Perceptions of crowding and resource quality by early and more recent visitors

References

• Altaian , I. 1975 . The Environment and Social Behavior , Monterey, California : Brooks/Cole .
   Google Scholar
• Badger , T. J. 1975 . Rawah Wilderness Crowding Tolerances and Some Management Techniques: An Aspect of Social Carrying Capacity , Ft. Collins, Colorado : Colorado State University . M. S. Thesis
   Google Scholar
• Baum , A. and Greenberg , C. I. 1975 . Waiting for a Crowd: The Behavioral and Perceptual Effects of Anticipated Crowding . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 32 (4) : 671 – 679 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cancian , F. M. 1975 . What are Norms? , New York : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Dale , D. and Weaver , T. 1974 . Trampling Effects on Vegetation of the Trail Corridors of North Rocky Mountain Forests . Journal of Applied Ecology , 11 (2) : 762 – 772 .
   Google Scholar
• Driver , B. L. and Tocher , S. R. 1970 . “ Toward a Behavioral Interpretation of Recreation, With Implications for Planning ” . In Elements of Outdoor Recreation Planning , Edited by: Driver , B. L. 9 – 31 . Ann Arbor, Michigan : The University of Michigan Press .
   Google Scholar
• Heberlein , T. A. . Density, Crowding, and Satisfaction: Sociological Studies for Determining Carrying Capacities . Proceedings: River Recreation Management and Research Symposium . pp. 67 – 76 . US DA Forest Service . General Technical Report NC‐28. North Central Forest Experiment Station,
   Google Scholar
• Heberlein , T. A. and Vaske , J. J. 1977 . Crowding and Visitor Conflict on the Bois Brule River , Technical Report, Office of Water Resources Project #A‐006‐ WAS 100 The University of Wisconsin‐Madison .
   Google Scholar
• Heberlein , T. A. and Vaske , J. J. 1979 . The Apostle Island Visitor in 1975 , Working paper No. 11 255 Center for Resource Policy Studies. The University of Wisconsin‐Madison .
   Google Scholar
• Heberlein , T. A. , Alfano , G. , Shelby , B. and Vaske , J. J. . Expectations, Preferences, and Feeling Crowded in Recreation Activities . Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Rural Sociological Society . Burlington, Vermont.
   Google Scholar
• Klein , K. and Harris , B. 1979 . Disruptive Effects of Disconfirmed Expectancies About Crowding . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 37 (5) : 769 – 777 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knopf , R. C. 1972 . Motivational Determinants of Recreation Behavior , 268 Ann Arbor, Michigan : The University of Michigan . M. S. Thesis.
   Google Scholar
• Knopf , R. C. and Driver , B. L. . A Problem‐Solving Approach to Recreation Behavior . Paper presented at the 77th Annual Meeting of the Michigan Academy of Science, Arts, and Letters . Ann Arbor, Michigan. The University of Michigan .
   Google Scholar
• Knopf , R. C. , Driver , B. L. and Bassett , J. R. . Motivations for Fishing . Transactions of the 38th North American Wildlife and Natural Resources Conference . Washington, D. C.. pp. 191 – 204 .
   Google Scholar
• Lawler , E. E. 1973 . Motivation in Work Organizations , Monterey, California : Brooks/Cole .
   Google Scholar
• Lee , R. G. 1975 . The Management of Human Components in the Yosemite National Park Ecosystem , 134 Yosemite, California : The Yosemite Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Lime , D. W. 1975 . “ Sources of Congestion and Visitor Satisfaction in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area ” . In Proceedings Third Boundary Waters Canoe Area Institute , 68 – 82 . Duluth, Minnesota : Quetico‐Superior Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• Lime , D. W. and Lucas , R. 1977 . Good Information Improves the Wilderness Experience . Naturalist , Winter : 18 – 20 .
   Google Scholar
• Nash , R. . River Recreation History and Future . Proceedings: River Recreation Management and Research Symposium . pp. 2 – 7 . USDA Forest Service . General Technical Report NC‐28. North Central Forest Experiment Station,
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen , J. M. and Shelby , B. . River Running in the Grand Canyon: How Much and What Kind of Use . Proceedings: River Recreation Management and Research Symposium . pp. 168 – 177 . USDA Forest Service . General Technical Report NC‐28. North Central Forest Experiment Station,
   Google Scholar
• Nielsen , J. M. , Shelby , B. and Hass , J. E. 1977 . Sociological Carrying Capacity and the Last Settler Syndrome . Pacific Sociological Review , 20 (4) : 568 – 581 .
   Google Scholar
• Schreyer , R. and Roggenbuck , J. W. 1978 . The Influence of Experience Expectations on Crowding Perceptions and Social‐Psychological Carrying Capacities . Leisure Sciences , 1 (4) : 373 – 394 .
   Google Scholar
• Shands , W. E. and Healy , R. G. 1977 . The Lands Nobody Wanted , A Conservation Foundation Report 282 Washington, D. C.
   Google Scholar
• Shelby , B.B. 1976 . Social Psychological Effects of Crowding in Wilderness: The Case of River Trips in the Grand Canyon , Boulder, Colorado : University of Colorado . Ph.D. Dissertation
   Google Scholar
• Stankey , G. H. 1973 . Visitor Perception of Wilderness Recreation Carrying Capacity , USDA Forest Service Research Paper, INT‐142 Ogden, Utah : Inter‐mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station .
   Google Scholar
• Vaske , J. J. . Contact‐preference Norms Versus Actual Contacts: Crowding Among Brule River Canoers . Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Rural Sociological Society . San Francisco, California.
   Google Scholar