Publication Cover
Neurological Research
A Journal of Progress in Neurosurgery, Neurology and Neurosciences
Volume 43, 2021 - Issue 6
546
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Research Paper

Trends of stroke attributable to high sodium intake at the global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2019: a population-based study

, , ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 474-481 | Received 10 Aug 2020, Accepted 17 Dec 2020, Published online: 30 Dec 2020

References

  • Johnson CO, Nguyen M, Roth GA, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016. Lancet Neurol. 2019;18:439–458.
  • Kim J, Thayabaranathan T, Donnan GA, et al. Global stroke statistics 2019. Int J Stroke. 2020;15:819–838.
  • Aburto NJ, Ziolkovska A, Hooper L, et al. Effect of lower sodium intake on health: systematic review and meta-analyses. BMJ. 2013;346:f1326.
  • Karppanen H, Mervaala E. Sodium intake and hypertension. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2006;49:59–75.
  • He FJ, Tan M, Ma Y, et al. Salt reduction to prevent hypertension and cardiovascular disease: JACC state-of-the-art review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75:632–647.
  • Huang L, Trieu K, Yoshimura S, et al. Effect of dose and duration of reduction in dietary sodium on blood pressure levels: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ. 2020;368. DOI:10.1136/bmj.m315
  • Mackay J, Mensah GA The atlas of heart disease and stroke: world health organization, 2004
  • Mozaffarian D, Fahimi S, Singh GM, et al. Global sodium consumption and death from cardiovascular causes. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:624–634.
  • Strazzullo P, D’Elia L, Kandala N-B, et al. Salt intake, stroke, and cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of prospective studies. BMJ. 2009;339:b4567.
  • WHO. Salt reduction. 2020.
  • Collaborators GRF. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2017. Lancet. 2019;393:1923–1994.
  • Collaborators GDaH. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 359 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study. Lancet. 2019;393:1859–1922.
  • Afshin A, Sur PJ, Fay KA, et al. Health effects of dietary risks in 195 countries, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2017. Lancet. 2019;393:1958–1972.
  • Collaborator GRF. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016 (vol 390, pg 1343, 2017). Lancet. 2017;390:1736.
  • Wang L, Wu X, Du J, et al. Global burden of ischemic heart disease attributable to ambient PM2. 5 pollution from 1990 to 2017. Chemosphere. 2020;263:128134.
  • Hankey BF, Ries LA, Kosary CL, et al. Partitioning linear trends in age-adjusted rates. Cancer Cause Control. 2000;11:31–35.
  • Cheng X, Yang Y, Schwebel DC, et al. Population ageing and mortality during 1990–2017: a global decomposition analysis. PLOS Med. 2020;17:e1003138.
  • Grillo A, Salvi L, Coruzzi P, et al. Sodium intake and hypertension. Nutrients. 2019;11(9):1970.
  • Kuwabara M, Kanbay M, Niwa K, et al. Hyperosmolarity and increased serum sodium concentration are risks for developing hypertension regardless of salt intake: a five-year cohort study in Japan. Nutrients. 2020;12 (5):1422.
  • Barberio AM, Sumar N, Trieu K, et al. Population-level interventions in government jurisdictions for dietary sodium reduction: a cochrane review. Int J Epidemiol. 2017;46:1405–1551.
  • Hoppu U, Hopia A, Pohjanheimo T, et al. Effect of salt reduction on consumer acceptance and sensory quality of food. Foods. 2017. 6(12):103.
  • Kypridemos C, Guzman-Castillo M, Hyseni L, et al. Estimated reductions in cardiovascular and gastric cancer disease burden through salt policies in England: an IMPACTNCD microsimulation study. Bmj Open. 2017;7:e013791.
  • He FJ. Pombo-Rodrigues S and MacGregor GA. Salt reduction in England from 2003 to 2011: its relationship to blood pressure, stroke and ischaemic heart disease mortality. Bmj Open. 2014;4:e004549.
  • Magnusson R, Reeve B. Food reformulation, responsive regulation, and “regulatory scaffolding”: strengthening performance of salt reduction programs in Australia and the United Kingdom. Nutrients. 2015;7:5281–5308.
  • He F, Brinsden HC, MacGregor GA. Salt reduction in the United Kingdom: a successful experiment in public health. J Hum Hypertens. 2014;28:345–352.
  • Wang H, Abbas KM, Abbasifard M, et al. Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950–2019: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019. Lancet. 2020;396:1160–1203.
  • Collaborators GBDN, Nichols E, Alam T. Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016. Lancet Neurol. 2019;18:459–480.
  • Collaborators G. Global, regional, and country-specific lifetime risks of stroke, 1990 and 2016. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:2429–2437.
  • Murray CJ, Aravkin AY, Zheng P, et al. Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019. Lancet. 2020;396:1223–1249.
  • Vos T, Lim SS, Abbafati C, et al. Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019. Lancet. 2020;396:1204–1222.
  • Lozano R, Fullman N, Mumford JE, et al. Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2019. Lancet. 2020;396:1250–1284.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.