A Comparison of Child Fatalities by Physical Abuse Versus Neglect: Child, Family, Service, and Worker Characteristics

REFERENCES

• Anderson, R., Ambrosino, R., Valentine, D., & Lauderdale, M. (1983). Child deaths attributed to abuse and neglect: An empirical study. Children and Youth Services Review, 5, 75–89.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ayre, P. (2001). Child protection and the media: Lessons from the last three decades. British Journal of Social Work, 31, 887–901.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baer, J.C. D. (2006). Child maltreatment and insecure attachment: A meta‐analysis. Journal of Reproductive & Infant Psychology, 24, 187–197. doi:10.1080/02646830600821231
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barth, R.P., Lloyd, E.C., Christ, S.L., Chapman, M.V., & Dickinson, N.S. (2008). Child welfare worker characteristics and job satisfaction: A national study. Social Work, 53, 199–209.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beveridge, J. (1994). Analysis of Colorado child maltreatment fatalities. Colorado's Children, 13(2), 3–6.
   Google Scholar
• Blanchard, E.B., Jones-Alexander, J.B., Buckley, T.C., & Forneris, C.A. (1996). Psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist (PCL). Behavior Research and Therapy, 34, 669–673.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bride, B.E., Jones, J.L., & MacMaster, S.A. (2007). Correlates of secondary traumatic stress in Child Protective Services workers. Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 4(3/4), 69–80. doi:10.1300/J394v04n03_05
   Google Scholar
• Chance, T.C., & Scannapieco, M. (2002). Ecological correlates of child maltreatment: Similarities and differences between child fatality and nonfatality cases. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 19, 139–161.
   Google Scholar
• Cooper, L. (2005). Implications of media scrutiny for a child protection agency. Journal of Sociology and Social Welfare, 32(3), 107–121.
   Google Scholar
• Damashek, A., Nelson, M.M., & Bonner, B.L. (2013). Fatal child maltreatment: Characteristics of deaths from physical abuse versus neglect. Child Abuse & Neglect, 37, 735–744. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.04.014, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23768940
   Google Scholar
• Douglas, E.M. (2005). Child maltreatment fatalities: What do we know, what have we done and where do we go from here? In K. Kendall-Tackett & S. Gaicomoni (Eds.), Child victimization (pp. 4.1–4.18). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Douglas, E.M. (2009). Media coverage of agency-related child maltreatment fatalities: Does it result in state legislative change intended to prevent future fatalities? Journal of Policy Practice, 8, 224–239.
   Google Scholar
• Douglas, E.M. (2012). Child welfare workers’ training, knowledge, and practice concerns regarding child maltreatment fatalities: An exploratory, multi-state analysis. Journal of Public Child Welfare, 6, 659–677. doi:10.1080/15548732.2012.723975
   Google Scholar
• Douglas, E.M. (2013a). Case, service and family characteristics of households that experience a child maltreatment fatality in the United States. Child Abuse Review, 22, 311–326. doi:10.1002/car.2236
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douglas, E.M. (2013b). Child welfare workers who experience the death of a child client. Administration in Social Work, 37, 59–72. doi:10.1080/03643107.2012.654903, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03643107.2012.654903#.Uw3_1-Io7mI
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Douglas, E.M. (2013c). Symptoms of posttraumatic stress among child welfare workers who experience a maltreatment fatality on their caseload. Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 10, 373–387. doi:10.1080/15433714.2012.664058
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Douglas, E.M., & Mohn, B.M. (2013). Fatal and non-fatal child maltreatment: An analysis of the 2010 National Child Abuse and Neglect Data Set. Child Abuse & Neglect.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ewigman, B., Kivlahan, C., & Land, G. (1993). The Missouri Fatality Study: Underreporting of maltreatment fatalities among children younger than five years of age, 1983 through 1986. Pediatrics, 91, 330–337.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fein, L.G. (1979). Can child fatalities, end product of child abuse, be prevented? Children and Youth Services Review, 1, 31–53. . http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0190740979900690.
   Google Scholar
• Gainsborough, J. (2009). Scandals, lawsuits, and politics: Child welfare policy in the United States. State Politics & Policy Quarterly, 9, 325–355.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gelles, R.J. (1996). The book of David: How preserving families can cost children's lives. New York, NY: Basic.
   Google Scholar
• Graham, J.C., Stepura, K., Baumann, D.J., & Kern, H. (2010). Predicting child fatalities among less-severe CPS investigations. Children and Youth Services Review, 32, 274–280.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Granik, L. (1991). Child maltreatment fatalities in the United States: The problem and responses. Children's Legal Rights Journal, 12(1), 2–11.
   Google Scholar
• Gustavsson, N., & MacEachron, A.E. (2002). Death and the child welfare worker. Children and Youth Services Review, 24, 903–915.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gustavsson, N., & MacEachron, A.E. (2004). When a child welfare client dies: An agency-centered perspective. Child Welfare: Journal of Policy, Practice, and Program, 83, 317–340.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herman-Giddens, M.E., Brown, G., Verbiest, S., Carlson, P.J., Hooten, E.G., Howell, E., & Butts, J.D. (1999). Underascertainment of child abuse mortality in the United States. Journal of the American Medical Association, 282, 463–467.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herman-Giddens, M.E., Smith, J.B., Mittal, M., Carlson, M., & Butts, J.D. (2003). Newborns killed or left to die by a parent: A population-based study. Journal of the American Medical Association, 289, 1425–1429.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horwarth, J. (1995). The impact of fatal child abuse cases on staff: Lessons for trainers and managers. Child Abuse Review, 4, 351–355.
   Google Scholar
• Horwitz, M.J. (2006). Work-related trauma effects in child protection social workers. Journal of Social Service Research, 32(3), 1–18.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jonson-Reid, M., Chance, T., & Drake, B. (2007). Risk of death among children reported for nonfatal maltreatment. Child Maltreatment, 12, 86–95. doi:10.1177/1077559506296722
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kendall-Tackett, K.A., Williams, L.M., & Finkelhor, D. (1993). Impact of sexual abuse on children: A review and synthesis of recent empirical studies. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 164–180.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korbin, J.E. (1987). Incarcerated mothers’ perceptions and interpretations of their fatally maltreated children. Child Abuse & Neglect, 11, 397–407.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kunz, J., & Bahr, S.J. (1996). A profile of parental homicide against children. Journal of Family Violence, 11, 347–362.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lawrence, R., & Irvine, P. (2004). Redefining fatal child neglect. Child Abuse Prevention Issues, 21. . Retrieved from http://www.aifs.gov.au/nch/pubs/issues/issues21/issues21.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Leslie, L.K., Hurlburt, M.S., James, S., Landsverk, J., Slymen, D.J., & Zhang, J. (2005). Relationship between entry into child welfare and mental health service use. Psychiatric Services, 56, 981–987.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levine, M., Freeman, J., & Compaan, C. (1994). Maltreatment-related fatalities: Issues of policy and prevention. Law & Policy, 16, 449–471.
   Google Scholar
• Lucas, D.R., Wezner, K.C., Milner, J.S., McCanne, T.R., Harris, I.N., Monroe-Posey, C., & Nelson, J.P. (2002). Victim, perpetrator, family, and incident characteristics of infant and child homicide in the United States Air Force. Child Abuse & Neglect, 26, 167–186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Margolin, L. (1990). Fatal child neglect. Child Welfare, 69, 309–319.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy, P. (1997). Wasted: The plight of America's unwanted children. Chicago, IL: Ivan R. Dee.
   Google Scholar
• National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System. (2000, March 31). National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System glossary. . Retrieved from http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/resource/ncands-glossary
   Google Scholar
• Ounsted, C., Oppenheimer, R., & Lindsay, J. (1974). Aspects of bonding failure: The psychopathology and psychotherapeutic treatment of families of battered children. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 16, 447–456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Regehr, C., Chau, S., Leslie, B., & Howe, P. (2002a). An exploration of supervisor's and manager's responses to child welfare reform. Administration in Social Work, 26(3), 17–36. doi:10.1300/J147v26n03_02
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Regehr, C., Chau, S., Leslie, B., & Howe, P. (2002b). Inquiries into deaths of children in care: The impact on child welfare workers and their organization. Children and Youth Services Review, 24, 885–902.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rodriguez, C.M., & Tucker, M.C. (2011). Behind the cycle of violence, beyond abuse history: A brief report on the association of parental attachment to physical child abuse potential. Violence & Victims, 26, 246–256. doi:10.1891/0886-6708.26.2.246
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rubin, A., & Babbie, E. (2010). Research methods for social work . (7th ed.). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
   Google Scholar
• Ruggiero, K.J., DelBen, K., Scotti, J.R., & Rabalais, A.E. (2003). Psychometric properties of the PTSD Checklist–Civilian Version. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 16, 495–502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sankey, M. (2003). Fatal assault and neglect of children and young people, NSW Child Death Review Team, NSW Commission for Children and Young People, Sydney.
   Google Scholar
• Sedlak, A.J., Mettenburg, J., Basena, M., Petta, I., McPherson, K., Greene, A., & Li, S. (2010). Fourth National Incidence Study of Child Abuse and Neglect (NIS-4): Report to Congress (U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Administration for Children & Families, Ed.). Washington, DC: Westat.. Retrieved from http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/opre/abuse_neglect/nat1_incid/reports/nat1_incid/nis4_report_congress_full_pdf_jan2010.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Sedlak, A.J. (1997). Risk factors for the occurrence of child abuse & neglect. In R. Geffner. , S. B. Sorenson, & P. K. Lundberg-Love (Eds.), Violence & sexual abuse at home: Current issues in spousal battering & child maltreatment (pp. 149–187).. New York, NY: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Smithey, M. (1998). Infant homicide: Victim/offender relationship and causes of death. Journal of Family Violence, 13, 285–297.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stiffman, M.N., Schnitzer, P.G., Adam, P., Kruse, R.L., & Ewigman, B.G. (2002). Household composition and risk of fatal child maltreatment. Pediatrics, 109, 615–621.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stith, S.M., Liu, T., Davies, L.C., Boykin, E.L., Alder, M.C., Harris, J.M., … Dees, J.E. M. E. G. (2009). Risk factors in child maltreatment: A meta-analytic review of the literature. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 14, 13–29.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (2010). Child maltreatment 2009: Reports from the states to the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data Systems—National statistics on child abuse and neglect. Washington, DC: Administration for Children & Families, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (2011). Child maltreatment 2010: Reports from the states to the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data Systems—National statistics on child abuse and neglect. Washington, DC: Administration for Children & Families, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
   Google Scholar
• Weathers, F.W., Litz, B.T., Herman, D.S., Huska, J.A., & Keane, T.M. (1993, October). The PTSD Checklist (PCL): Reliability, validity, and diagnostic utility. Paper presented at the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies, San Antonio, TX.
   Google Scholar