115
Views
65
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Individual trajectories of cognitive decline in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type

, , , &
Pages 575-592 | Accepted 30 Oct 1991, Published online: 04 Jan 2008

References

  • Benton , A. L. and Hamsher , K. deS. 1976 . Multilingual examination , Iowa City, IA : University of Iowa .
  • Berg , G. W. , Grady , C. L. , Sundaram , M. , Haxby , J. V. , Moore , A. M. , White , J. , Heston , L. , Rapoport , S. I. and Avioli , L. V. 1986 . Positron emission tomography in dementia of the Alzheimer type. A brief review with a case study . Archives of Internal Medicine , 146 : 2045 – 2049 .
  • Cummings , J. L. and Benson , D. F. 1983 . Dementia: A clinical approach , Boston : Butterworths .
  • Duara , R. , Grady , C. L. , Haxby , J. V. , Sundaram , M. , Cutler , N. R. , Heston , L. , Moore , A. M. , Schlageter , N. L. , Larson , S. and Rapoport , S. I. 1986 . Positron emission tomography in Alzheimer's disease . Neurology , 36 : 879 – 887 .
  • Folstein , M. F. , Folstein , S. E. and McHugh , P. R. 1976 . ‐Mini‐Mental State': A practical method for grading the mental state of patients for the clinician . Journal of Psychiatric Research , 12 : 189 – 198 .
  • Grady , C. L. , Haxby , J. V. , Horwitz , B. , Sundaram , M. , Berg , G. , Schapiro , M. , Friedland , R. P. and Rapoport , S. I. 1988 . A longitudinal study of the early neuropsychological and cerebral metabolic changes in dementia of the Alzheimer type . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 10 : 576 – 596 .
  • Grady , C. L. , Haxby , J. V. , Schapiro , M. B. , Gonzalez‐Aviles , A. , Kumar , A. , Ball , M. J. , Heston , L. and Rapoport , S. I. 1990 . Subgroups in dementia of the Alzheimer type identified using positron emission tomography . Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences , 2 : 1 – 12 .
  • Haxby , J. V. , Duara , R. , Grady , C. L. , Rapoport , S. I. and Cutler , N. R. 1985 . Relations between neuropsychological and cerebral metabolic asymmetries in early Alzheimer's disease . Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism , 5 : 193 – 200 .
  • Haxby , J. V. , Grady , C. L. , Duara , R. , Schlageter , N. L. , Berg , G. and Rapoport , S. I. 1986 . Neocortical metabolic abnormalities precede nonmemory cognitive deficits in early Alzheimer‐type dementia . Archives of Neurology , 43 : 882 – 885 .
  • Haxby , J. V. , Grady , C. L. , Koss , E. , Horwitz , B. , Schapiro , M. B. , Friedland , R. P. and Rapoport , S. I. 1988 . Heterogeneous anterior‐posterior metabolic patterns in Alzheimer's type dementia . Neurology , 38 : 1853 – 1863 .
  • Haxby , J. V. , Grady , C. L. , Koss , E. , Horwitz , B. , Heston , L. L. , Schapiro , M. B. , Friedland , R. P. and Rapoport , S. I. 1990 . Longitudinal study of cerebral metabolic asymmetries and associated neuropsychological patterns in early dementia of the Alzheimer type . Archives of Neurology , 47 : 753 – 760 .
  • Hiskey , M. S. 1965 . Manual: Hiskey‐Nebraska test of learning aptitude , Lincoln, NE : College View Printer .
  • Huff , F. J. , Growdon , J. H. , Corkin , S. and Rosen , T. J. 1987 . Age at onset and rate of progression of Alzheimer's disease . Journal of the American Geriatric Society , 35 : 27 – 30 .
  • Jones , B. and Kenward , M. G. 1989 . Design and analysis of cross‐over trials , New York : Chapman and Hall .
  • Kaplan , E. , Goodglass , H. and Weintraub , S. 1976 . Boston naming test (experimental version) , Boston : Boston Veteran's Administration Medical Center .
  • Katzman , R. 1985 . Clinical presentation of the course of Alzheimer's disease: The atypical patient . Interdisciplinary Topics in Gerontology , 20 : 12 – 18 .
  • Katzman , R. , Brown , T. , Thal , L. J. , Fuld , P. A. , Aronson , M. , Butters , N. , Klauber , M. R. , Wiederholt , W. , Pay , M. , Renbing , X. , Ooi , W. L. , Hofstetter , R. and Terry , R. D. 1988 . Comparison of rate of annual change of mental status score in four independent studies of patients with Alzheimer's disease . Annals of Neurology , 24 : 384 – 389 .
  • Kumar , A. , Schapiro , M. B. , Grady , C. L. , Haxby , J. V. , Wagner , E. , Salerno , J. A. and Rapoport , S. I. 1991 . High resolution studies of cerebral glucose metabolism in Alzheimer's disease . Neuropsychopharmocology , 4 : 35 – 46 .
  • Luxenberg , J. , Haxby , J. V. , Creasey , H. , Sundaram , M. and Rapoport , S. I. 1987 . Rate of ventricular enlargement in dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) correlates with rate of neuropsychological deterioration . Neurology , 37 : 1135 – 1140 .
  • Mattis , S. 1976 . “ Mental status examination for organic mental syndrome in the elderly patient ” . In Geriatric psychiatry , Edited by: Bellack , L. and Karasu , T. B. 77 – 121 . New York : Grune & Stratton .
  • McKhann , G. , Drachman , D. , Folstein , M. , Katzman , R. , Price , D. and Stadlan , E. M. 1984 . Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: Report of the NINCDS‐ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease . Neurology , 34 : 939 – 944 .
  • Milner , B. 1971 . Interhemispheric differences in the localization of psychological process in man . British Medical Bulletin , 27 : 272 – 277 .
  • Ortof , E. and Crystal , H. A. 1989 . Rate of progression of Alzheimer's disease . Journal of the American Geriatric Society , 37 : 511 – 514 .
  • Salmon , D. P. , Thal , L. J. , Butters , N. and Heindel , W. C. 1990 . Longitudinal evaluation of dementia of the Alzheimer type: A comparison of three standardized mental status examinations . Neurology , 40 : 1225 – 1230 .
  • SAS Institute, Inc. 1985 . SAS/STATTM guide for personal computers , Version 6 ed. , Cary, NC : SAS Institute Inc. .
  • St. Clair , D. , Blackburn , I. , Blackwood , D. and Tyrer , G. 1988 . Measuring the course of AD: A longitudinal study of neuropsychological function and changes in P3 event‐related potential . British Journal of Psychiatry , 152 : 48 – 54 .
  • Tellegen , A. and Briggs , P. F. 1967 . Old wine in new skins: Grouping the Wechsler subtests into new scales . Journal of Consulting Psychology , 31 : 499 – 506 .
  • Thal , L. J. , Grundman , M. and Golden , R. 1986 . Alzheimer's disease: A correlational analysis of the Blessed Information‐Memory‐Concentration Test and the Mini‐Mental State Exam . Neurology , 36 : 262 – 264 .
  • Wechsler , D. A. 1955 . Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale , New York : Psychological Corporation .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.