Was Bob Seger Right? Relation Between Boredom in Leisure and [Risky] Sex

References

• Adimora , A. A. , Schoenbach , V. J. , Martinson , F. E. A. , Donaldson , K. H. , Fullilove , R. E. and Aral , S. O. 2001 . Social context of sexual relationships among rural African Americans . Sexually Transmitted Diseases , 28 ( 2 ) : 69 – 76 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andersson , N. and Ho-Foster , A. 2008 . 13,915 reasons for equity in sexual offences legislation: A national school-based survey in South Africa . International Journal of Equity in Health , 7 ( 20 ) Retrieved from http://www.equityhealthj.com/content/7/1/20 doi:10.1186/1475- 9276-7-20
   Google Scholar
• Andersson , N. , Ho-Foster , A. , Matthis , J. , Marokoane , N. , Mashiane , V. , Mhatre , S. and Sonnekus , H. 2004 . National cross sectional study of views on sexual violence and risk of HIV infection and AIDS among South African school pupils . British Medical Journal , 329 ( 7472 ) : 952 – 954 . doi: 10.1136/bmj.38226.617454.7C
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnes , G. M. , Hoffman , J. H. , Welte , J. W. , Farrell , M. P. and Dintcheff , B. A. 2006 . Adolescents’ time use: Effects on substance use, delinquency and sexual activity . Journal of Youth and Adolescence , 36 ( 5 ) : 697 – 710 . doi: 10.1007/s10964-006-9075-0
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnett , L. 2005 . Measuring the ABCs of leisure experience: Awareness, boredom, challenge, distress . Leisure Sciences , 27 ( 2 ) : 131 – 155 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brook , D. W. , Morojele , N. K. , Zhang , C. and Brook , J. S. 2006 . South African adolescents: Pathways to risky sexual behavior . AIDS Education and Prevention , 18 ( 3 ) : 259 – 272 . doi: 10.1521/aeap.2006.18.3.259
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buthelezi , T. , Mitchell , C. , Moletsane , R. , De Lange , N. , Taylor , M. and Stuart , J. 2007 . Youth voices about sex and AIDS: Implications for life skills education through the ‘Learning Together’ project in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa . International Journal of Inclusive Education , 11 ( 4 ) : 445 – 459 . doi: 10.1080/13603110701391410
   Google Scholar
• Caldwell , L. L. 2011 . “ Leisure ” . In Encyclopedia of adolescence , Edited by: Brown , B. B. and Prinstein , M. J. 30 San Diego , CA : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Caldwell , L. L. and Darling , N. 1999 . Leisure context, parental control, and resistance to peer pressure as predictors of adolescent partying and substance use: An ecological perspective . Journal of Leisure Research , 31 ( 1 ) : 57 – 77 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caldwell , L. L. , Darling , N. , Payne , L. L. and Dowdy , B. 1999 . Why are you bored?”: An examination of psychological and social control causes of boredom among adolescents . Journal of Leisure Research , 31 ( 2 ) : 102 – 121 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caldwell , L. L. , Smith , E. A. and Weissinger , E. 1992 . Development of a leisure experience battery for adolescents: Parsimony, stability, and validity . Journal of Leisure Research , 24 : 361 – 376 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caldwell , L. L. , Smith , E. A. , Wegner , L. , Vergnani , T. , Mpofu , E. , Flisher , A. J. and Mathews , C. 2004 . HealthWise South Africa: Development of a life skills curriculum for young adults . World Leisure , 3 : 4 – 17 .
   Google Scholar
• Cooper , D. , Hoffman , M. , Carrara , H. , Rosenberg , L. , Kelly , J. , Stander , I. and Shapiro , S. 2007 . Determinants of sexual activity and its relation to cervical cancer risk among South African women . BMC Public Health , 7 : 341
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cooper , M. L. , Shapiro , C. M. and Powers , A. M. 1998 . Motivations for sex and risky sexual behavior among adolescents and young adults: A functional perspective . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 75 ( 6 ) : 1528 – 1558 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox , J. A. 2011 . Identifying predictors of forced sex in South Africa and assessing the impact of HeatlhWise , University Park , PA : The Pennsylvania State University . (Master's Thesis)
   Google Scholar
• Csikszentmihalyi , M. and Larson , R. 1984 . Being adolescent: Growth and conflict in the teenage years , New York , NY : Basic Books .
   Google Scholar
• Eaton , L. , Flisher , A. J. and Aarø , L. E. 2003 . Unsafe sexual behavior in South African youth . Social Science & Medicine , 56 : 149 – 165 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galvan , A. , Hare , T. , Voss , H. , Glover , G. and Casey , B. J. 2007 . Risk-taking and the adolescent brain: Who is at risk? . Developmental Science , 10 : F8 – 14 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardner , M. and Steinberg , L. 2005 . Peer influence on risk taking, risk preference, and risky decision making in adolescence and adulthood: An experimental study . Developmental Psychology , 41 ( 4 ) : 625 – 635 . doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.41.4.625
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haller , M. , Hadler , M. and Kaup , G. 2012 . Leisure time in modern societies: A new source of boredom and stress? . Social Indicators Research , doi: 10.1007/s11205-012-0023-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Justus , A. N. , Finn , P. R. and Steinmetz , J. E. 2000 . The influence of traits of disinhibition on the association between alcohol use and risky sexual behavior . Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research , 24 ( 7 ) : 1028 – 1035 . Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10924006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufman , C. E. , Clark , S. , Manzini , N. and May , J. 2002 . How community structures of time and opportunity shape adolescent sexual behavior in South Africa. Policy Research Division, 159. The Population Council . Retrieved from http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/wp/159.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Kelly , K. and Parker , W. 2000 . Communities of practice: Contextual mediators of youth response to HIV/AIDS . Sentinel Site Monitoring and Evaluation Project: Stage two report
   Google Scholar
• Kiene , S. , Simbayi , L. and Abrams , A. 2008 . High rates of unprotected sex occurring among HIV-positive individuals in a daily diary study in South Africa: The role of alcohol use . Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome , 49 ( 2 ) : 219 – 226 . doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318184559f.High
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kingdon , G. and Knight , J. 2004 . Race and the incident of unemployment in South Africa . Review of Development Economics , 8 : 198 – 222 .
   Google Scholar
• Maharaj , P. and Munthree , C. 2007 . Coerced first sexual intercourse and selected reproductive health outcomes among young women in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa . Journal of Biosocial Science , 39 : 231 – 244 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Milhausen , R. R. , Crosby , R. , Yarber , W. L. , DiClemente , R. J. , Wingood , G. M. and Ding , K. D. 2003 . Rural and nonrural African American high school students and STD/HIV sexual-risk behaviors . American Journal of Health Behavior , 27 ( 4 ) : 373 – 379 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Møller , V. 1991 . Lost generation found: Black youth at leisure. Youth Centre Project and Indicator Project . Indicator South Africa Issue Focus , : 1 – 63 .
   Google Scholar
• Palen , L.-A. , Smith , E. A. , Caldwell , L. L. , Mathews , C. and Vergnani , T. 2009 . Transitions to substance use and sexual intercourse among South African high school students . Substance Use & Misuse , 44 ( 13 ) : 1872 – 1887 . doi: 10.3109/10826080802544547
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patrick , M. E. , Maggs , J. L. and Abar , C. C. 2007 . Reasons to have sex, personal goals, and sexual behavior during the transition to college . Journal of Sex Research , 44 ( 3 ) : 240 – 249 . doi: 10.1080/00224490701443759
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peltzer , K. 2010 . Early sexual debut and associated factors among in-school adolescents in eight African countries . Acta Paediatrica , 99 ( 8 ) : 1242 – 1247 . doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2010.01874.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petersen , I. , Bhana , A. and McKay , M. 2005 . Sexual violence and youth in South Africa: The need for community-based prevention interventions . Child Abuse & Neglect , 29 : 1233 – 1248 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pettifor , A. E. , Rees , H. V. , Kleinschmidt , I. , Steffenson , A. E. , MacPhail , C. , Hlongwa-Madikizela , L. and Padian , N. S. 2005 . Young people's sexual health in South Africa: HIV prevalence and sexual behavior from a nationally representative household survey . AIDS , 19 : 1525 – 1534 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy , S. P. , James , S. , Sewpaul , R. , Koopman , F. , Funani , N. I. , Sifunda , S. and Omardien , R. G. 2010 . Umthente Uhlaba Usamila – The South African Youth Risk Behaviour Survey 2008 , Cape Town , , South Africa : South African Medical Research Council .
   Google Scholar
• Rogan , M. , Hynie , M. , Casale , M. , Nixon , S. , Flicker , S. , Jobson , G. and Dawad , S. 2010 . The effects of gender and socioeconomic status on youth sexual-risknorms: Evidence from a poor urban community in South Africa . African Journal of AIDS Research , 9 ( 4 ) : 355 – 366 . doi: 10.2989/16085906.2010.545639
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rumakom , P. , Guest , P. , Chinvarasopak , W. , Utarmat , W. and Sontanakanit , J. 2005 . “ Obtaining accurate responses to sensitive questions among Thai students: A comparison of two data collection techniques ” . In Sex without consent: Young people in developing countries. , Edited by: Jejeebhoy , S. J. , Iqbal , S. and Thapa , S. New York , NY : Zed Books .
   Google Scholar
• Ryan , R. M. and Deci , E. L. 2000 . Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being . American Psychologist , 55 : 68 – 78 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selikow , T. A. , Ahmed , N. , Flisher , A. J. , Mathews , C. and Mukoma , W. 2009 . I am not “umqwayito”: A qualitative study of peer pressure and sexual risk behavior among young adolescents in Cape Town, South Africa . Scandinavian Journal of Public Health , 37 ( 2, Suppl ) : 107 – 112 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharp , E. H. , Caldwell , L. L. , Graham , J. W. and Ridenour , T. A. 2006 . Individual motivation and parental influence on adolescents’ experiences of interest in free time: A longitudinal examination . Journal of Youth and Adolescence , 35 ( 3 ) : 359 – 272 . doi: 10.1007/s10964-006-9045-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharp , E. H. , Coffman , D. L. , Caldwell , L. L. , Smith , E. A. , Wegner , L. , Vergnani , T. and Mathews , C. 2011 . Predicting substance use behavior among South African adolescents: The role of leisure experiences across time . International Journal of Behavioral Development , 35 ( 4 ) : 343 – 351 . doi: 10.1177/0165025411404494
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shaw , S. M. , Caldwell , L. L. and Kleiber , D. A. 1996 . Boredom, stress and social control in the daily activities of adolescents . Journal of Leisure Research , 28 : 274 – 292 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shisana , O. , Rehle , T. , Simbayi , L. C. , Zuma , K. , Jooste , S. , Pillay-van-Wyk , V. and van Zyl , J. 2009 . South African National HIV Prevalence, Incidence, Behaviour and Communication Survey, 2008: A Turning Tide Among Teenagers? Communication , Cape Town , , South Africa : HSRC Press .
   Google Scholar
• Steinberg , L. and Monahan , K. C. 2007 . Age differences in resistance to peer influence . Developmental Psychology , 43 ( 6 ) : 1531 – 1543 . doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.43.6.1531
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , M. , Dlamini , S. , Nyawo , N. , Huver , R. , Jinabhai , C. and de Vries , H. 2007 . Reasons for inconsistent condom use by rural South African high school students . Acta Paediatrica , 96 ( 2 ) : 287 – 291 . doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00060.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• The National Center of Addiction and Substance Abuse . 2003 . National survey of American attitudes on substance abuse VIII: Teens and parents. Substance abuse , New York , NY : Author . Retrieved from http://www.ncjrs.gov/App/abstractdb/AbstractDBDetails.aspx?id=201752
   Google Scholar
• Vasilenko , S. A. , Cox , J. A. , Smith , E. A. and Caldwell , L. L. 2013 . Predictors of first sexual intercourse in adolescents in Cape Town, South Africa , Manuscript under review .
   Google Scholar
• Wegner , L. 2011 . Through the lens of a peer: Understanding leisure boredom and risk behaviour in adolescence . South African Journal of Occupational Therapy , 41 ( 1 ) : 18 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Wegner , L. 2008 . Leisure boredom and risk behavior in adolescence , South Africa : University of Cape Town . (Doctoral dissertation)
   Google Scholar
• Wegner , L. , Flisher , A. J. , Chikobvu , P. , Lombard , C. and King , G. 2008 . Leisure boredom and high school dropout in Cape Town, South Africa . Journal of Adolescence , 31 ( 3 ) : 421 – 431 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wegner , L. , Flisher , A. J. , Muller , M. and Lombard , C. 2006 . Leisure boredom and substance use among high school learners in South Africa . Journal of Leisure Research , 38 : 249 – 266 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilkinson , L. and Task Force on Statistical Inference . 1999 . Statistical methods in psychology journals: Guidelines and explanations . American Psychologist , 54 ( 8 ) : 594 – 604 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood , K. , Lambert , H. and Jewkes , R. 2007 . Showing roughness in a beautiful way . Medical Anthropology , 21 ( 3 ) : 277 – 300 . doi: 10.1525/MAQ.2007.21.3.277.277
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood , K. , Maforah , F. and Jewkes , R. 1998 . “He forced me to love him”: Putting violence on adolescent sexual health agendas . Social Science & Medicine , 47 ( 2 ) : 233 – 242 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zuma , K. , Mzolo , T. and Makonko , E. 2011 . Determinants of age at sexual debut and associated risks among South African youths . African Journal of AIDS Research , 10 ( 3 ) : 189 – 194 . doi: 10.2989/16085906.2011.626283
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar