The Work Experiences of Social Workers: Factors Impacting Compassion Satisfaction and Workplace Stress

References

• American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th Edition-Text Revision (DSM IV-TR). Washington, DC: Author.
   Google Scholar
• American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5). Washington, DC: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Bride, B. E. (2007). Prevalence of secondary traumatic stress among social workers. Social Work, 52(1), 63–70. doi:10.1093/sw/52.1.63
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caringi, J. C., Hardiman, E. R., Weldon, P., Fletcher, S., Devlin, M., & Stanick, C. et al. (2017). Secondary traumatic stress and licensed clinical social workers. Traumatology, 23(2), 186–195. doi:10.1037/trm0000061
   Google Scholar
• Center for Health Workforce Studies, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Rensselaer, NY. (2006). Licensed social workers in the United States, 2004. Rensselaer, NY: Authors.
   Google Scholar
• Collins, S. (2008). Statutory social workers: Stress, job satisfaction, coping, social support and Individual differences. British Journal of Social Work, 38(6), 1173–1193. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcm047
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collings, J. A., & Murray, P. J. (1996). Predictors of stress amongst social workers: An empirical study. British Journal of Social Work, 26(3), 375–387. doi:org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjsw.a011101
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craig, C. D., & Sprang, G. (2010). Compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and burnout in a national sample of trauma treatment therapists. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 23(3), 319–339. doi:10.1080/10615800903085818
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cunningham, M. (2003). Impact of trauma work on social work clinicians: Empirical Findings. Social Work, 48(4), 451–459. doi:10.1007/s10615-014-0481-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daud, S., Kashif, R., & Shuja, H. (2012). Stress in medical educators. Professional Medical Journal, 19(3), 404–410.
   Google Scholar
• Dillenburger, K. (2004). Causes and alleviation of occupational stress in child care work. Child Care in Practice, 10(3), 213–224. doi:10.1080/1357527042000244356
   Google Scholar
• Figley, C. (1995). Compassion fatigue: Coping with secondary traumatic stress disorder in those who treat the traumatized. New York, NY: Brunner-Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• French, S. E., Lenton, R., Walters, V., & Eyles, J. (2000). An empirical evaluation of an expanded Nursing Stress Scale. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 8(2), 161–178.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Goode-Cross, D. T. (2011). Same difference: Black therapists’ experience of same-race therapeutic dyads. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 42(5), 368–374. doi:10.1037/a0025520
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenberg, J. P., Vinjamuri, M., Williams-Gray, B., & Senreich, E. (2018). Shining the light on intersectionality: The complexities of similarity and difference in the therapeutic process from the perspectives of black and Hispanic social workers. Smith College Studies in Social Work, 88(1), 59–81. doi:10.1080/00377317.2018.1404363
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamama, L. (2012). Differences between children’s social workers and adults’ social workers on sense of burnout. work conditions, and organisational social support. British Journal of Social Work, 42(7), 1333–1353. doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcr135
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harr, C. R., Brice, T. S., Riley, K., & Moore, B. (2014). The impact of compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction on social work students. Journal for the Society for Social Work and Research, 5(2), 233–251. doi:10.1086/676518
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, L. M., Cumming, S. R., & Campbell, A. J. (2006). Stress and psychological well-being among allied health professionals. Journal of Allied Health, 35(4), 198–207.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harris Interactive (2001). Attitudes in the American Workplace VII. https://www.stress.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/2001Attitude-in-the-Workplace-Harris.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Ivicic, R., & Motta, R. (2017). Variables associated with secondary traumatic stress among mental health professionals. Traumatology, 23(2), 196–204. doi: 10.1037/trm0000065
   Google Scholar
• Johnson, S., Cooper, C., Cartwright, S., Donald, I., Taylor, P., & Millet, C. (2005). The experience of work-related stress across occupations. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 20(2), 178–187. doi:10.1108/02683940510579803
   Google Scholar
• Kim, H., & Stoner, M. (2008). Burnout and turnover intention among social workers: Effects of role stress, job autonomy, and social support. Administration in Social Work, 32(3), 5–25. doi:10.1080/03643100801922357
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kulkarni, S., Bell, H., Hartman, J. L., & Herman-Smith, R. L. (2013). Exploring individual and organizational factors contributing to compassion satisfaction, secondary traumatic stress, and burnout in domestic violence service providers. Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research, 4(2), 114–130. doi:10.5243/jsswr.2013.8
   Google Scholar
• Lawal, A. M., & Idemudia, E. S. (2017). The role of emotional intelligence and organisational support on work stress of nurses in Ibadan, Nigeria. Curationis, 40(1), e1–e8. doi:10.4102/curationis.v40i1.1715
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lloyd, C., King, R., & Chenoweth, L. (2002). Social work, stress, and burnout: A review. Journal of Mental Health, 11(3), 255–265. doi: 10.1080/09638230020023642
   Google Scholar
• The Marlin Company & The American Institute of Stress (2001). The Workplace Stress Scale. North Haven, CT & Yonkers, NY: Authors.
   Google Scholar
• Maslach, C., Jackson, S. E., & Leiter, M. P. (1996). Maslach Burnout Inventory Manual. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
   Google Scholar
• Mordeno, I. G., Go, G. P., & Yangson-Serondo, A. (2017). Examining the dimensional structure models of secondary traumatic stress based on DSM-5 symptoms. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 25, 154–160. doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2016.10.024
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Association of Social Workers (Center for Workforce Studies) (2006). Assuring the sufficiency of a frontline workforce: A national study of licensed social workers (Executive Summary). Washington, DC: Author.
   Google Scholar
• National Association of Social Workers (North Carolina Chapter) (2016). Social work wellness: Integration of Physical Activity to Promote Health and Wellness among Social Workers. https://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.naswnc.org/resource/resmgr/Practice_Resources/NASW-NC_Social_Work_Wellness.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Newell, J. M., & MacNeil, G. A. (2010). Professional burnout, vicarious trauma, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion fatigue: A review of theoretical terms, risk factors, and preventive methods for clinicians and researchers. Best Practices in Mental Health, 6(2), 57–68.
   Google Scholar
• Osofsky, J. D., Putnam, F. W., & Lederman, C. S. (2008). How to maintain emotional health when working with trauma. Juvenile and Family Court Journal, 59(4), 91–102. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-6988.2008.00023.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parmar, K., Solanski, C., Parikh, M., & Vankar, G. K. (2015). Gender differences in stress at work place among doctors and nurses. GCSMC Journal of Medical Science, 4(2), 108–113.
   Google Scholar
• Pelon, S. B. (2017). Compassion fatigue and compassion satisfaction in hospice social work. Journal of Social Work in End-of-Life and Palliative Care, 13(2–3), 134–150. doi:10.1080/15524256.2017.1314232
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pines, A., & Aronson, E. (1988). Career burnout: Causes and cures. New York: Free Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pooler, D. K., Wolfer, T. A., & Freeman, M. L. (2014). Finding joy in social work: Interpersonal sources. Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services, 95(1), 34–42. doi:10.1606/1044-3894.2014.95.5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rose, M. (2003). Good deal, bad deal? Job satisfaction in occupations. Work, Employment and Society, 17(3), 503–530. doi:10.1177/09500170030173006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwartz, R. H., Tiamiyu, M. F., & Dwyer, D. J. (2007). Social worker hope and perceived burnout: The effects of age, years in practice, and setting. Administration in Social Work, 31(4), 103–119. doi:10.1300/J147v31n04_08
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sembiyan, R., & Patel, J. M. A. (2014). A comparative study on the work-family conflict and work stress among married working women in public and private sector organizations. Indian Streams Research Journal, 4I(7), 1–5.
   Google Scholar
• Stalker, C. A., Mandell, D., Frensch, K. M., Harvey, C., & Wright, M. (2007). Child welfare workers who are exhausted yet satisfied with their jobs: How do that do it? Child and Child & Family Social Work, 12(2), 182–191. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2206.2006.00472.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stevens, M., & Higgins, D. J. (2002). The influence of risk and protective factors on burnout Experienced by those who work with maltreated children. Child Abuse Review, 11(5), 313–331. DOI: 10.1002/car.754
   Google Scholar
• Stamm, B. H. (1999). Secondary traumatic stress: Self-care issues for clinicians, researchers, and educators (2nd ed.). Lutherville, MD: Sidran Press.
   Google Scholar
• Stamm, B. H. (2010). The concise ProQOL Manual (2nd ed.). Pocatello, ID: ProQOL.org.
   Google Scholar
• Storey, J., & Billingham, J. (2001). Occupational stress and social work. Social Work Education, 20(6), 659–670. doi: 10.1080/02615470120089843a
   Google Scholar
• Thomas, J. (2013). Association of personal distress with burnout, compassion fatigue, and compassion satisfaction among clinical social workers. Journal of Social Service Research, 39(3), 365–379. doi:10.1080/01488376.2013.771596
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wagaman, M. A., Geiger, J. M., Shockley, C., & Segal, E. A. (2015). The role of empathy in burnout, compassion satisfaction, and secondary traumatic stress among social workers. Social Work, 60(3), 201–209. doi:org/10.1093/sw/swv014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zerubavel, N., & Wright, M. O. (2012). The dilemma of the wounded healer. Psychotherapy, 49(4), 482–491. doi:10.1037/a0027824
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar