References
- Schneider , William Jr. 1976 . Food, Foreign Policy and Raw Materials Cartels , New York : Crane, Russak and Company, Inc., for the National Strategy Information Center, Inc. .
- Paarlberg , Robert L. 1978 . “Food, Oil and Coercive Resource Diplomacy” . International Security , III ( 2 ) Fall : 3 – 19 .
- Huntington , Samuel P. 1978 . “Trade, Technology and Leverage’’ . Foreign Policy , Fall : 63 – 80 .
- Holzman , Franklyn and Portes , Richard . 1978 . “The Limits of Pressure” . Foreign Policy , Fall : 80 – 90 .
- For a discussion of this issue see Huntington, op. cit., pp. 74–80
- Defense Science Board Task Force on Export of U.S. Technology . 4 February 1976 . An Analysis of Export Control of U.S. Technology—A DOD Perspective , 4 February , Washington, D.C. : Office of the Director of Defense Research and Engineering .
- Section 406, Public Law 93–618, 93rd Congress, H.R. 10710, January 3, 1975. In the 1972 U.S.‐U.S.S.R. Trade Agreement, the Soviets agreed to suspend exports of a particular commodity if a U.S. producer complained of market disruption
- There are now moves afoot to liberalize both the wording of the Freedom of Emigration clause and the limitations on Eximbank credit to the USSR. See U.S. International Trade Commission, 17th Quarterly Report to the Congress and the East‐West Foreign Trade Board on Trade Between the United States and the Nonmarket Economies During 1978, USITC Publication 965, March, 1979, p. 18
- 4 February 1976 . The Government's Role in East‐West Trade. Problems and Issues , Report of the Comptroller General of the U.S. 4 February , 2 – 25 . Government Accounting Office .
- 1974 . The Government Role in East‐West Trade, and the Secretary of Commerce, Export Administration Report , USGPO, Fourth Quarter . and the GAO report on
- Calculated by the CIA Office of Economic Research from data in factor prices
- Data, ibid. Calculations based on Cobb‐Douglas production function with capital and labor coefficients of .6 and .4, respectively..
- Foster , R. , Hunter , H. and Earle , M. October 1976 . “Assessment of Alternative Soviet Long‐Range Growth Strategies” . In Soviet Economy in a New Perspective , Joint Economic Committee of the U.S. Congress October , 197 – 215 . Washington, D.C. : GPO .
- Berliner , Joseph . 1976 . The Innovation Decision in Soviet Industry , Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press . Chapter II
- Levine . December 1976 . Study of the Political and Military Utility of U.S.‐U.S.S.R. Economic Relations , December , SRI Technical . Note SSC‐TN‐5087–1
- 1972 . Gosplan SSSR, Gosudarstvennyy pyatilentniy plan razvitiya narodnogo khozyaystva SSSR na 1971–1975 gody 56 Moscow
- Green , Donald W. and Levine , Herbert S. 1977 . “Macroeconometric Evidence of the Value of Machinery Imports to the Soviet Union” . In Soviet Science and Technology , George Washington University Edited by: Thomas , John R. and Kruse‐Vaucienne , Ursula M. Washington, D.C. : National Science Foundation .
- The “rule of thumb” is based on information obtained from Soviet officials in conversations with the authors
- Bond , D.L. and Levine , H. S. 1979 . “Energy and Grain in Soviet Foreign Trade” . In Soviet Economy in Transition , Joint Economic Committee of the U .S. Congress Washington, D.C. : GPO . Forthcoming
- See Paarlberg, op. cit., pp. 5–9
- This paper is based on a report prepared by SRI International entitled “Study of the Political and Military Utility of U.S.‐USSR Economic Relations,” SSC‐IN‐5087–1, December 1976. The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of M. Mark Earle, Jr., James E. Cole, Richard B. Foster, and Arthur A. Zuehlke, who prepared various portions of the original study.