REFERENCES
- Anderson , S. G. and Eamon , M. K. 2005 . Stability of health care coverage among low-income working women . Health & Social Work , 30 ( 1 ) : 7 – 17 .
- Center for Law and Social Policy & Center on Budget and Policy Priorities . 2000 . State policy documentation project: States exercising the option to terminate the Medicaid coverage of a non-pregnant head of household who loses TANF for refusal to work Retrieved August 2, 2003, from www.spdp.org/medicaid/table_8.htm
- Cheng , T. C. 2005 . Recidivism among former recipients who remain unemployed: The vicious circle created by welfare reform . Families in Society , 86 ( 1 ) : 134 – 142 .
- Cheng , T. C. 2007 . Leaving Medicaid without health insurance: TANF policies and recipients' vulnerabilities . Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved , 18 ( 3 ) : 609 – 619 .
- Cohen , S. S. and Lord , H. 2005 . Implementation of the child care and development block grant: A research synthesis . Nursing Outlook , 53 ( 5 ) : 239 – 246 .
- Curtis , K. 1998 . Welfare reform in Delaware: “A better chance” for whom? . Publius—The Journal of Federalism , 28 ( 3 ) : 105 – 122 .
- Devine , P. G. and Baker , S. M. 1991 . Measurement of racial stereotype subtyping . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 17 ( 1 ) : 44 – 50 .
- Federico , C. M. 2004 . When do welfare attitudes become racialized? The paradoxical effects of education . American Journal of Political Science , 48 ( 2 ) : 374 – 391 .
- Fellowes , M. C. and Rowe , G. 2004 . Politics and the new American welfare states . American Journal of Political Science , 48 ( 2 ) : 362 – 373 .
- Fox , C. 2004 . The changing color of welfare? How whites' attitudes toward Latinos influence support for welfare . American Journal of Sociology , 110 ( 3 ) : 580 – 625 .
- Fuller , B. , Kagan , S. L. , Caspary , G. and Gauthier , C. A. 2002 . Welfare reform and child care options for low-income families . Future of Children , 12 ( 1 ) : 97 – 119 .
- Gais , T. and Weaver , R. K. 2002 . State policy choices under welfare reform , Washington, DC : The Brookings Institution . (No. 21)
- Gennetian , L. A. , Crosby , D. A. , Huston , A. C. and Lowe , E. D. 2004 . Can child care assistance in welfare and employment programs support the employment of low-income families? . Journal of Policy Analysis and Management , 23 ( 4 ) : 723 – 743 .
- Gilens , M. 1999 . Why Americans hate welfare: Race, media, and the politics of antipoverty policy , Chicago : University of Chicago .
- Goldberg , G. S. and Collins , S. D. 2001 . Washington's new poor law: Welfare “reform” and the roads not taken, 1935 to the present , New York : Apex Press .
- Gooden , S. T. 2003 . “ Contemporary approaches to enduring challenge: Using performance measures to promote racial equality under TANF ” . In Race and the politics of welfare reform , Edited by: Schram , S. F. , Soss , J. and Fording , R. C. 254 – 278 . Ann Arbor, MI : University of Michigan Press .
- Hagan , J. 2003 . No work, no welfare: What becomes of the welfare leavers who have no official work? , Cleveland, OH : Center on Urban Poverty and Social Change .
- Hagen , J. L. 2004 . Child care services in the JOBS program . Children and Youth Services Review , 26 ( 8 ) : 697 – 710 .
- Handler , J. F. and Hansenfeld , Y. 1991 . The moral construction of poverty: Welfare reform in America , Newbury Park, CA : SAGE .
- Henly , J. R. and Danziger , S. K. 1996 . Confronting welfare stereotypes: Characteristics of general assistance recipients and postassistance employment . Social Work Research , 20 ( 4 ) : 217 – 227 .
- Hero , R. E. and Preuhs , R. R. 2007 . Immigration and the evolving American welfare state: Examining policies in the U.S. states . American Journal of Political Science , 51 ( 3 ) : 498 – 517 .
- Holl , J. L. , Slack , K. S. and Stevens , A. B. 2005 . Welfare reform and health insurance: Consequences for parents . American Journal of Public Health , 95 ( 2 ) : 279 – 285 .
- Johnson , M. 2003 . “ Racial context, public attitudes, and welfare effort in the American states ” . In Race and the politics of welfare reform , Edited by: Sanford , J. S. , Schram , F. and Fording , Richard C. 151 – 170 . Ann Arbor, MI : University of Michigan Press .
- Kalil , A. , Seefeldt , K. S. and Wang , H. C. 2002 . Sanctions and material hardship under TANF . Social Service Review , 76 ( 4 ) : 642 – 662 .
- Kaushal , N. and Kaestner , R. 2001 . From Welfare to Work: Has welfare reform worked? . Journal of Policy Analysis and Management , 20 ( 4 ) : 699 – 719 .
- Keiser , L. R. , Mueser , P. R. and Choi , S. W. 2004 . Race, bureaucratic discretion, and the implementation of welfare reform . American Journal of Political Science , 48 ( 2 ) : 314 – 327 .
- King , R. D. and Wheelock , D. 2007 . Group threat and social control: Race, perceptions of minorities and the desire to punish . Social Forces , 85 ( 3 ) : 1255 – 1280 .
- Lee , B. J. , Slack , K. S. and Lewis , D. A. 2004 . Are welfare sanctions working as intended? Welfare receipt, work activity, and material hardship among TANF-recipient families . Social Service Review , 78 ( 3 ) : 370 – 403 .
- Parisi , D. , McLaughlin , D. K. , Grice , S. M. and Taquino , M. 2006 . Exiting TANF: Individual and local factors and their differential influence across racial groups . Social Science Quarterly , 87 ( 1 ) : 76 – 90 .
- Popple , P. R. and Leighninger , L. 2004 . The policy-based profession: An introduction to social welfare policy analysis for social workers , Boston, MA : Allyn & Bacon .
- Rodgers , H. R. and Payne , L. 2007 . Child poverty in the American states: The impact of welfare reform, economics, and demographics . Policy Studies Journal , 35 ( 1 ) : 1 – 21 .
- Rodgers , H. R. and Tedin , K. L. 2006 . State TANF spending: Predictors of state tax effort to support welfare reform . Review of Policy Research , 23 ( 3 ) : 745 – 759 .
- Schulman , K. and Blank , H. 2002 . State child care assistance policies . Young Children , 57 ( 1 ) : 66 – 69 .
- Soss , J. , Schram , S. F. , Vartanian , T. P. and O'Brien , E. 2001 . Setting the terms of relief: Explaining state policy choices in the devolution revolution . American Journal of Political Science , 45 ( 2 ) : 378 – 395 .
- Stuber , J. and Kronebusch , K. 2004 . Stigma and other determinants of participation in TANF and Medicaid . Journal of Policy Analysis and Management , 23 ( 3 ) : 509 – 530 .
- Tweedie , J. 2000 . From DC to Little Rock: Welfare reform at mid-term . Publius—The Journal of Federalism , 30 ( 1–2 ) : 69 – 97 .
- Urban Institute . 1999 . 1999 NSAF public use file user's guide , Washington, DC : Author . (No. 11)
- U.S. Census Bureau . 2006 . State profile of general demographic characteristics: 2000 Retrieved July 28, 2006, from http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/QTTable
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services . 1999a . Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program: Second annual report to Congress, 1999 , Washington, DC : GPO .
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services . 1999b . Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program: Second annual report to Congress, August 1999 , Washington, DC : USDHHS, Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation .
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services . 2006 . Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program: Seventh annual report to Congress Washington, DC
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services . 2007 . Percent distribution of TANF families by ethnicity/race: October 2004–September 2005 Retrieved October 7, 2007, from www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/ofa/character/FY2005/tab08.htm
- White , L. E. 2001 . Closing the care gap that welfare reform left behind . Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science , 577 : 131 – 143 .
- Wu , C. F. , Cancian , M. , Meyer , D. R. and Wallace , G. L. 2006 . How do welfare sanctions work? . Social Work Research , 30 ( 1 ) : 33 – 50 .