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Leisure Sciences
An Interdisciplinary Journal
Volume 35, 2013 - Issue 5
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Research Articles

Constraints to Park Visitation: A Meta-Analysis of North American Studies

Dino Zanon Graduate School of Business, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
,
Chris Doucouliagos School of Accounting, Economics, and Finance, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
,
John Hall Graduate School of Business, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
&
Leonie Lockstone-Binney College of Business, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Pages 475-493 | Received 11 Mar 2012, Accepted 28 Feb 2013, Published online: 25 Sep 2013

References

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Appendix 1: Studies Included in the Meta-Analysis of Park Constraints

  • Arnold , M. L. and Shinew , K. J. 1998 . The role of gender, race, and income on park use constraints . Journal of Park and Recreation Administration , 16 ( 4 ) : 39 – 56 .
  • Baas , J. M. , Ewert , A. and Chavez , D. J. 1993 . Influence of ethnicity on recreation and natural environment use patterns: Managing recreation sites for ethnic and racial diversity . Environmental Management , 17 ( 4 ) : 523 – 529 . doi: 10.1007/BF02394667
  • Burns , R. C. and Graefe , A. R. 2007 . Constraints to outdoor recreation: Exploring the effects of disabilities on perceptions and participation . Journal of Leisure Research , 39 ( 1 ) : 156 – 181 .
  • Cronan , M. K. , Shinew , K. J. , Schneider , I. , Stanis , S. A. W. and Chavez , D. 2008 . Physical activity patterns and preferences among Latinos in different types of public parks . Journal of Physical Activity and Health , 5 : 894 – 908 .
  • Covelli , E. A. , Burns , R. C. and Graefe , A. 2006 . Perceived constraints by non-traditional users on the Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie New York , NY Paper presented at 2006 Northeastern Recreation Research Symposium
  • Edwards , P. K. 1981 . Race, residence, and leisure style: Some policy implications . Leisure Sciences , 4 : 95 – 112 . doi: 10.1080/01490408109512954
  • Gobster , P. H. 2002 . Managing urban parks for a racially and ethnically diverse clientele . Leisure Sciences , 24 : 143 – 159 . doi: 10.1080/01490400252900121
  • Ho , C. , Sasidharan , V. , Elmendorf , W. , Willits , F. K. , Graefe , A. and Godbey , G. 2005 . Gender and ethnic variations in urban park preferences, visitation and perceived benefits . Journal of Leisure Research , 31 ( 3 ) : 281 – 306 .
  • Jackson , E. L. and Henderson , K. A. 1995 . Gender-based analysis of leisure constraints . Leisure Sciences , 17 : 31 – 51 . doi: 10.1080/01490409509513241
  • Johnson , C. Y. , Bowker , J. M. and Cordell , H. K. 2001 . Outdoor recreation constraints: An examination of race, gender and rural dwelling . Southern Rural Sociology , 17 : 111 – 133 .
  • Mowen , A. J. , Payne , L. L. and Scott , D. 2005 . Change and stability in park visitation constraints revisited . Leisure Sciences , 27 : 191 – 204 . doi: 10.1080/01490400590912088
  • Ostergren , D. , Solop , F. I. and Hagen , K. K. 2005 . National park service fees: Value for the money or a barrier to visitation? . Journal of Park and Recreation Administration , 23 ( 1 ) : 18 – 36 .
  • Scott , D. and Jackson , E. L. 1996 . Factors that limit and strategies that might encourage people's use of public parks . Journal of Park and Recreation Administration , 14 ( 1 ) : 1 – 17 .
  • Scott , D. , Lee , S. , Lee , J. J. and Kim , C. 2006 . Leisure constraints and acculturation among Korean immigrants . Journal of Park and Recreation Administration , 24 ( 6 ) : 63 – 86 .
  • Scott , D. and Munson , W. 1994 . Perceived constraints to park usage among individuals with low incomes . Journal of Park and Recreation Administration , 12 ( 4 ) : 79 – 96 .
  • Shinew , K. J. , Floyd , M. F. and Parry , D. 2004 . Understanding the relationship between race and leisure activities and constraints: Exploring an alternative framework . Leisure Sciences , 26 : 181 – 199 . doi: 10.1080/01490400490432109
  • Shores , K. A. , Scott , D. and Floyd , M. F. 2007 . Constraints to outdoor recreation: A multiple hierarchy stratification perspective . Leisure Sciences , 29 : 227 – 246 . doi: 10.1080/01490400701257948
  • Stanis , S. A. W. , Schneider , I. E. , Chavez , D. J. and Shinew , K. J. 2009 . Visitor constraints to physical activity in park and recreation areas: Differences by race and ethnicity . Journal of Park and Recreation Administration , 27 ( 3 ) : 78 – 95 .
  • Tierney , P. T. , Dahl , R. and Chavez , D. 2001 . Cultural diversity in use of undeveloped natural areas by Los Angeles county residents . Tourism Management , 22 : 271 – 277 . doi: 10.1016/S0261-5177(00)00058-3
  • Wang , Y. , Norman , W. C. and McGuire , F. A. 2005 . A comparative study of leisure constraints perceived by mature and young travelers . Tourism Review International , 80 : 263 – 280 .
  • Washburne , R. F. 1978 . Black under-participation in wildland recreation: Alternative explanations . Leisure Sciences , 2 ( 2 ) : 201 – 210 . doi: 10.1080/01490407809512880
  • West , P. C. 1989 . Urban region parks and black minorities: Subculture, marginality, and interracial relations in park use in the Detroit metropolitan area . Leisure Sciences , 11 : 11 – 28 . doi: 10.1080/01490408909512202

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