222
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original

THE STATE OF NURSING SCIENCE—CULTURAL AND LIFESPAN ISSUES IN DEPRESSION: PART I: FOCUS ON ADULTS

, PhD, APRN, BC & , PhD, RN
Pages 707-748 | Published online: 09 Jul 2009

REFERENCES

  • Aalto-Setala T., Marthunen M., Tuulio-Hanriksson A., Poikolainen K., Lonnqvist J. Depressive symptoms in adolescence as predictors of early adulthood depressive disorders and maladjustment. American Journal of Psychiatry 2002; 159(7)1235–1237
  • Abraham I. L., Fox J. C., Cohen B. T. Integrating the bio into the biopsychosocial: Understanding and treating biological phenomena in psychiatric mental health nursing. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1992; 5(5)296–305
  • Amankwaa L. C. Postpartum depression among African-American women. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 2003; 24: 297–316
  • American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th ed., text rev. Author, Washington, DC 2000
  • American Psychiatric Nurses Association. Psychiatric mental-health nursing practice. 2004a, http://www.apna.org Retrieved June 27, 2005, from
  • American Psychiatric Nurses Association. Strategic Plan 2004–2006. 2004b, http://www.apna.org Retrieved June 27, 2005, from
  • Arion K. J., Norris A. Assessing risk for depression among immigrants at two-year follow-up. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 2002; xvi(6)245–253
  • Armstrong D. S. Emotional distress and prenatal attachment in pregnancy after perinatal loss. Journal of Nursing Scholarship 2002; 34(4)339–345
  • Arnault D. S., Sakamoto S., Moriwaki A. The association between negative self-descriptions and depressive symptomatology: Does culture make a difference?. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 2005; 19(2)93–100
  • Asten P., Marks M. N., Oates M. R., the TCS-PND Group. Aims, measures, study sites and participant samples of the Transcultural Study of Postnatal Depression. British Journal of Psychiatry 2004; 184: s3–s9, (suppl. 46)
  • Badger T. A., Dumas R., Kwan T. Knowledge of depression and application to practice. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 1996; 17: 93–109
  • Ballas C., Staab J. P., Evans D. L. Strategies for treatment-resistant depression. Psychopharmacology Bulletin 2002; 36(3)39–62
  • Barbee E. L. African American women and depression. A review and critique of the literature. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1992; vi(5)257–265
  • Barbee E. L. Healing time: The blues and African American women. Health Care for Women International 1994; 15(1)53–60
  • Barbee E. L. Racism in mental health. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association 2002; 8(6)194–199
  • Bauer M., Unutzer J., Pincus H., Lawson W. B. Bipolar disorder. Mental Health Services Research 2002; 4(4)225–229
  • Beck A. T. Depression: Causes and treatment. University Press, Philadelphia 1967
  • Beck A. T. The development of depression: A cognitive model. Psychology of depression: Contemporary theory and research, R. Friedman, M. Katz. Winston-Wiley, Washington, DC 1974; 3–28
  • Beck A. T., Rush A. J., Shaw B. E., Emery G. Cognitive theory of depression. Guilford, New York 1979
  • Beck C. T. Predictors of postpartum depression: An update. Nursing Research 2001; 50(5)275–285
  • Beck C. T. Postpartum depression: A metasynthesis. Qualitative Health Research 2002a; 12(4)453–472
  • Beck C. T. Revision of the postpartum depression predictors inventory. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing 2002b; 31(4)394–402
  • Beck C. T. Recognizing and screening for postpartum depression in mothers of NICU infants. (2003). Advances in Neonatal Care 2003; 3(1)37–46
  • Beck C. T. Post-traumatic stress disorder due to childbirth: The aftermath. Nursing Research 2004; 53(4)216–224
  • Beck C. T., Gable R. K. Postpartum Depression Screening Scale: Development and psychometric testing. Nursing Research 2000; 49(5)272–282
  • Beck C. T., Gable R. K. Comparative analysis of the performance of the Postpartum Depression Screening Scale with two other depression instruments. Nursing Research 2001a; 50(4)242–250
  • Beck C. T., Gable R. K. Further validation of the Postpartum Depression Screening Scale. Nursing Research 2001b; 50(3)155–164
  • Beck C. T., Gable R. K. Postpartum Depression Scale: Spanish version. Nursing Research 2003; 52(5)296–306
  • Beebe D. W. Bulimia nervosa and depression: A theoretical and clinical appraisal in light of the binge-purge cycle. British Journal of Clinical Psychology. 1994; 33: 259–276
  • Beeber L. S. Enacting corrective interpersonal experiences with the depressed client: An intervention model. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1989; iii(4)211–217
  • Beeber L. S. Social support, self-esteem, and depressive symptoms in young American women. Image: Journal of Scholarship 1998a; 30(1)91–92
  • Beeber L. S. Treating depression through the therapeutic nurse-client relationship. Nursing Clinics of North America 1998b; 33(1)153–172
  • Beeber L. S. Testing and explanatory model of the development of depressive symptoms in young women during a life transition. Journal of American College of Health 1999; 47(5)227–234
  • Beeber L. S., Caldwell C. L. Pattern integrations in young depressed women: Part I. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1996a; x(3)151–156
  • Beeber L. S., Caldwell C. L. Pattern integrations in young depressed women: Part II. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1996b; x(3)157–164
  • Beeber L. S., Charlie M. L. Depressive symptom reversal for women in primary care setting: A pilot study. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1998; xii(5)247–254
  • Beeber L. S., Holditch-Davis D., Belyea M. J., Funk S. G., Canuso R. In-home intervention for depressive symptoms with low-income mothers of infants and toddlers. Health Care for Women International 2004; 25(6)561–580
  • Beeber L., Leeman J. Living with illness. The pinks and the blues: Symptoms of chronic depression in mothers during their children's first year. American Journal of Nursing 2002; 102(11)91–92; 95–96; 98
  • Beeber L. S., Miles M. S. Maternal mental health and parenting in poverty. Annual Review of Nursing Research. 2003; 21: 303–331
  • Beech B. F. The strengths and weaknesses of cognitive behavioural approaches to treating depression and their potential for wider utilization by mental health nurses. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 2000; 7(4)343–354
  • Berry D. The relationship between depression and emerging adulthood. Advances in Nursing Science 2004; 27(1)53–99
  • Boehnlein B., Oakley L. D. Implications for self-administered St. John's wort for depression symptom management. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners 2002; 14(10)443–448
  • Bohn D. K. Lifetime physical and sexual abuse, substance abuse, depression, and suicide attempts among Native American women. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 2003; 24: 333–352
  • Boulette T. R. Determining needs and appropriate counseling approaches for Mexican-American women: A comparison of therapeutic listening and behavioral rehearsal. R & E Associates, San Francisco, CA 1976
  • Bowers L., Park A. Special observation in the care of psychiatric inpatients: A literature review. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 2001; 22: 769–786
  • Braithwaite R. L., Taylor S. E. Health issues in the black community. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco 1992
  • Brommelhoff J. A., Conway K., Merikangas K., Levy B. R. Higher rates of depression in women: Role of gender bias within the family. Journal of Women's Health 2004; 13(1)69–76
  • Brown G. W., Harris T. Social origins of depression: A study of psychiatric disorder in women. Tavistock Publications, London 1978
  • Brown S. L., Salive M. E., Harris T. B., Simonsick E. M., Guralnik J. M., Kohut F. J. Low cholesterol concentrations and severe depressive symptoms in elderly people. British Medical journal 1994; 308(6940)1328–1332
  • Browne G., Byrne C., Roberts J., Schuster M., Ewart B., Gafni A., Watt S., Sahford Y., Jamieson E. Resilience and vulnerability in mothers and children receiving social assistance: Prevalence, correlates and expenditures. Clinical Excellence for Nurse Practitioners 1997; 1(5)312–323
  • Bruce M. L., Smith W., Miranda J., Hoagwood K., Wells K. B. Community-based interventions. Mental Health Services Research 2002; 4(4)205–214
  • Bruce M. L., Wells K. B., Miranda Lewis L., Gonzales J. J. Barriers to reducing burden of affective disorders. Mental Health Services Research 2002; 4(4)187–195
  • Buckwalter K. C., Gerdner L., Kohout F., Hall G., Kelly A., Richards B., Sime M. A nursing intervention to decrease depression in family caregivers of persons with dementia. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1999; xiii(2)80–88
  • Burnand Y., Andreoli A., Kolatte E., Venturini A., Rosset N. Psychodynamic psychotherapy and clomipramine in the treatment of major depression. Psychiatric Services 2002; 53(5)585–590
  • Carrington C. H. A comparison of cognitively and analytically oriented brief treatment approaches to depression in Black women. 1980a; 7371–001, Dissertation Abstracts, 1980, Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation
  • Carrington C. H. Depression in Black women: A theoretical appraisal. The Black woman, L. Rogers-Rose. Sage, Beverly Hills, CA 1980b; 265–271
  • Chapleski E. E., Kaczynski R., Gerbi S. A., Lichtenberg P. A. American Indian elders and depression: Short- and long-term effects of life events. Journal of Applied Gerontology 2004; 23(1)40–57
  • Chapleski E. E., Lamphere J. K., Kaczynski R., Lichtenberg P. A., Dwyer J. W. Structure of a depression measure among American Indian Elders: Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the CES-D Scale. Research on Aging 1997; 19(4)462–285
  • Chernomas W. M. Experiencing depression: Women's perspectives in recovery. Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. 1997; 4: 393–400
  • Clarke C., Paine L. L. Psychopharmacologic management of women with common mental health problems. Journal of Nurse-Midwifery 1997; 42(3)254–274
  • Cleveland Healthy Family/Healthy Start Perinatal Depression Project Team. Feelings of African American Perinatal Women: Summary Report. Author, Cleveland, OH 2003
  • Cockerman W. C. Sociology of mental disorder. 3rd Ed. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ 1992
  • Coleman C. L. The contribution of religious and existential well-being to depression among African American heterosexuals with HIV infection. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 2004; 25(1)103–110
  • Committee on Quality Health Care in America, Institute of Medicine. Crossing the quality chasm: A new health system for the 21st century. National Academy Press, Washington, DC 2001
  • Constantine M. G., Okazaki S., Utsey S. O. Self-concealment, social self-efficacy, acculturative stress, and depression in African, Asian, and Latin American international college students. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 2004; 74(3)230–241
  • Constantino R. E., Sekula L. K., Lebish J., Buehner E. Depression and behavioral manifestations of depression in female survivors of the suicide of their significant other and female survivors of abuse. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association 2002; 8(1)27–32
  • Contreras S., Fernandez S., Malcarne V. L., Ingram R. E., Vaccarino V. R. Reliability and validity of the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories in Caucasian Americans and Latinos. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 2004; 26(4)446–462
  • Cox J. L. Perinatal mood disorders in a changing culture: A transcultural European and African perspective. International Review of Psychiatry. 1999; 11: 103–110
  • Curyto K. J., Chapleski E. E., Lichtenberg P. A., Hodges E., Kacyzynski R., Sobeck J. Prevalence and prediction of depression in American Indian elderly. Clinical Gerontologist 1998; 18(3)19–37
  • Depression Guideline Panel. Depression in primary care. US Department of Health & Human Services, Agency for Health Care Policy & Research, Rockville, MD 1993
  • Douki S., Tabbane K. Culture and depression. World Health 1996; 49(2)22–43
  • Duran B., Sanders M., Skipper B., Waltzkin H., Malcos H., Paine S., Yager J. Prevalence and correlates of mental disorders among Native American Women in primary care. American Journal of Public Health 2004; 94(1)71–64
  • Finkelman A. W. Mental health policy: Implications for newborns, infants, and families. Newborn and Infant Nursing Reviews (NBIN) 2003; 3(1)18–26
  • Flacker J. M., Spiro L. Does question comprehension limit the utility of the Geriatric Depression Scale in older African Americans?. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2003; 51(10)1511–1512
  • Flaskerud J. H. Ethnicity, culture, and neuropsychiatry. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 2000; 21(1)5–29
  • Flett G. L., Vredenburg K., Krames L. The continuity of depression in clinical and nonclinical samples. Psychological Bulletin 1997; 121(3)395–416
  • Fonte J., Horton-Deutsch S. Treating postpartum depression in immigrant Muslim women. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association 2005; 11(1)39–44
  • Ford D. E., Pincus H. A., Unutzer J., Bauer M. S., Gonzales J. J., Wells K. B. Practice-based interventions. Mental Health Services Research 2002; 4(4)199–195
  • Freeman E. W., Sammel M. D., Liu L., Gracia C. R., Nelson D. B., Hollander L. Hormones and menopausal status as predictors of depression in women in transition to menopause. Archives of General Psychiatry 2004; 61: 62–70
  • Freud S. Mourning and melancholia., Standard ed. Hogarth Press, London 1957; vol. 14
  • Gartstein M. A., Sheeber L. Child behavior problems and maternal symptoms of depression: A mediational model. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Nursing 2004; 17(4)141–150
  • Gaynes B. N., Gavin N., Meltzer-Brody S., Lohr K. N., Swinson T., Garlehner G., Brody S., Miller W. C. Perinatal depression: Prevalence, screening accuracy, and screening outcomes. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Washington, DC 2005, Evidence Report/Technology Assessment, Number 119
  • Geon Y.-H. Mental health nurses' work with family caregivers of older people with depression: Review of the literature. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 2003; 24: 813–828
  • Gonzales E. W. The relationships of nurses' critical thinking ability and perceived patient self-disclosure to accuracy in assessment of depression. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 1996; 17: 111–122
  • Gonzales J. J., Wells K. B., Miranda J. Research development mechanisms. Mental Health Services Research 2002; 4(4)255–256
  • Gordon V. C., Matwychuk A. K., Sachs E. G., Canedy B. H. A 3-year follow-up of a cognitive-behavioral therapy intervention to reduce depression in women. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1988; ii(4)218–226
  • Gross D., Grady J. Group-based parent training for preventing mental health disorders in children. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 2002; 23: 367–383
  • Guerrero-Berroa E., Phillips R. S.C. Health care paraprofessionals' awareness of the symptoms of geriatric depression. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing 2001; 39(11)14–20
  • Hagerty B. M., Williams R. A. The effects of sense of belonging, social support, conflict and loneliness on depression. Nursing Research 1999; 48(4)215–219
  • Harman J. S., Reynolds C. F. Removing the barriers to effective depression treatment. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2000; 48(8)1012–1013
  • Hauenstein E. J. A nursing practice paradigm for depressed rural women: The women's affective illness treatment program. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1996a; xi(1)37–45
  • Hauenstein E. J. Testing innovative nursing care: Home intervention with depressed rural women. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 1996b; 17: 33–50
  • Hauenstein E. J. A nursing practice paradigm for depressed rural women: Theoretical basis. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1997; x(5)283–292
  • Hauenstein E. J. No comfort in the rural south: Women living depressed. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 2003; xvii(1)3–11
  • Hayden E. P., Klein D. N. Outcome of dysthymic disorder at 5-year follow-up: The effect of familial psychopathology, early adversity, personality, comorbidity, and chronic stress. American Journal of Psychiatry 2001; 158(11)1864–1870
  • Hedelin B., Strandmark M. The meaning of depression from the life-world perspective of elderly women. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 2001; 22: 401–420
  • Heiman E. M., Kahn M. W. Mental health patients in a barrio health center. International Journal of Social Psychiatry 1976; 21(3)197–204
  • Heneghan A. M., Mercer M., DeLeone N. L. Will mothers discuss parenting stress and depressive symptoms with their child's pediatrician?. Pediatrics 2004; 113(3)460–467
  • Heneghan A. M., Silver E. J., Bauman L. J., Westbrook L. E., Stein R. K. Depressive symptoms in inner-city mothers of young children: Who is at risk?. Pediatrics 1998; 102(6)1394–1400
  • Herrera A. E., Sanchez V. C. Behaviorally oriented group therapy: A successful application in the treatment of low income Spanish speaking clients. Psychotherapy with the Spanish-speaking: Issues in research and service delivery, Monograph Number Three, M. R. Miranda. Spanish Speaking Mental Health Research Center, Los Angeles, CA 1976; 73–84
  • Hoffman S., Hatch M. C. Depressive symptomatology during pregnancy: Evidence for an association with decreased fetal growth in pregnancies of lower class women. Health Psychology 2000; 19(6)535–543
  • Horowitz J. A., Bell M., Trybulski J., Munro B. H., Moser D., Hartz S. A., McCordic L., Elyse S. Promoting responsiveness between mothers with depressive symptoms and their infants. Journal of Nursing Scholarship 2001; 33(4)323–329
  • Horowitz S., Hoagwood K. Children and adolescents. Mental Health Services Research 2002; 4(4)225–229
  • Horwath E. M., Johnson J., Klerman G. L., Weissman M. M. What are the public health implications of subclinical depressive symptoms?. Psychiatric Quarterly 1994; 65(4)323–337
  • Hovey J. D., Magafia C. G. Cognitive, affective, and physiological expression of anxiety symptomatology among Mexican migrant farm workers: Predictors and generational differences. Community Mental Health Journal 2002; 38(3)223–237
  • Hung C.-H. Predictors of postpartum women's health status. Journal of Nursing Scholarship 2004; 36(4)345–351
  • Hunkeler E. M., Meresman J. F., Hargreaves W. A., et al. Efficacy of nurse telehealth care and peer support in augmenting treatment of depression in primary care. Archives of Family Medicine. 2000; 9: 700–708
  • Husaini B. A. Predictors of depression among the elderly: Racial differences over time. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 1997; 67(1)48–58
  • International Society of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurses. Diversity, cultural competence and access to mental health care. 2003, http://www.ispn-psych.org Retrieved from June 27, 2005
  • International Society of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurses. Strategic Plan 2000-2003. 2000a, http://www.ispn-psych.org Retrieved from, June 27, 2005
  • International Society of Psychiatric-Mental Health Nurses. White paper on the global burden of disease. 2000b, http://www.ispn-psych.org Retrieved from, June 27, 2005
  • Jones D. J., O'Connell C., Gound M., Heller L., Forehand R. Predictors of self-reported physical symptoms in low-income, inner-city African American women: The role of optimism, depressive symptoms, and chronic illness. Psychology of Women Quarterly. 2004; 28: 112–121
  • Jones E. D., Beck-Little R. The use of reminiscence therapy for the treatment of depression in rural-dwelling older adults. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 2002; 23: 279–290
  • Kammeyer K. C. W., Ritzer G., Yetman N. R. Sociology: Experiencing changing societie, 5th ed. Allyn and Bacon, Houston 1992
  • Kaye L., Morton J., Bowcutt M., Maupin D. Stress, depression, and psychoneuroimmunology. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing 2000; 32(2)93–100
  • Klerman G. L. The interpersonal model. Models of depressive disorders, J. J. Mann. Plenum Press, New York 1989; 45–77
  • Koenig K. Management of the depression-pain syndrome. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association 2005; 11(2)81–87
  • Kohn L. P., Oden T., Munoz R. F., Robinson A., Leavitt D. Adapted cognitive behavioral group therapy for depressed low-income African American women. Community Mental Health Journal 2002; 38(6)497–504
  • Kornstein S. G., Sloan D. E., Thase M. E. Gender-specific differences in depression and treatment response. Psychopharmacology Bulletin 2002; 36: 99–112, (suppl 3)
  • Kraaij V., Arensman E., Spinhoven P. Negative life events and depression in elderly persons: A meta-analysis. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences & Social Sciences 2002; 57B(1)P87–P94
  • Kurlowicz L. H. Benefits of psychiatric consultation-liaison nurse interventions for older hospitalized patients and their nurses. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 2001; xv(2)53–61
  • Kurlowicz L. H., Streim J. E. Measuring depression in hospitalized, medically ill, older adults. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1998; xii(4)209–218
  • Laraia M. T., Nihart M. A. Psychopharmacology for psychiatric nurses: Case studies and the ANA guidelines. Invited paper presented at Contemporary Forums 10th Anniversary Conference on Psychiatric Nursing, Boston, MA, May, 1995
  • Lee E. E., Farran C. J. Depression among Korean, Korean American, and Caucasian American family caregivers. Journal of Transcultural Nursing 2004; 15(1)18–25
  • Leonard L. G. Depression and anxiety disorders during multiple pregnancy and parenthood. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing 1998; 27(3)329–337
  • Lessig D. Z. Primary care diagnosis and pharmacologic treatment of depression in adults. Nurse Practitioner: American Journal of Primary Health Care 1996; 21(10)75–76
  • Lewinsohn P. M., Rohde P., Seeley J. R., Klein D. H., Gotlib I. H. Psychosocial functioning of young adults who have experienced and recovered from major depressive disorder during adolescence. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 2003; 112(3)353–363
  • Logsdon M. C., Usui W. Psychosocial predictors of postpartum depression in diverse groups of women. Western Journal of Nursing Research 2001; 23I(6)563–574
  • Lovejoy M. C., Graczy P. A., O'Hare E., Neuman G. Maternal depression and parenting behavior: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review 2000; 20(5)561–592
  • Lutz W. J., Hock E. Factors that influence depressive symptoms in mothers of infants: An interpersonal perspective. Psychology of Women Quarterly. 1998; 22: 499–503
  • Lutz W. J., Hock E. Parental emotions following the birth of the first child: Gender differences in depressive symptoms. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 2002; 72(3)415–421
  • Lutz W. J., Warren B. J. Symptomatology and medication monitoring for public mental health consumers: A cultural perspective. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association. 2001; 7: 115–124
  • Lyness J. M., Noel T. K., Cox C., King D. A., Conwell Y., Caine E. D. Screening for depression in elderly primary care patients: A comparison of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale. Archives of Internal Medicine 1997; 157(4)449–454
  • Martinez-Schallmoser L., Tellen S., MacMullen N. J. The effect of social support and acculturation on postpartum depression in Mexican American women. Journal of Transcultural Nursing 2003; 14(4)329–338
  • McDonald W. M., Salzman C., Schatzberg A. F. Depression in the elderly. Psychopharmacology Bulletin 2002; 36(2)112–122
  • McEnany G. W. Neuropsychiatric disorders: Dementia versus depression versus drug toxicities. Invited paper presented at Contemporary Forms 10th Anniversary Conference on Psychiatric Nursing, Boston, MA, May, 1995
  • McGrath E., Keita G. P., Strickland B. R., Russo N. F. Women and depression: Risk factors and treatment issues. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC 1992, Final report of the American Psychological Association's National Task Force on Women and Depression
  • McGuire T., Wells K. B., Bruce M. L., Miranda J., Scheffler R., Durham M., Ford D. E., Lewis L. Burden of illness. Mental Health Services Research 2002; 4(4)179–185
  • Mechanic D. The experience and expression of distress: The study of illness behavior and medical utilization. Handbook of health, health care, and the health professions, D. Mechanic. The Free Press, New York 1983; 591–607
  • Mills T. L., Alea N. L., Cheong J. A. Differences in the indicators of depressive symptoms among a community sample of African American and Caucasian older adults. Community Mental Health Journal 2004; 49(4)309–331
  • Miranda J., Bruce M. L. Gender issues and socially disadvantaged women. Mental Health Services Research 2002; 4(4)249–253
  • Miranda J., Gonzales J. J. Research on reducing burden of affective disorders for special populations: Introduction and general recommendation. Mental Health Services Research 2002; 4(4)223–224
  • Miranda J., Lawson W., Escobar J. Ethnic minorities. Mental Health Services Research 2002; 4(4)231–237
  • Mirowsky J., Ross C. E. Social patterns of distress. Annual Review of Sociology 1986; 12: 23–45
  • Munet-Vilaro F., Folkman S., Gregorich S. Depressive symptomatology in three Latino groups. Western Journal of Nursing Research 1999; 21(2)209–224
  • Musil C. M., Haug M. R., Warner C. D. Stress, health and depressive symptoms in older adults at three points over 18 months. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 1998; 19: 207–224
  • National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Medicine. Unequal treatment: Confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care. National Academies Press, Washington, DC 2003
  • National Institutes of Mental Health. Breaking ground, breaking through: The strategic plan for mood disorders research. Author, Washington, DC 2003, NIH Publication No. 03-5121
  • Nemeroff C. Recent advances in the neurobiology of depression. Psychopharmacology Bulletin 2002; 36(2)6–23
  • News. Elderly people with severe depression face increased risk for death. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing 2002; 40(12)12–13
  • Nolen-Hoeksema S. Gender differences in depression. Current Directions in Psychological Science 2001; 10(5)173–176
  • Novosel L. M. Securing mental health parity: The struggle to become law. The American Journal for Nurse Practitioners 2004; 8(6)9–22
  • Oakley L. D. Marital status, gender role attitude, and Black women's report of depression. National Black Nurses' Association 1986; 1(1)41–51
  • Oakley L. D., Kane J. Personal and social illness demands related to depression. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1999; 13(6)294–302
  • Oates M. R., Cox J. L., Neema S., Asten P., Glangeaud-Freudenthat N., Figueiredo B., Gorman L. L., Hacking S., Hirst E., Kammerer M. H., Klier C. M., Seneviratne G., Smith M., Sutter-Dallay A.-L., Valoriani V., Wickberg B., Youshida K., the TCS-PND Group. Postnatal depression across countries and cultures: A qualitative study. British Journal of Psychiatry 2004; 184: s10–s14, (supp. 46)
  • O'Hara M., Gorman L. L. Can postpartum depression be predicted?. Primary Psychiatry 2004; 11(3)42–47
  • O'Hara M. W., Swain A. M. Rates and risk of postpartum depression: A meta-analysis. International Review of Psychiatry 1999; 8(1)37–44
  • Olshansky E. A theoretical explanation for previously infertile mothers' vulnerability to depression. Journal of Nursing Scholarship 2003; 35(3)263–268
  • Pang K. Symptoms of depression in elderly Korean immigrants: Narration and the healing process. Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry 1998; 22(1)93–122
  • Parker G. Depression in the planet's largest ethnic group: The Chinese. The American Journal of Psychiatry 2001; 158(6)857–865
  • Parlocha P. K., Chafez L. Planning home care for elderly patients with major depressive disorder: Limits of diagnosis-based critical paths. Home Health Care Management & Practice 1999; 11(4)27–37
  • Peden A. R., Aryens M. K., Hall L. A. A community-based depression prevention intervention with low-income single mothers. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association 2005; 11(1)18–25
  • Peden A. R., Rayens M. K., Hall L. A., Grant E. Negative thinking and the mental health of low-income single mothers. Journal of Nursing Scholarship 2004; 36(4)337–344
  • Peplau H. E. Interpersonal Relations in Nursing: A Conceptual Framework for Psychodynamic Nursing. Putnam, New York 1952
  • Petterson S. M., Albers A. B. Effects of poverty and maternal depression on early child development. Child Development 2001; 72(6)1794–1813
  • Posmontier B., Horowitz J. A. Postpartum practices and depression prevalences: Technocentric and ethnokinship cultural perspectives. Journal of Transcultural Nursing 2004; 15(1)34–43
  • President's N ew, Freedom Commission on Mental Health, DHHS. Achieving the promise: Transforming mental health in America. Rockville, MD 2003, Final report. DHHS Pub. No. SMA-03-3832
  • Preskorn S. H. Polypharmacy in a patient with refractory major depression: Part I: The case. Journal of Psychiatric Practice 2002; 8(6)370–376
  • Proffitt C., Augspurger P., Byrne M. Geriatric depression: A survey of nurses' knowledge and assessment practices. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 1996; 17: 123–130
  • Radloff L. S., Locke B. Z. The community mental health assessment survey and the CES-D scale, M. M. Weissman, J. K. Myers, C. E. Ross. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ 1986; 177–189
  • Rainruber B. Client and provider perspectives regarding the stigma of a non-stigmatizing intervention for depression. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 2002; xvi(5)201–201
  • Rickelman B. L. Demoralization as a precursor to serious depression. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association. 2002; 8: 9–17
  • Rosenbaum J. N. Depression: Viewed from a transcultural nursing theoretical perspective. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 1989; 14: 7–12
  • Ruiz D. S. Handbook of mental health and mental disorder among Black Americans. Greenwood Press, New York 1990
  • Sahr N. Assessment and diagnosis of elderly depression. Clinical Excellence for Nurse Practitioners 1999; 3(3)158–164
  • Sargent J., Williams R. A., Hagerty B., Lynch-Sauer J., Hoyle K. Sense of belonging as a buffer against depressive symptoms. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association 2002; 8(4)120–129
  • Saur C. D., Harpole L. H., Steffens D. C., Fulcher C. D., Porterfield Y., Haverkamp R., Kivett D., Unutzer J. Treating depression in primary care: An innovative role for mental health nurses. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association 2002; 8(5)159–167
  • Schreiber R., Hartrick G. Keeping it together: How women use the biomedical explanatory model to manage the stigma of depression. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 2002; 23: 91–105
  • Seligman M. Helplessness: On depression, development and death. Freeman, SanFrancisco 1975
  • Serby M., Yu M. There's good news about depression in the elderly. Clinical Advisor 2003; 6(9)64–75
  • Shelton R. C., Keller M. B., Gelenberg A., Dunner D. L., Hirschfeld R., Thase M. E., Russell J., Lydiard R. B., Crits-Cristoph P., Gallop R., Todd L., Hellerstein D., Goodnick P., Keitner G., Stahl S. M., Halbreich U. Effectiveness of St. John's wort in major depression: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association 2002; 285(15)1978–1986; 2023–2024
  • Shin J. K. Help-seeking behaviors by Korean immigrants for depression. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 2002; 23: 461–476
  • Skarsater I., Dencker K., Agren H. The experience of social support in patients suffering from treatment-refractory depression: A pilot study. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1999; xiii(2)89–96
  • Smedley B. D., Butler A. S., Bristow L. R. In the compelling interest: Ensuring diversity in the health-care workforce. National Academy Press, Washington, DC 2004
  • Smith G. R., Kramer T. L., Hollenberg J. A., Mosley C. L., Ross R. L., Burnam A. Validity of the Depression-Arksanas (D-ARK) Scale: A tool for measuring major depressive disorder. Mental Health Services Research 2002; 4(3)167–173
  • Solomon A., Haaga D. A. F., Arnow B. A. Is clinical depression distinct from subthreshold depressive symptoms? A review of the continuity issue in depression research. Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 2001; 189(8)498–506
  • Spector R. E. Cultural diversity in health and illness. 6th Ed. Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 2004
  • Steen M. Essential structure and meaning of recovery from clinical depression for middle-adult women: A phenomenological study. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 1996; 17: 73–92
  • Stuart G., Laraia M. A clinical update on the art and science of depression. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association, Chicago, IL, 1993
  • Swanson K. M. Effects of caring, measurement, and time on miscarriage impact and women's well-being. Nursing Research 1999; 48(6)288–298
  • Szalavits M. Searching for hidden links to depression: Profile of Charles Nemeroff, MD, PhD. NARSAD Research Newsletter 2002; 14(3)1–3
  • Szasz T. S. The myth of mental illness: Foundations of a theory of personal conduct. Harper & Row, New York 1970
  • Taylor S. E. The mental health status of black Americans: An overview. Health issues in the black community, R. L. Braithwaite, S. E. Taylor. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco 1997; 20–34
  • Tian H., Sturm R. Depression and leaving employment among older adult Americans. Psychiatric Services 2004; 55(1)20
  • To S. E., Zepf R. A., Woods A. G. The symptoms, neurobiology, and current pharmacological treatment of depression. Journal of Neuroscience Nursing 2005; 37(2)102–107
  • Tomes E. K., Brown A., Semenya K., Simpson J. Depression in Black women of low socioeconomic status: Psychosocial factors and nursing diagnosis. Journal of the National Black Nurses Association 1990; 4(2)37–46
  • Torres S., Hae-Ra H. Psychological distress in non-Hispanic white and Hispanic abused women. Archives in Psychiatric Nursing 2000; xiv(1)19–29
  • Tucker S., Brust S., Richardson B. Validity of the Depression Coping Self-Efficacy Scale. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 2002; xvi(3)125–133
  • Ugarriza D. N. Screening for postpartum depression. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing 2000; 38(12)44–51
  • Ugarriza D. N. Elderly women's explanation of depression. Journal of Gerontological Nursing 2002a; 28(5)22–29; 54–55
  • Ugarriza D. N. Postpartum depressed women's explanation of depression. Journal of Nursing Scholarship 2002b; 34(3)227–233
  • Ugarriza D. N. Group therapy and its barriers for women suffering from postpartum depression. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 2004; xviii(2)34–48
  • U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Healthy people 2000: National health promotion and disease prevention objectives. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 1990
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Mental health: A report of the Surgeon General. DHHS, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental Health Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institutes of Mental Health, Rockville, MD 1999
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Mental health: Culture, race, and ethnicity. A supplement to mental health: A report of the Surgeon General. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Services, Office of the Surgeon General, Rockville, MD 2001
  • U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (USDDHS). Healthy people 2010. International Medical Publications, McLean, VA 2002, Retrieve from http://www.healthypeople.gov
  • U.S. Public Health Service. Report of the Surgeon General's Conference on Children's Mental Health: A national action agenda. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, Washington, DC 2000, Retrieved from http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/cmh/default.htm
  • Unutzer J., Bruce M. L. The elderly. Mental Health Services Research 2002; 4(4)245–247
  • Unutzer J., Choi Y., Cook I. A., Oishi S. A web-based data management system to improve care for depression in a multicenter clinical trial. Psychiatric Services 2002; 53(6)671–678
  • Wang J., Langille D. B., Patten S. B. Mental health services received by depressed persons who visited general practitioners & family doctors. Psychiatric Services 2003; 54(6)878–883
  • Warren B. J. Depression in African-American women. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing 1994; 32(3)29–33
  • Warren B. J. Examining the experience of depression for African-American women using womanist and psychiatric mental health nursing perspectives. The Womanist: Journal for Afrocentric Feminist Researchers 1995; 1(2)7–12, http://www.uga.edu/∼womanist/warren1.2.htm Retrieved May 9, 2005 from
  • Warren B. J. Constructing a model for depression in middle class African-American women by exploring relationships between stressful life events, social support and self- esteem. Dissertation Abstracts, UMI, Ann Arbor, MI 1996, (No. 9612289)
  • Warren B. J. Depression, stressful life events, social support and self-esteem in middle class African-American women. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 1997; ii(3)107–117
  • Warren B. J. Psychosocial bases for understanding human behavior within a cultural context. Psychiatric mental health nursing: An evidenced approach to clinical care, C. J. Cornwell. Lippincott, Baltimore, MD, (in press)
  • Warren B. J., Lutz W. J. A consumer-oriented practice model for psychiatric mental health nursing. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing 2000; xiv(3)117–126
  • Weeks S. K., McGann P. E., Michales T. K., Penninx B. W. J. H. Comparing various short-form geriatric depression scales leads to the GDS-5/15. Journal of Nursing Scholarship 2003; 35(2)133–137
  • Weissman M. M., Markowitz J. C. Interpersonal psychotherapy. Current status. Archives of General Psychiatry 1994; 51(8)599–606
  • Weissman M. M., Olfson M. Depression in women: Implications for health care research. Science. 1995; 269: 799–801
  • Weissman M. M., Wichramaratne P., Adams P. B., Lish J. P., Horwath E., Charney D., Woods S. W., Leeman E., Frosch E. The relationship between panic disorder and major depression. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1993; 50: 767–780
  • Wells K. B., Miranda J., Gonzales J. J. NIMH Working Group in Overcoming Barriers and Creating Opportunities to Reduce Burden on Affective Disorders. Mental Health Services Research 2002a; 4(4)175–178
  • Wells K. B., Miranda J., Gonzalez J. J. Overcoming barriers & creating opportunities to reduce burden of affective disorders: A new research agenda. Introduction. Mental Health Services Research 2002b; 4(4)175–178
  • Woods N. F., Lentz M., Mitchell E., Oakley L. D. Depressed mood and self-esteem in young Asian, Black, and White women. Health Care for Women International 1994; 15(3)243–262
  • Yarcheski A., Mahon N. E. A causal model of depression in early adolescence. Western Journal of Nursing Research 2000; 22(8)879–895
  • Yonkers K. A., Ramin S. M., Rush A. J., Navarrete C. A., Carmody T., March D., Heartwell S. F., Leveno K. J. Onset and persistence of postpartum depression in an inner-city maternal health clinic system. American Journal of Psychiatry 2001; 158(11)1856–1863
  • Zahran H. S., Kobau R., Moriarty D. G., Zack M. M., Giles W. H., Lando J. Self-reported frequent mental distress among adults—United States, 1993–2001. Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report 2004; 53(41)963–966
  • Zauszniewski J., Ahmad M. Patterns of depressive symptoms in three groups of depressed adults. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 2000; 21: 711–720
  • Zauszniewski J. A., Chung C. W., Krafcik K., Sousa V. D. Psychometric testing of the Depressive Cognition Scale in women with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Nursing Management 2001; 9(1)61–72

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.