Response to congruity or contrast for man‐made features in natural‐recreation settings

References

• Berlyne , D. E. 1960 . Conflict, Arousal and Curiosity , New York : McGraw‐Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Berlyne , D. E. 1963 . Complexity and incongruity variables as determinants of exploratory choice and evaluative ratings . Canadian Journal of Psychology , 17 : 274 – 290 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berlyne , D. E. . Arousal and reinforcement . Nebraska Symposium on Motivation . Vol. 15 , pp. 1 – 110 .
   Google Scholar
• California Coastal Zone Conservation Commissions . 1975 . California Coastal Plan , Sacramento, Calif. : Documents and Publications Branch .
   Google Scholar
• Clamp , P. 1976 . Evaluating English Landscapes—Some recent developments . Environment and Planning A , 8 : 79 – 92 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dunn , M. C. 1976 . Landscape with photographs: Testing the preference approach to landscape evaluation . Journal of Environmental Management , 4 : 15 – 26 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiske , D. W. and Maddi , S. 1961 . “ A conceptual framework ” . In Functions of varied experience , Edited by: Fiske , D. W. and Maddi , S. 11 – 56 . Homewood, Ill. : Dorsey Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gilson , E. 1959 . Painting and Reality , Cleveland : World .
   Google Scholar
• Hubbard , H. W. and Kimball , T. 1929 . An Introduction to the Study of Landscape Design, , 2nd ed. , New York : Macmillan .
   Google Scholar
• Jackson , R. H. , Hudman , L. E. and England , J. 1978 . Assessment of the environmental impact on high voltage power transmission lines . Journal of Environmental Management , 6 : 153 – 170 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobs , P. and Way , D. 1969 . How much development can landscape absorb? . Landscape Architecture , 59 : 296 – 298 .
   Google Scholar
• Kaplan , S. , Kaplan , R. and Wendt , J. S. 1972 . Rated preference and complexity for natural and urban visual material . Perception and Psychophysics , 12 : 354 – 356 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leuba , C. 1955 . Toward some integration of learning theories: the concept of optimal stimulation . Psychological Reports , 1 : 27 – 33 .
   Google Scholar
• Nunnally , J. C. , Faw , T. T. and Bashford , M. B. 1969 . Effect of degrees of incongruity on visual fixations in children and adults . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 81 : 360 – 364 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schultze‐Naumburg , P. 1928 . Die Gestaltung der Landschaft durch den Menschen, , 3rd ed. , Vols. I‐III , Munich : G. Callwey .
   Google Scholar
• Shafer , E. L. Jr. and Mietz , J. 1969 . Aesthetic and emotional experiences rate high with northwest wilderness hikers . Environment and Behavior , 1 : 187 – 198 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinitz , C. and Way , D. 1969 . “ A model for evaluating the visual consequences of urbanization ” . In Qualitative Values in Environmental Planning: A Study of Resource Use in Urbanizing Watersheds , Edited by: Steinitz , C. and Rogers , P. Washington, D.C. : Office of the Chief of Engineers, U.S. Dept. of the Army . Section III.
   Google Scholar
• U.S. Forest Service . 1974 . National Forest Landscape Management, 2. The Visual Management System , (Agricultural Handbook Number 462) Washington, D.C. : Government Printing Office .
   Google Scholar
• Ward , L. M. 1977 . Multidimensional scaling of the molar physical environment . Multivariate Behavioral Research , 12 : 23 – 42 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wohlwill , J. F. 1976 . “ Environmental aesthetics: the environment as a source of affect ” . In Human Behavior and Environment , Edited by: Altman , I. and Wohlwill , J. F. Vol. I , 37 – 86 . New York : Plenum .
   Google Scholar
• Wohlwill , J. F. 1977 . “ Visual assessment of an urban riverfront ” . Unpublished ms.,
   Google Scholar
• Wohlwill , J. F. 1979 . “ What belongs where: Research on fittingness of man‐made structures in natural settings ” . In Assessing Amenity Resource Values , General Technical Report RM‐68 Edited by: Daniel , T. C. , Zube , E. H. and Driver , B. L. 48 – 57 . Ft. Collins, Colorado : Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experimental Station, U.S.D.A. . Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experimental Station, U.S.D.A. (General Technical Report RM‐68),
   Google Scholar
• Zube , E. H. , Pitt , D. G. and Anderson , T. W. 1975 . “ Perception and prediction of scenic resource values of the Northeast ” . In Landscape assessment: Values, Perceptions and Resources , Edited by: Zube , E. H. , Brush , R. O. and Fabos , J. G. 151 – 167 . Stroudsburg, Pa. : Dowden, Hutchinson & Ross .
   Google Scholar