A Literature Review of Cultural Stereotypes Associated with Motherhood and Fatherhood

References

• Amir, Y. (1969). Contact hypothesis in ethnic relations. Psychological Bulletin, 71, 319–342. doi: 10.1037/h0027352
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Arditti, D. A., & Lopéz, N. P. (2005). Puerto Rican and Dominican women's perceptions of divorced women. The Politics of the Personal in Feminist Family Therapy, 17, 143–173. doi:10.1300/J086v17n03_08
   Google Scholar
• Arendell, T. (2000). Conceiving and investigating motherhood: The decade’s scholarship. Journal of Marriage and Family, 62, 1192–1207. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2000.01192.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aronson, E. (1972). The social animal. New York, NY: Viking Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ashmore, R. D., D., & Boca, F. K. (1981). Conceptual approaches to stereotypes and stereotyping. In D. L. Hamilton (Ed.), Cognitive processes in stereotyping and intergroup behavior (pp. 1–35). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
   Google Scholar
• *Behnke, A. O., Taylor, B. A., & Parra-Cardona, J. R. (2008). “I hardly understand English, but…”: Mexican origin fathers describe their commitment as fathers despite the challenge of immigration. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 39, 187–205.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bennett, M., & Jamieson, L. (1999). Perceptions of parents as a function of their marital status and sex. Infant and Child Development, 8, 149–154. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1522-7219(199909)8:3<149::AID-ICD196>3.0.CO;2-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Bermudez, J. M., Zak-Hunter, L. M., Stinso, M. A., & Abrams, B. A. (2014). I am not going to lose my kids to the streets: Meanings and experiences of motherhood among Mexican-origin women. Journal of Family Issues, 35, 3–27. doi:10.1177/0192513X12462680
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bozalek, V. (2007). Analysing a text on the prevailing paradigm of ‘family’ in the ‘psy’ professions. In T. Shefer, F. Boonzaier, & P. Kiguwa (Eds), The gender of psychology (pp. 151–164). Cape Town, SA: UCT Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cabrera, N. J., Tamis-LeMonda, C. S., Bradley, R. H., Hofferth, S., & Lamb, M. E. (2000). Fatherhood in the twenty-first century. Child Development, 71, 127–136. doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00126
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Census, B. (2001). Resident population estimates of the United States by sex, race, and Hispanic origin: April 1, 1990 to July 1, 1999, with short-term projection to November 1, 2000. Washington, DC: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Census Bureau (2000). Projections of the resident population by race, Hispanic origin, and nativity: Middle series, 2050 to 2070. Washington, DC: Author.
   Google Scholar
• *Chaney, C. (2009). Boys to men: How perceptions of manhood influence the romantic partnerships of Black men. The Western Journal of Black Studies, 33, 110–122.
   Google Scholar
• Child Trends (2013). World Family Map 2013: Mapping family change and child well-being outcomes. An international report from Child Trends. Retrieved from http://worldfamilymap.org/2013/?utm_source=World+Family+Map&utm_campaign=World+Family+Map&utm_medium=email.
   Google Scholar
• Christopher, K. (2012). Extensive mothering. Gender and Society, 26, 73–96. doi:10.1177/0891243211427700
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Claxton-Oldfield, S., & O'Neil, S. (2007). Perceptions of gay and lesbian stepfamilies. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 46, 1–8. doi:10.1300/J087v46n03_01
   Google Scholar
• Claxton-Oldfield, S., Garber, T., & Gillcrist, K. (2006). Young adults' perceptions of their relationships with their stepfathers and biological fathers. Journal of Divorce and Remarriage, 45, 51–61. doi:10.1300/J087v45n01_03
   Google Scholar
• Claxton-Oldfield, S., O'Neill, S., Thomson, C., & Gallant, B. (2006). Multiple stereotypes of stepfathers. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 44, 165–176. doi:10.1300/J087v44n01_09
   Google Scholar
• Clowes, L. (2006). Men and children: changing constructions of fatherhood in Drum magazine, 1951-1965. In L. Richter & R. Morrell (Eds). Baba: men and fatherhood in South Africa. (pp. 108–117). Cape Town, SA: HSRC Press.
   Google Scholar
• Coles, R. (2001). The parenting roles and goals of single black full-time fathers. Western Journal of Black Studies, 25, 101–116.
   Google Scholar
• Collins, P. H. (2007). Shifting the center: Race, class, and feminist theorizing about motherhood. In Ferguson (Ed.), Shifting the center understanding contemporary families (3rd ed., pp. 197–217). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Coontz, S. (1992). The way we never were. New York: Basic Books.
   Google Scholar
• *Çopur, Z., & Koropeckyj-Cox, T. (2010). University students' perceptions of childless couples and parents in Ankara, Turkey. Journal of Family Issues, 31, 1481–1506. doi:10.1177/0192513X10361577
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Costa, P. A., Pereira, H., & Leal, I. (2015). "The contact hypothesis" and attitudes toward same-sex parenting. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 12, 125–136. doi:10.1007/s13178-014-0171-8
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Costa, P. A., Almeida, R., Anselmo, C., Ferreira, A., Pereira, H., & Leal, I. (2014). University students' attitudes toward same-sex parenting and gay and lesbian rights in Portugal. Journal of Homosexuality, 61, 1667–1686. doi:10.1080/00918369.2014.951253
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crehan, K. (1997). The fractured community landscapes of power and gender in rural Zambia. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
   Google Scholar
• Devine, P. G. (1989). Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56, 5–18. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.56.1.5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Dow, D. M. (2015). Negotiating “The Welfare Queen” and “The Strong Black Woman”: African American middle-class mothers' word and family perspectives. Sociological Perspectives, 58, 36–55. doi:10.1177/0731121414556546
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Durand, T. M. (2011). Latina mothers' cultural beliefs about their children, parental roles, and education: Implications for effective and empowering home-school partnerships. The Urban Review, 43, 255–278. doi:10.1007/s11256-010-0167-5
   Google Scholar
• *Elliott, S., Powell, R., & Brenton, J. (2015). Being a good mom: Low-income, Black single mothers negotiate intensive mothering. Journal of Family Issues, 36, 351–370. doi:10.1177/0192513X13490279
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Enderstein, A. M., & Boonzaier, F. (2015). Narratives of young South African fathers: Redefining masculinity through fatherhood. Journal of Gender Studies, 24, 512–527. doi:10.1080/09589236.2013.856751
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Este, D. C., & Tachble, A. A. (2009). The perceptions and experiences of Russian immigrant and Sudanese refugee men as fathers in an urban center in Canada. The Annals of the American Academy, 624, 139–155. doi:10.1177/0002716209334470
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Frias-Navarro, D., Monterde-I-Bort, H., Pascual-Soler, M., & Badenes-Ribera, L. (2015). Etiology of homosexuality and attitudes toward same-sex parenting: A randomized study. Journal of Sex Research, 52, 151–161. doi:10.1080/00224499.2013.802757
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Frias-Navarro, D., Monterde-I-Bort, H., Barrientos-Delgado, J., Badenes-Ribera, L., & Cardenas-Castro, M. (2014). Beliefs about children's adjustment in same-sex families: Spanish and Chilean university students. Spanish Journal of Psychology, 17 (5), 1–9. doi:10.1017/sjp.2014.5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganong, L. H., & Coleman, M. (1995). The content of mother stereotypes. Sex Roles, 32, 495–512. doi:10.1007/BF01544185
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ganong, L. H., Coleman, M., & Mapes, D. (1990). A meta-analytic review of family structure stereotypes. Journal of Marriage and Family, 52, 287–297. doi:10.2307/353026
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Georgas, J., Berry, J. W., Van de., Vijver, F., Kagitcibasi, C., & Poortinga, Y. H. (2006). Family across cultures: A 30 nation psychological study. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gilbert, D. T. (1989). Thinking lightly about others: Automatic components of the social inference process. In J. S. Uleman & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), Unintended thought (pp. 189–211). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Groundspark (2000). Statistics of US families. Retreived from http://groundspark.org/our-films-and-campaigns/thatfamily/taf_statistics.
   Google Scholar
• Hamilton, D. L. (1979). A cognitive-attributional analysis of stereotyping. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 12), New York, NY: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• *Ito, Y., & Izumi-Taylor, S. (2013). A comparative study of fathers' thoughts about fatherhood in the USA and Japan. Early Child Development and Care, 183, 1689–1704. doi:10.1080/03004430.2012.746969
   Google Scholar
• *Jerome, K., & Sweeney, K. A. (2014). Birth parents' portrayals in children's adoption literature. Journal of Family Issues, 35, 677–704. doi:10.1177/0192513X13493278
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kallet, R. H. (2004). How to write the methods section of a research paper. Respiratory Care, 49, 1229–1232.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Katz, D., & Braly, K. (1933). Racial stereotypes in one hundred college students. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 28, 280–290. doi:10.1037/h0074049
   Google Scholar
• Kitchenham, B. (2004). Procedures for Performing Systematic Reviews: Joint Technical Report. Keele, NCL: Staffs.
   Google Scholar
• *Kwon, Y. I., & Roy, K. M. (2007). Changing social expectations for work and family involvement among Korean fathers. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 38, 285–305.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langa, M. (2010). Adolescent boys’ talk about absent gathers. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 20, 519–526.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lansford, J. E., Deater-Deckard, K., & Bornstein, M. H. (2014). Immigrant families in contemporary society. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• *Lasser, J., Fite, K., & Wadende, A. P. (2011). Fatherhood in Kenyan ethnic communities: Implication for child development. School Psychology International, 32, 49–57. doi:10.1177/0143034310396613
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levine, P. A., & Campbell, D. (1972). Ethnocentrism: Theories of conflict, ethnic attitudes, and group behavior. New York, NY: John Wiley 8 Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Mayovich, M. K. (1972). Stereotypes and racial images: White, black and yellow. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 18, 239–253. doi:10.1177/002076407201800402
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller, W., & Maiter, S. (2008). Fatherhood and Culture: Moving Beyond Stereotypical Undertsandings. Journal of Ethnic & Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 17, 279–300. doi:10.1080/15313200802258216
   Google Scholar
• Mkhize, N. (2006). African traditions and the social, economic and moral dimensions of fatherhood. In L. Richter and R. Morrell (Eds). Baba: men and fatherhood in South Africa (pp. 183–198). Cape Town, SA: HSRC Press.
   Google Scholar
• Morman, M. T., & Floyd, K. (2006). Good fathering: Father and son perceptions of what it means to be a good father. Fathering, 4, 113–136. doi:10.3149/fth.0402.113
   Google Scholar
• Nelson, G., & Prilleltensky, I. (2010). Community Psychology: In pursuit of liberation and well-being. New York, NY: Palgrave MacMillan.
   Google Scholar
• *Qiu, W., Schvaneveldt, P. L., & Sahin, V. (2013). Children's perceptions and definitions of family in China, Ecuador, Turkey, and the United States. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 44, (5), 641–662.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Ratele, K., Shefer, T., & Clowes, L. (2012). Talking South African fathers: A critical examination of men's constructions and experiences of fatherhood and fatherlessness. South African Journal of Psychology, 42, 553–563.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Rincon, M., & Trung Lam, B. (2011). The perspectives of Latina mothers on Latina lesbian families. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 21, 334–349. doi:10.1080/10911359.2011.555641
   Google Scholar
• *Roer-Strier, D., Strier, R., Este, D., Shimoni, R., & Clark, D. (2005). Fatherhood and immigration: Challenging the deficit theory. Child and Child Family Social Work, 10, 315–329. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2206.2005.00374.x
   Google Scholar
• *Sealey-Ruiz, Y. (2013). Learning to resist: Educational counter-narratives of Black college reentry mothers. Teachers College Record, 115, 1–31.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma, M. (2007). Behavioural interventions for preventing and treating obesity in adults. Obesity Reviews, 8, 441–449. doi:10.1111/j.1467-789X.2007.00351.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Statistics Canada. (2012). Cinquante ans de familles au Canada: 1961 à 2011. Retrieved from: http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-312-x/98-312-x2011003_1-fra.cfm
   Google Scholar
• *Strier, R. (2014). Unemployment and fatherhood: Gender, culture and national context. Gender, Work & Organization, 21, 395–410. doi: 0.1111/gwao.12044
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Strier, R., & Roer-Strier, D. (2005). Fatherhood and immigration: Perceptions of Israeli immigrant fathers from Ethiopia and the Former Soviet Union. Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Social Services, 86, 121–133. doi:10.1606/1044-3894.1884
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swartz, S., & Bhana, A. (2009). Teenage Tata: voices of young fathers in South Africa. Cape Town: HSRC Press & Save the Children.
   Google Scholar
• *Taylor, B. A., & Behnke, A. (2005). Fathering across the border: Latino fathers in Mexico and the U.S. fathering. Fathering: A Journal of Theory, Research, and Practice about Men as Fathers, 3, 99–120. doi:10.3149/fth.0302.99
   Google Scholar
• Troilo, J. (2013). The drinker and the nurturer: College students’ perceptions of men and fathers. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 43, 1089–1096. doi:10.1111/jasp.12073
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Troilo, J., & Coleman, M. (2008). College student perceptions of the content of father stereotypes. Journal of Marriage and Family, 70, 218–227. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2007.00473.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Utrata, J. (2008). Keeping the bar low: Why Russia's nonresident fathers accept narrow fatherhood ideals. Journal of Marriage and Family, 70, 1297–1310. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3737.2008.00567.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valiquette-Tessier, S. C., Vandette, M. P., & Gosselin, J. (2015). Is family structure a cue for stereotyping? A systematic review of stereotypes and parenthood. Journal of Family Studies, 21, 33. p. doi:10.1080/13229400.2015.1049955
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weaver, S. E., Umaña-Taylor, A. J., Hans, J. D., & Malia, S. E. C. (2001). Challenges family scholars may face in studying family diversity. Journal of Family Issues, 22, 922–939. doi:10.1177/019251301022007007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Wilkinson, D. L., Magora, A., Garcia, M., & Khurana, A. (2009). Fathering at the margins of society: Reflections from young, minority, crime-involved fathers. Journal of Family Issues, 30, 945–967. doi:10.1177/0192513X09332354
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Wycisk, J., & Kleka, P. (2014). Future psychologists' attitudes toward lesbians raising children together in the situation of child focused intervention. Psychiatria Polska 48, 727–738.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• *Xu, Q., & Yeung, W. J. J. (2013). Hoping for a phoenix: Shanghai fathers and their daughters. Journal of Family Issues, 34, 182–209. doi:10.1177/0192513X12461245à
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar