714
Views
74
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Agent Technologies Designed to Facilitate Interactive Knowledge Construction

, &
Pages 298-322 | Published online: 09 Jul 2008

REFERENCES

  • Anderson , J. R. , Corbett , A. T. , Koedinger , K. R. and Pelletier , R. 1995 . Cognitive tutors: Lessons learned. . Journal of the Learning Sciences , 4 : 167 – 207 .
  • Atkinson , R. K. 2002 . Optimizing learning from examples using animated pedagogical agents. . Journal of Educational Psychology , 94 : 416 – 427 .
  • Azevedo , R. and Cromley , J. G. 2004 . Does training on self-regulated learning facilitate students' learning with hypermedia. . Journal of Educational Psychology , 96 : 523 – 535 .
  • Baylor , A. L. and Kim , Y. 2005 . Simulating instructional roles through pedagogical agents. . International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education , 15 : 95 – 115 .
  • Biswas , G. , Leelawong , K. , Schwartz , D. and Vye , N. 2005 . the Teachable Agents Group at Vanderbilt. Learning by teaching: A new agent paradigm for educational software. . Applied Artificial Intelligence , 19 : 363 – 392 .
  • Chi , M. T. H. , de Leeuw , N. , Chiu , M. and LaVancher , C. 1994 . Eliciting self-explanations improves understanding. . Cognitive Science , 18 : 439 – 477 .
  • Chi , M. T. H. , Siler , S. A. and Jeong , H. 2004 . Can tutors monitor students' understanding accurately? . Cognition and Instruction , 22 : 363 – 387 .
  • Chi , M. T. H. , Siler , S. A. , Jeong , H. , Yamauchi , T. and Hausmann , R. G. 2001 . Learning from human tutoring. . Cognitive Science , 25 : 471 – 533 .
  • Clark , H. H. and Brennan , S. E. 1991 . “ Grounding in communication. ” . In Perspectives on socially shared cognition , Edited by: Resnick , J. , Levine , L. and Teasely , S. 127 – 149 . Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
  • Cohen , P. A. , Kulik , J. A. and Kulik , C. C. 1982 . Educational outcomes of tutoring: A meta-analysis of findings. . American Educational Research Journal , 19 : 237 – 248 .
  • Cole , R. , van Vuuren , S. , Pellom , B. , Hacioglu , K. , Ma , J. Movellan , J. 2003 . Perceptive animated interfaces: First steps toward a new paradigm for human computer interaction. . Proceedings of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers , 91 : 1391 – 1405 .
  • Corbett , A. T. 2001 . Cognitive computer tutors: Solving the two-sigma problem. . User Modeling: Proceedings of the 8th international conference of the UM 2001 , : 137 – 147 .
  • Craig , S. D. , Gholson , B. , Ventura , M. and Graesser , A. C. 2000 . the Tutoring Research Group. Overhearing dialogues and monologues in virtual tutoring sessions: Effects on questioning and vicarious learning. . International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education , 11 : 242 – 253 .
  • D'Mello , S. K. , Craig , S. D. and Graesser , A. C. 2006 . Predicting affective states through an emote-aloud procedure from AutoTutor's mixed-initiative dialogue. . International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education , 16 : 3 – 28 .
  • D'Mello , S. K. , Craig , S. D. , Witherspoon , A. , McDaniel , B. and Graesser , A. C. 2008 . Automatic detection of learner's affect from conversational cues. . User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction , 18 ( 1–2 ) : 45 – 80 .
  • Driscoll , D. M. , Craig , S. D. , Gholson , B. , Ventura , M. , Hu , X. and Graesser , A. C. 2003 . Vicarious learning: Effects of overhearing dialog and monolog-like discourse in a virtual tutoring session. . Journal of Educational Computing Research , 29 : 431 – 450 .
  • Ekman , P. 2003 . Emotions revealed , New York : Times Books .
  • Glenberg , A. M. , Wilkinson , A. C. and Epstein , W. 1982 . The illusion of knowing: Failure in the self-assessment of comprehension. . Memory & Cognition , 10 : 597 – 602 .
  • Goldman , S. R. , Duschl , R. A. , Ellenbogen , K. , Williams , S. and Tzou , C. T. 2003 . “ Science inquiry in a digital age: Possibilities for making thinking visible. ” . In Cognition in a digital world , Edited by: van Oostendorp , H. 253 – 284 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
  • Graesser , A. C. , Chipman , P. , Haynes , B. C. and Olney , A. 2005 . AutoTutor: An intelligent tutoring system with mixed-initiative dialogue. . IEEE Transactions in Education , 48 : 612 – 618 .
  • Graesser , A. C. , D'Mello , S. K. , Craig , S. D. , Witherspoon , A. , Sullins , J. McDaniel , B. 2008 . The relationship between affect states and dialogue patterns during interactions with AutoTutor. . Journal of Interactive Learning Research , 19 : 293 – 312 .
  • Graesser , A. C. and Gernsbacher , M. A. 2003 . Handbook of discourse processes , Edited by: Goldman , S. NJ, Mahwah : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
  • Graesser , A. C. , Hu , X. , Person , P. , Jackson , T. and Toth , J. 2004 . Modules and information retrieval facilities of the Human Use Regulatory Affairs Advisor (HURAA). . International Journal on eLearning , 3 : 29 – 39 .
  • Graesser , A. C. , Jackson , G. T. and McDaniel , B. 2007 . AutoTutor holds conversations with learners that are responsive to their cognitive and emotional states. . Educational Technology , 47 : 19 – 22 .
  • Graesser , A. C. , Lu , S. , Jackson , G. T. , Mitchell , H. , Ventura , M. Olney , A. 2004 . Auto-Tutor: A tutor with dialogue in natural language. . Behavioral Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers , 36 : 180 – 193 .
  • Graesser , A. C. , McNamara , D. S. and VanLehn , K. 2005 . Scaffolding deep comprehension strategies through Point&Query, AutoTutor, and iSTART. . Educational Psychologist , 40 : 225 – 234 .
  • Graesser , A. C. , Moreno , K. , Marineau , J. , Adcock , A. , Olney , A. and Person , N. 2003 . “ AutoTutor improves deep learning of computer literacy: Is it the dialog or the talking head? In U. ” . In Proceedings of artificial intelligence in education , Edited by: Hoppe , F. , Verdejo and Kay , J. 47 – 54 . Amsterdam : IOS Press .
  • Graesser , A. C. and Person , N. K. 1994 . Question asking during tutoring. . American Educational Research Journal , 31 : 104 – 137 .
  • Graesser , A. C. , Person , N. K. and Magliano , J. P. 1995 . Collaborative dialogue patterns in naturalistic one-to-one tutoring. . Applied Cognitive Psychology , 9 : 495 – 522 .
  • Graesser , A. C. , Ventura , M. , Jackson , G. T. , Mueller , J. , Hu , X. and Person , N. 2003 . “ The impact of conversational navigational guides on the learning, use, and perceptions of users of a Web site. ” . In Proceedings of the AAAI Spring symposium 2003 on Agent-Mediated Knowledge Management , 9 – 14 . Palo Alto, CA : AAAI Press .
  • Graesser , A. C. , Wiemer-Hastings , K. , Wiemer-Hastings , P. and Kreuz , R. 1999 . the Tutoring Research Group. AutoTutor: A simulation of a human tutor. . Journal of Cognitive Systems Research , 1 : 35 – 51 .
  • Graesser , A. C. , Wiley , J. , Goldman , S. R. , O'Reilly , T. , Jeon , M. and McDaniel , B. 2007 . A SEEK Web Tutor: Fostering a critical stance while exploring the causes of volcanic eruption. . Metacognition and Learning , 2 ( 2–3 ) : 89 – 105 .
  • Gratch , J. , Rickel , J. , Andre , E. , Cassell , J. , Petajan , E. and Badler , N. 2002 . Creating interactive virtual humans: Some assembly required. . IEEE Intelligent Systems , 17 : 54 – 63 .
  • Halpern , D. F. 2002 . An introduction to critical thinking , 4th , Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. .
  • Hu , X. and Graesser , A. C. 2004 . Human Use Regulatory Affairs Advisor (HURAA): Learning about research ethics with intelligent learning modules. . Behavioral Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers , 36 : 241 – 249 .
  • Jackson , G. T. , Olney , A. , Graesser , A. C. and Kim , H. J. 2006 . “ AutoTutor 3-D Simulations: Analyzing user's actions and learning trends. ” . In Proceedings of the 28th annual meeting of the Cognitive Science Society , Edited by: Son , R. 1557 – 1562 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
  • Johnson , W. L. and Beal , C. 2005 . “ Iterative evaluation of a large-scale intelligent game for language learning. ” . In Artificial intelligence in education: Supporting learning through intelligent and socially informed technology , Edited by: Looi , G. , McCalla , B. , Bredeweg , C. and Breuker , J. 290 – 297 . Amsterdam : IOS Press .
  • Johnson , W. L. , Rickel , J. and Lester , J. 2000 . Animated pedagogical agents: Face-to-face interaction in interactive learning environments. . International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education , 11 : 47 – 78 .
  • Jurafsky , D. and Martin , J. H. 2000 . Speech and language processing: An introduction to natural language processing, computational linguistics, and speech recognition , Upper Saddle River, NJ : Prentice Hall .
  • Kalyuga , S. , Chandler , P. and Sweller , J. 1999 . Managing split-attention and redundancy in multimedia instruction. . Applied Cognitive Psychology , 13 : 351 – 371 .
  • Kapoor , A. and Picard , R. 2005 . Multimodal affect recognition in learning environments., Proceedings of the 13th annual ACM international conferences on multimedia , Edited by: Boll , S. and Chaisorn , L. 677 – 682 . New York : ACM Press .
  • King , A. 1994 . Guiding knowledge construction in the classroom: Effects of teaching children how to question and how to explain. . American Educational Research Journal , 31 : 338 – 368 .
  • Landauer , T. , McNamara , D. S. and Dennis , S. 2007 . Handbook on latent semantic analysis. , Edited by: Kintsch , W. Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
  • Lepper , M. R. and Henderlong , J. 2000 . “ Turning “play” into “work” and “work” into “play”: 25 years of research on intrinsic versus extrinsic motivation. ” . In Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation: The search for optimal motivation and performance , Edited by: Sansone , C. and Harackiewicz , J. M. 257 – 307 . San Diego, CA : Academic .
  • Litman , D. J. and Forbes-Riley , K. 2004 . “ Predicting student emotions in computer–human tutoring dialogues. ” . In Proceedings of the 42nd annual meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics , Edited by: Rambow , O. and Balari , S. 352 – 359 . East Stroudsburg, PA : Association for Computational Linguistics .
  • Maki , R. H. 1998 . “ Test predictions over text material. ” . In Metacognition in educational theory and practice , Edited by: Hacker , J. , Dunlosky , D. J. and Graesser , A. C. 117 – 144 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
  • Mayer , R. E. 2005 . Multimedia learning , Cambridge, MA : Cambridge University Press .
  • McNamara , D. S. , Boonthum , C. , Levinstein , I. B. and Millis , K. 2007 . “ Evaluating self-explanations in iSTART: Comparing word-based and LSA algorithms. ” . In Handbook of latent semantic analysis , Edited by: Landauer , D. S. , McNamara , S. , Dennis , T. and Kintsch , W. 227 – 241 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
  • McNamara , D. S. , Levinstein , I. B. and Boonthum , C. 2004 . iSTART: Interactive Strategy Trainer for Active Reading and Thinking. . Behavioral Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers , 36 : 222 – 233 .
  • McNamara , D. S. , O'Reilly , T. , Best , R. and Ozuru , Y. 2006 . Improving adolescent students' reading comprehension with iSTART. . Journal of Educational Computing Research , 34 : 147 – 171 .
  • Millis , K. K. , Kim , H. J. , Todaro , S. , Magliano , J. , Wiemer-Hastings , K. and McNamara , D. S. 2004 . Identifying reading strategies using latent semantic analysis: Comparing semantic benchmarks. . Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers , 36 : 213 – 221 .
  • Millis , K. K. , Magliano , J. , Britt , A. , Wiemer-Hastings , K. , Halpern , D. and Graesser , A. C. 2006 . Acquiring Research Investigative and Evaluative Skills (ARIES) for scientific inquiry , Unpublished manuscript, Northern Illinois University .
  • Moreno , R. and Mayer , R. E. 2004 . Personalized messages that promote science learning in virtual environments. . Journal of Educational Psychology , 96 : 165 – 173 .
  • Moreno , R. , Mayer , R. E. , Spires , H. A. and Lester , J. C. 2001 . The case for social agency in computer-based teaching: Do students learn more deeply when they interact with animated pedagogical agents? . Cognition and Instruction , 19 : 177 – 213 .
  • Norman , D. A. 1994 . How might people interact with agents? . Communication of the Association for Computing Machinery , 37 ( 7 ) : 68 – 71 .
  • Olde , B. A. , Franceschetti , D. R. , Karnavat , A. and Graesser , A. C. 2002 . “ the Tutoring Research Group. The right stuff: Do you need to sanitize your corpus when using latent semantic analysis? ” . In Proceedings of the 24th annual meeting of the Cognitive Science Society , Edited by: Gray , W. D. and Schunn , C. D. 708 – 713 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
  • Olney , A. , Louwerse , M. M. , Mathews , E. C. , Marineau , J. , Mitchell , H. H. and Graesser , A. C. 2003 . “ Utterance classification in AutoTutor. ” . In Building educational applications using natural language processing: Proceedings of the Human Language Technology—North American chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics Conference 2003 workshop , Edited by: Burstein , J. and Leacock , C. 1 – 8 . Philadelphia : Association for Computational Linguistics .
  • Palincsar , A. S. and Brown , A. 1984 . Reciprocal teaching of comprehension-fostering and compre-hension-monitoring activities. . Cognition & Instruction , 1 : 117 – 175 .
  • Person , N. K. and Graesser , A. C. 2002 . “ the Tutoring Research Group. Human or computer?: AutoTutor in a bystander Turing test. ” . In Intelligent Tutoring Systems 2002 , Edited by: Cerri , G. , Gouarderes , S. A. and Paraguacu , F. 821 – 830 . Berlin, , Germany : Springer .
  • Pickering , M. J. and Garrod , S. 2004 . Toward a mechanistic psychology of dialogue. . Brain and Behavioral Sciences , 27 : 169 – 190 .
  • Pressley , M. and Afflerbach , P. 1995 . Verbal protocols of reading: The nature of constructively responsive reading , NJ, Hillsdale : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
  • Reeves , B. and Nass , C. 1996 . The media equation: How people treat computers, televisions, and new media like real people and places , Cambridge, , England : Cambridge University Press .
  • Rosenshine , B. , Meister , C. and Chapman , S. 1996 . Teaching students to generate questions: A review of the intervention studies. . Review of Educational Research , 66 : 181 – 221 .
  • Rus , V. and Graesser , A. C. 2006 . “ Deeper natural language processing for evaluating student answers in intelligent tutoring systems. ” . In Proceedings of the 21st national conference on Artificial Intelligence , Edited by: Gil , Y. and Mooney , R. 1495 – 1500 . Menlo Park, CA : AAAI Press .
  • Schober , M. F. and Clark , H. H. 1989 . Understanding by addresses and overhearers. . Cognitive Psychology , 21 : 211 – 232 .
  • Schober , M. F. and Conrad , F. 2007 . “ Survey interviews and new communication technologies. ” . In Envisioning the survey interview of the future , Edited by: Conrad , F. and Schober , M. F. 1 – 30 . New York : Wiley .
  • Schober , M. F. and Conrad , F. G. 2002 . “ A collaborative view of standardized survey interviews. ” . In Standardization and tacit knowledge: Interaction and practice in the survey interview , Edited by: Maynard , H. , Houtkoop-Steenstra , N. C. , Schaeffer , D. and Van der Zouwen , J. 67 – 94 . New York : Wiley .
  • Shah , F. , Evens , M. , Michael , J. and Rovick , A. 2002 . Classifying student initiatives and tutor responses in human keyboard-to-keyboard tutoring sessions. . Discourse Processes , 33 : 23 – 52 .
  • Shneiderman , B. and Plaisant , C. 2005 . Designing the user interface: Strategies for effective human–computer interaction , Reading, MA : Addison-Wesley (4th ed.) .
  • Van der Meij , H. 1987 . Assumptions of information-seeking questions. . Questioning Exchange , 1 : 111 – 118 .
  • VanLehn , K. , Graesser , A. C. , Jackson , G. T. , Jordan , P. , Olney , A. and Rose , C. P. 2007 . When are tutorial dialogues more effective than reading? . Cognitive Science , 31 : 3 – 62 .
  • Vygotsky , L. S. 1978 . Mind and society: The development of higher mental processes , Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press .
  • Walker , M. , Whittaker , S. , Stent , A. , Maloor , P. , Moore , J. Johnson , M. 2003 . Generation and evaluation of user tailored responses in multimodal dialogue. . Cognitive Science , 28 : 811 – 840 .
  • Whittaker , S. 2003 . “ Theories and methods in mediated communication. ” . In Handbook of discourse processes , Edited by: Graesser , M. A. , Gernsbacher , A. C. and Goldman , S. 243 – 286 . Mahwah, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .
  • White , B. Y. and Frederiksen , J. R. 1998 . Inquiry, modeling, and metacognition: Making science accessible to all students. . Cognition & Instruction , 16 : 3 – 118 .
  • Wiemer-Hastings , P. and Graesser , A. C. 2000 . Supporting composition feedback with LSA in Select-a-Kibitzer. . Interactive Learning Environments , 8 : 149 – 169 .
  • Wiley , J. 2001 . “ Supporting understanding through task and browser design. ” . In Proceedings of the 23rd annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society , Edited by: Moore , J. D. and Stenning , K. 1136 – 1143 . Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.