the toxicology of antibiotic pollution in aquatic organisms. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 38 (1), 36–41.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, S., et al., 2018b. Bioaccumulation and tissue distribution of antibiotics in wild marine fish from Laizhou Bay, North China. Science of the Total Environment, 631–632, 1398–1405.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marek, C. L., and Timmons, S. R., 2019. 9 - Antimicrobials in pediatric dentistry. In: A.J. Nowak, J.R. Christensen, T.R. Mabry, J.A. Townsend and M.H. Wells, eds. Pediatric dentistry. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Content Repository Only!, 128–141.e121.
   Google Scholar
• McMullan, B.J., and Mostaghim, M., 2015. Prescribing azithromycin. Australian Prescriber, 38 (3), 87–89.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mhadhbi, L., et al., 2012. Acute toxicity of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) for turbot (Psetta maxima) early life stages (ELS). Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 19 (3), 708–717.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohapatra, S., et al., 2016. Occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals in WWTPs in India and comparison with a similar study in the United States. Chemosphere, 159, 526–535.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Naciri, M., et al., 1999. Genetic study of the Atlantic/Mediterranean transition in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Journal of Heredity, 90 (6), 591–596.,
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OECD, 1992. Test guideline 210, fish early life stage chronic toxicity test. Paris: OECD.
   Google Scholar
• OECD, 2019. Test guideline No. 203. Fish, acute toxicity testing. Paris: OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals OECD Publishing.
   Google Scholar
• Ramos, A.S., et al., 2014. Effect of acetaminophen exposure in Oncorhynchus mykiss gills and liver: detoxification mechanisms, oxidative defence system and peroxidative damage. Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, 37 (3), 1221–1228.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhee, J.-S., et al., 2013. Effect of pharmaceuticals exposure on acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity and on the expression of AchE gene in the monogonont rotifer, Brachionus koreanus. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Toxicology & Pharmacology : CBP, 158 (4), 216–224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodrigues, S., et al., 2016. Acute and chronic effects of erythromycin exposure on oxidative stress and genotoxicity parameters of Oncorhynchus mykiss. The Science of the Total Environment, 545-546, 591–600.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez-Mozaz, S., et al., 2020. Antibiotic residues in final effluents of European wastewater treatment plants and their impact on the aquatic environment. Environment International, 140, 105733.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanderson, H., and Thomsen, M., 2009. Comparative analysis of pharmaceuticals versus industrial chemicals acute aquatic toxicity classification according to the United Nations classification system for chemicals. Assessment of the (Q)SAR predictability of pharmaceuticals acute aquatic toxicity and their predominant acute toxic mode-of-action. Toxicology Letters, 187 (2), 84–93.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shiogiri, N.S., et al., 2017. Effects of azithromycin on tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): health status evaluation using biochemical, physiological and morphological biomarkers. Aquaculture Research, 48 (7), 3669–3683.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su, D., et al., 2020. Occurrence, source estimation and risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in the Chaobai River characterized by adjacent land use. Science of the Total Environment, 712, 134525.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terova, G., et al., 2011. Impact of acute stress on antimicrobial polypeptides mRNA copy number in several tissues of marine sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). BMC Immunology, 12, 69
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tu, H.T., et al., 2010. Effects of pesticides and antibiotics on penaeid shrimp with special emphases on behavioral and biomarker responses. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 29 (4), 929–938.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tu, H.T., et al., 2009. Acetylcholinesterase activity as a biomarker of exposure to antibiotics and pesticides in the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 72 (5), 1463–1470.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vaccaro, E., et al., 2003. Inhibition of cytochrome P450 enzymes by enrofloxacin in the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Aquatic Toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 62 (1), 27–33.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Acker, H., and Coenye, T., 2017. The role of reactive oxygen species in antibiotic-mediated killing of bacteria. Trends in Microbiology, 25 (6), 456–466.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verlicchi, P., et al., 2012. Hospital effluent: investigation of the concentrations and distribution of pharmaceuticals and environmental risk assessment. The Science of the Total Environment, 430, 109–118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Z., et al., 2015. Comprehensive evaluation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in typical highly urbanized regions across China. Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987), 204, 223–232.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan, F., et al., 2008. A trifunctional enzyme with glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity. Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1780 (6), 869–872.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan, Z., et al., 2019. Macrolides induce severe cardiotoxicity and developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos. The Science of the Total Environment, 649, 1414–1421.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yonar, M.E., 2012. The effect of lycopene on oxytetracycline-induced oxidative stress and immunosuppression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, W.). Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 32 (6), 994–1001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, J.-L., et al., 2015. Tissue-specific bioaccumulation of human and veterinary antibiotics in bile, plasma, liver and muscle tissues of wild fish from a highly urbanized region. Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987), 198, 15–24.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar