REFERENCES
- Alford , C. , Miles , T. , Palmer , R. and Espino , D. 2001 . An introduction to geriatrics for first-year medical students . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 49 : 782 – 787 .
- Anderson , D. and Wiscott , R. 2003 . Comparing social work and non-social work students' attitudes about aging: Implications to promote work with elders . Journal of Gerontological Social Work , 42 ( 2 ) : 21 – 36 .
- Angiullo , L. , Whitbourne , S. and Powers , C. 1996 . The effects of instruction and experience on college students' attitudes toward the elderly . Educational Gerontology , 22 : 483 – 495 .
- Bollen , K. 1989 . Structural equations with latent variables , New York : John, Wiley and Sons .
- Butler , R. 1969 . Ageism: Another form of bigotry . Gerontologist , 9 : 243 – 246 .
- Fitzgerald , J. , Wray , L. , Halter , J. , Williams , B. and Supiano , M. 2003 . Relating medical students' knowledge, attitudes, and experience to an interest in geriatric medicine . Gerontologist , 43 : 849 – 855 .
- Flood , M. T. and Clark , R. B. 2009 . Exploring knowledge and attitudes toward aging among nursing and nonnursing students . Educational Gerontology , 35 : 587 – 595 .
- Flora , D. B. and Curran , P.J. 2004 . An empirical evaluation of alternative methods of estimation for confirmatory factor analysis with ordinal data . Psychological Methods , : 466 – 491 .
- Gellis , Z. D. , Sherman , S. and Lawrance , F. 2003 . First year graduate social work students' knowledge of and attitude toward older adults . Educational Gerontology , 29 : 1 – 16 .
- Holtzman , J. M. , Beck , J. D. and Kerber , P. E. 1979 . Dimensional aspects of attitudes toward the aged [Abstract] . Gerontologist , 19 : 91
- Hughes , N. , Soiza , R. , Chua , M. , Hoyle , G. , MacDonald , A. , Primsrose , W. and Seymour , D. 2008 . Medical student attitudes toward older people and willingness to consider a career in geriatric medicine . Journal of the American Geriatric Society , 56 : 334 – 338 .
- Iwasaki , M. and Jones , J. 2008 . Attitudes toward older adults: A reexamination of two major scales . Gerontology and Geriatrics Education , 29 : 139 – 157 .
- Jansen , D. A. and Morse , W. A. 2004 . Positively influencing student nurse attitudes toward caring for the elderly: Results of a curriculum assessment study . Gerontology & Geriatrics Education , 25 ( 2 ) : 2 – 14 .
- Joreskog , K. G. 1969 . A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis . Psychometrika , 34 : 183 – 202 .
- Joreskog , K. G. and Sorbom , D. 1981 . LISREL V: Analysis of Linear structural Relations by the Method of Maximum Likelihood , Chicago : International Educational Services .
- Kearney , N. , Miller , M. , Paul , J. and Smith , K. 2000 . Oncology healthcare professionals' attitudes toward elderly people . Annals of Oncology , 11 : 599 – 601 .
- Kline , R. B. 2005 . Principles and practice of structural equation modeling , 2nd , New York : Guilford .
- Knapp , J. and Stubblefield , P. 2000 . Changing students' perceptions of aging: The impact of an intergenerational service learning course . Educational Gerontology , 26 : 611 – 621 .
- Maxwell , J. A. 2005 . “ Qualitative research design: An interactive approach ” . In , 2nd , Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage Publications .
- Moriello , G. R. , Smey , J. W. , Pescatello , L. S. and Murphy , M. A. 2005 . Influence of an educational intervention on pre-allied health students' attitudes toward older adults . Gerontology & Geriatrics Education , 25 ( 3 ) : 1 – 11 .
- Mulaik , S. , James , L. , Van Alstine , J. , Bennett , N. , Lind , S. and Stilwell , C. D. 1989 . Evaluation of goodness-of-fit indices for structural equation models . Psychological Bulletin , 105 : 430 – 455 .
- Muthén , B. , du Toit , S. H. C. and Spisic , D. 1997 . Robust inference using weighted least squares and quadratic estimating equations in latent variable modeling with categorical and continuous outcomes , Unpublished manuscript .
- Olson , C. J. 2002 . A curriculum module enhances students' gerontological practice-related knowledge and attitudes . Journal of Gerontological Social Work , 38 ( 4 ) : 85 – 102 .
- Osgood , C. E. and Suci , G. J. 1955 . Factor analysis of meaning . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 50 : 325 – 338 .
- Osgood , C. E. , Suci , G. J. and Tannenbaum , P. H. 1957 . The measurement of meaning , Urbana, IL : University of Illinois Press .
- Osgood , N. J. 1996 . “ Society does not respect the elderly ” . In An aging population: Opposing viewpoints , Edited by: Cozic , C. P. 173 – 187 . San Diego, CA : Greenhaven Press .
- Palmore , E. B. 1999 . Ageism: Negative and positive , 2nd , New York : Springer .
- Polizzi , K. 2003 . Assessing attitudes toward the elderly: Polizzi's refined version of the Aging Semantic Differential . Educational Gerontology , 29 : 197 – 216 .
- Polizzi , K. and Millikin , R. 2002 . Attitudes toward the elderly: Identifying problematic usage of ageist and overextended terminology in research instructions . Educational Gerontology , 28 : 367 – 377 .
- Polizzi , K. and Steitz , J. 1998 . Examining the Aging Semantic Differential: Suggestions for refinement . Educational Gerontology , 24 : 207 – 223 .
- Ragan , A. and Bowen , A. 2001 . Improving attitudes regarding the elderly population: The effects of information and reinforcement for change . Gerontologist , 41 : 511 – 515 .
- Roberts , E. , Richeson , N. , Thornhill , J. , Corwin , S. and Eleazer , P. 2006 . The senior mentor program at the University of South Carolina School of Medicine: An innovative geriatric longitudinal curriculum . Gerontology and Geriatrics Education , 27 ( 2 ) : 11 – 23 .
- Rosencranz , H. and McNevin , T. 1969 . A factor analysis of attitudes toward the aged . Gerontologist , 9 : 55 – 59 .
- Schumacker , R. and Lomax , R. 2004 . A beginner's guide to structural equation modeling , 2nd , New York : Taylor & Francis .
- Steiger , J. 1990 . Structural model evaluation and modification: An interval estimation approach . Multivariate Behavioral Research , 25 : 173 – 180 .
- Stewart , T. , Eleazer , G. , Boland , R. and Wieland , G. 2007 . The middle of the road: Results from the Aging Semantic Differential with four cohorts of medical students . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 55 : 1275 – 1280 .
- Underwood , D. V. , Eklund , S. J. and Whisler , S. 1985 . A reexamination of the factor structure of the semantic deferential using a generalized social object . Educational Gerontology , 11 : 321 – 335 .
- Westmoreland , G. R. , Counsell , S. R. , Schubert , Y. C. , Frank , K. I. , Wu , J. Frankel , R. M. 2009 . Improving medical student attitudes toward older patients through a “council of elders” and reflective writing experience . Journal of the American Geriatrics Society , 57 : 315 – 320 .
- Wilkinson , T. , Gower , S. and Sainsbury , R. 2002 . The earlier, the better: The effect of early community contact on the attitudes of medical students to older people . Medical Education , 36 : 540 – 542 .
- Zuilen , M. , Rubert , M. , Silverman , M. and Lewis , J. 2001 . Medical students' positive and negative misconceptions about the elderly: The impact of training in geriatrics . Gerontology & Geriatrics Education , 21 ( 3 ) : 31 – 40 .