REFERENCES
- Taghizadeh , M. ; Ghasemzadeh , R. ; Ashrafizadeh , S.N. ; Saberyan , K. ; Ghanadi Maragheh , M. ( 2008 ) Determination of optimum process conditions for the extraction and separation of zirconium and hafnium by solvent extraction . Hydrometallurgy , 90 : 115 .
- Pickles , C.A. ; Flengas , S.N. (1997) Separation of HfCl4 from ZrCl4 by reaction with solid and liquid alkali chlorides under non-equilibrium conditions. Can. Metall. Q. , 36 (2): 131.
- Levitt , A.E. ; Freund , H. ( 1956 ) Solvent extraction of zirconium with tributylphosphate . J. Am. Chem. Soc. , 78 : 1545 .
- Gupta , B. ; Poonma , M. ; Niti , M. ( 2005 ) Extraction and recovery of zirconium from zircon using Cyanex 923 . Solvent Extr. Ion Exch. , 23 : 345 .
- Biswas , R.K. ; Hayat , M.A. ( 2002 ) Solvent extraction of zirconium(IV) from chloride media by D2EHPA in kerosene . Hydrometallurgy , 63 : 149 .
- Reddy , B.R. ; Rajesh Kumar , J. ; Reddy , A.V. ; Neela Priya , D. ( 2004 ) Solvent extraction of zirconium(IV) from acidic chloride solutions using 2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid mon-2-ethylhexyl ester . Hydrometallurgy , 72 : 303 .
- Sato , T. ; Watanabe , H. ( 1974 ) The extraction of zirconium(IV) from sulphuric acid solutions by long-chain aliphatic amines . J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. , 36 : 2585 .
- Suriyachat , D. ; Distin , P.A. ( 1993 ) Zirconium solvent extraction with Cyanex 923 . Solvent Extraction in the Process Industries , Logsdail , D.H. ; Slater , M.J. , eds.; Elsevier Applied Science : London , 1: 265 .
- Da Silva , A.B.V. ; Distin , P.A. Jr. ( 1998 ) Zirconium and hafnium separation without waste generation . CIM Bulletin , 91 ( 1018 ): 221 .
- Da Silva , A. ; El-Ammouri , E. ; Distin , P.A. ( 2000 ) Hafnium zirconium separation using Cyanex 925 . Can. Metallurg. Q. , 39 : 37 .
- Lee , H.Y. ; Kim , S.G. ; Oh , J.K. ( 2004 ) Stoichiometric relation for extraction of zirconium and hafnium from acidic chloride solutions with Versatic Acid 10 . Hydrometallurgy , 73 : 91 .
- El-Yamani , I.S. ; Farrah , M.Y. ( 1978 ) Co-extraction and separation of zirconium and hafnium by long chain amines from sulphate media . Talanta , 25 : 523 .
- Shults , B.G. ; Larsen , E.M. ( 1950 ) The fractional separation of zirconium and hafnium by extraction with trifluoroacetylacetone . Am. Chem. Soc. , 72 : 3610 .
- Poriel , L. ; Favre-Réguillon , A. ; Pellet-Rostaing , S. ; Lemaire , M. ( 2006 ) Zirconium and hafnium separation, part 1. Liquid/liquid extraction in hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with aliquat 336 . Sep. Sci. Technol , 41 : 1927 .
- Kalyanaraman , S. ; Khopkar , S.M. ( 1977 ) Solvent extraction separation of hafnium with 4-methyl-3-pentene-2-one . Talanta , 25 : 395 .
- Taghizadeh , M. ; Ghasemzadeh , R. ; Ashrafizadeh , S.N. ; Ghanna , M. ( 2009 ) Stoichiometric relation for extraction of zirconium and hafnium from acidic nitrate solutions with CYANEX 272 . Hydrometallurgy , 96 : 77 .
- Rickelton , W.A. ; Boyle , R.J. ( 1988 ) Solvent extraction with organophosphines—commercial & potential applications . J. Sep. Sci. Technol. , 23, 12, 1227 .
- American Cyannamid Company, Cyanex 923 Extractant, Wayne, USA, 1991 .
- American Cyannamid Company, Cyanex 925, Wayne, USA, 1991 .
- Alguacil , F.J. ; Caravaca , C. ; Martinez , S. ; Cobo , A. ( 1994 ) The phosphine oxides CYANEX 923 and CYANEX 925 as extractants for gold(I) cyanide aqueous solutions . Hydrometallurgy , 36 : 369 .
- Marczenko , Z. ( 1976 ) Spectrophotometric Determination of Elements ; Ellis Harwood. Ltd : Poland .