2,047
Views
341
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

A preliminary profile of neuropsychological deficits associated with major depression

Pages 587-603 | Accepted 05 Mar 1997, Published online: 04 Jan 2008

References

  • Abas , M. A. , Sahakian , B. J. and Levy , R. 1990 . Neuropsychological deficits and CT changes in elderly depressives . Psychological Medicine , 20 : 507 – 520 .
  • Alexopoulos , G. S. , Young , R. C. and Meyers , B. S. 1993 . Geriatric depression: age of onset and dementia . Biological Psychiatry , 34 : 141 – 145 .
  • American Psychiatric Association . 1980 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders , (3rd ed) , Washington, D.C. : Author .
  • American Psychiatric Association . 1987 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders , (3rd ed.‐rev.) , Washington, D.C. : Author .
  • American Psychiatric Association . 1994 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders , (4th ed.) , Washington, D.C : Author .
  • Austin , M. P. , Ross , M. , Murray , C. , O'Carroll , R. E. , Ebmeier , K. P. and Goodwin , G. M. 1992 . Cognitive function in major depression . Journal of Affective Disorders , 25 : 21 – 30 .
  • Bangert‐Drowns , R. L. 1986 . Review of developments in the meta‐analytic method . Psychological Bulletin , 99 : 388 – 399 .
  • Bauer , R. M. , Tobias , B. and Valenstein , E. 1993 . “ Amnesic disorder ” . In Clinical neuropsychology , Edited by: Heilman , K. M. and Valenstein , E. 523 – 602 . New York : Oxford University Press .
  • Baxter , L. R. , Schwartz , J. M. , Phelps , M. E. , Mazziotta , J. C. , Guze , B. H. , Selin , C. E. , Gerner , R. H. and Sumida , R. M. 1989 . Reduction of prefrontal glucose metabolism common to three types of depression . Archives of General Psychiatry , 46 : 243 – 250 .
  • Bench , C. J. , Friston , K. J. , Brown , R. G. , Frackowiak , R. S.J. and Dolan , R. J. 1993 . Regional cerebral blood flow in depression measured by positron emission tomography: the relationship with clinical dimensions . Psychological Medicine , 23 : 579 – 590 .
  • Bench , C. , Friston , K. J. , Brown , R. G. , Scott , L. C. , Frackowiak , R. S.J. and Dolan , R. J. 1992 . The anatomy of melancholia—focal abnormalities of cerebral blood flow in major depression . Psychological Medicine , 22 : 607 – 615 .
  • Benton , A. L. and Hamsher , K. D. 1989 . Multilingual Aphasia Examination , Iowa City, IA : AJA Associates .
  • Brand , A. N. , Jolles , J. and Gispen‐deWied , C. 1992 . Recall and recognition memory deficits in depression . Journal of Affective Disorders , 25 : 77 – 86 .
  • Brown , R. G. , Scott , L. C. , Bench , C. J. and Dolan , R. J. 1994 . Cognitive function in depression: its relationship to the presence and severity of intellectual decline . Psychological Medicine , 24 : 829 – 847 .
  • Burt , D. B. , Zembar , M. J. and Niederehe , G. 1995 . Depression and memory impairment: a meta‐analysis of the association, its pattern, and specificity . Psychological Bulletin , 117 : 285 – 305 .
  • Caine , E. D. , Yerevian , B. I. and Bamford , K. A. 1984 . Cognitive function and the dexamethasone suppression test in depression . American Journal of Psychiatry , 141 : 116 – 118 .
  • Calev , A. and Erwin , P. G. 1985 . Recall and recognition in depression: use of matched tasks . British Journal of Clinical Psychology , 24 : 127 – 128 .
  • Cassens , G. , Wolfe , L. and Zola , M. 1990 . The neuropsychology of depression . Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences , 2 : 202 – 213 .
  • Cavenar , J. O. , Maltbie , A. A. and Austin , L. 1979 . Depression simulating organic brain disease . American Journal of Psychiatry , 136 : 521 – 523 .
  • Coffey , C. E. , Figiel , G. S. , Djang , W. T. and Weiner , R. D. 1990 . Subcortical hyperintensity on magnetic resonance imaging: A comparison of normal and depressed elderly subjects . American Journal of Psychiatry , 147 : 187 – 189 .
  • Cohen , R. M. , Weingartner , H. , Smallberg , S. A. , Picker , D. and Murphy , D. L. 1982 . Effort and cognition in depression . Archives of General Psychiatry , 39 : 593 – 597 .
  • Coughlan , A. K. and Hollows , S. E. 1984 . Use of memory tests in differentiating organic disorder from depression . British Journal of Psychiatry , 145 : 164 – 167 .
  • Cornell , D. G. , Suarez , R. and Berent , S. 1984 . Psychomotor retardation in melancholic and non‐melancholic depression: cognitive and motor components . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 93 : 150 – 157 .
  • Crosson , B. A. 1992 . Subcortical functions in language and memory , New York : Guilford Press .
  • Delis , D. C. , Kramer , J. H. , Kaplan , E. and Ober , B. A. 1987 . California Verbal learning Test adult version , New York : The Psychological Corporation .
  • Delvenne , V. , Delecluse , F. , Hubain , P. P. , Schoutens , A. , DeMaertelaer , V. and Mendlewicz , J. 1990 . Regional cerebral blood flow in patients with affective disorders . British Journal of Psychiatry , 157 : 359 – 365 .
  • Deptula , D. , Manevitz , A. and Yozawitz , A. 1991 . Assymmetry of recall in depression . Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology , 13 : 854 – 870 .
  • Dikmen , S. S. , Machamer , J. E. , Winn , H. R. and Temkin , N. R. 1995 . Neuropsychological outcome at 1 year post head injury . Neuropsychology , 9 : 80 – 90 .
  • Dolan , R. J. , Bench , C. J. , Brown , R. G. , Scott , L. C. and Frackowiak , R. S.J. 1994 . Neuropsychological dysfunction in depression: the relationship to regional cerebral blood flow . Psychological Medicine , 24 : 849 – 857 .
  • Dolan , R. J. , Bench , C. J. , Brown , R. G. , Scott , L. C. , Friston , K. J. and Frackowiak , R. S.J. 1992 . Regional cerebral blood flow abnormalities in depressed patients with cognitive impairment . Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry , 55 : 768 – 773 .
  • Drevets , W. C. , Raichle , M. E. , Fox , P. T. , Preskorn , S. H. and Videen , T. O. 1989 . State and trait cerebral blood flow abnormalities in depression . Society for Neuroscience Abstracts , 15 : 30
  • Dunbar , C. G. and Lishman , W. A. 1984 . Depression, recognition‐memory and hedonic tone. A signal detection analysis . British Journal of Psychiatry , 144 : 376 – 382 .
  • Fisher , D. G. , Sweet , J. J. and Pfaelzer‐Smith , E. A. 1986 . Influence of depression on repeated neuropsychological testing . The International Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology , 8 : 14 – 18 .
  • Glass , G. V. 1976 . Primary, secondary, and metaanalysis research . Educational Researcher , 5 : 3 – 8 .
  • Golden , C. J. , Hammeke , T. A. and Purish , A. D. 1980 . The Luria‐Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery manual , Los Angeles : Western Psychological Services .
  • Golinkoff , M. and Sweeney , J. A. 1989 . Cognitive impairments in depression . Journal of Affective Disorders , 17 : 105 – 112 .
  • Gronwall , D. 1989 . “ Cumulative and persisting effects of concussion on attention and cognition ” . In Mild head injury , Edited by: Levin , H. S. , Eisenberg , H. M. and Benton , A. L. 153 – 162 . New York : Oxford University Press .
  • Hickie , I. , Scott , E. , Mitchell , P. , Wilhelm , K. , Austin , M. P. and Bennett , B. 1995 . Subcortical hyper‐intensities on magnetic resonance imaging: clinical correlates and prognostic significance in patients with severe depression . Biological Psychiatry , 37 : 151 – 160 .
  • Knott , V. J. and Lapierre , Y. D. 1987 . Electrophysiological and behavioral correlates of psychomotor responsitivity in depression . Biological Psychiatry , 22 : 313 – 324 .
  • Knott , V. J. and Lapierre , Y. D. 1991 . Temporal segmentation of response speed in depression: neuro‐electrophysiologcal approaches . Progress in Neuro‐Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry , 15 : 249 – 255 .
  • Kral , V. A. and Emery , O. B. 1989 . Long‐term follow‐up of depressive pseudodementia of the aged . Canadian Journal of Psychiatry , 34 : 445 – 446 .
  • Lamberty , G. J. and Bieliauskas , L. A. 1993 . Distinguishing between depression and dementia in the elderly: a review of neuropsychological findings . Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology , 8 : 149 – 170 .
  • Lezak , M. 1995 . Neuropsychological assessment. , (3rd ed.) , New York : Oxford University Press .
  • Malloy , P. F. and Richardson , E. D. 1994 . Assessment of frontal lobe functions . Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences , 6 : 399 – 410 .
  • Mayberg , H. S. 1994 . Frontal lobe dysfunction in secondary depression . The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences , 6 : 428 – 442 .
  • Mayberg , H. S. , Lewis , P. J. , Regenold , W. and Wagner , H. N. 1994 . Paralimbic hypoperfusion in unipolar depression . Journal of Nuclear Medicine , 35 : 929 – 934 .
  • Mayberg , H. S. , Starkstein , S. E. , Sadzot , B. , Preziosi , T. , Andrezejewsky , P. L. , Dannals , R. F. , Wagner , H. N. and Robinson , R. G. 1990 . Selective hypome‐tabolism in the inferior frontal lobe in depressed patients with Parkinson's disease . Annals of Neurology , 28 : 57 – 64 .
  • Min , S. K. and Oh , B. H. 1992 . Hemispheric assymmetry in visual recognition of words and motor response in schizophrenic and depressed patients . Biological Psychiatry , 31 : 255 – 262 .
  • Newman , P. J. and Sweet , J. J. 1986 . The effects of clinical depression on the Luria‐Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery . The International Journal of Clinical Neuropsychology , 7 : 109 – 114 .
  • Popkin , S. J. , Gallagher , D. , Thompson , L. W. and Moore , M. 1982 . Memory complaint and performance in normal and depressed older adults . Experimental Aging Research , 8 : 1982
  • Reding , M. , Haycor , J. and Blass , J. 1985 . Depression in patients referred into a dementia clinic: A three‐year prospective study . Archives of Neurology , 42 : 894 – 896 .
  • Reitan , R. M. and Wolfson , D. 1993 . The Halstead‐Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery , Tucson, AZ : Neuropsychology Press .
  • Reitan , R. M. and Wolfson , D. 1995 . Category Test and Trail Making Test as measures of frontal lobe functions . The Clinical Neuropsychologist , 9 : 50 – 56 .
  • Richards , P. M. and Ruff , R. M. 1989 . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 57 : 396 – 402 .
  • Richardson , J. T.E. 1990 . Clinical and neuropsychological aspects of closed head injury , London : Taylor & Fancis .
  • Rossi , A. , Stratta , P. , Nistico , R. , Sabatini , M. D. , DiMichele , V. and Casacchia , M. 1990 . Visuospatial impairment in depression: a controlled ECT study . Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica , 81 : 245 – 249 .
  • Roy‐Byrne , P. P. , Weingartner , H. , Bierer , L. M. , Thompson , K. and Post , R. M. 1986 . Effortful and automatic cognitive processes in depression . Archives of General Psychiatry , 43 : 265 – 267 .
  • Sackeim , H. A. , Freeman , J. , McElhiney , H. , Coleman , E. , Prudic , J. and Devanand , D. P. 1992 . Effects of major depression on estimates of intelligence . Journal of Clinical And Experimental Neuropsychology , 14 : 268 – 288 .
  • Sackeim , H. A. , Prohovnik , I. , Moeller , J. R. , Brown , R. P. , Apter , S. , Prudic , J. , Devanand , D. P. and Mukherjee , S. 1990 . Regional cerebral blood flow in mood disorders. I. Comparison of major depressives and normal controls at rest . Archives of General Psychiatry , 47 : 60 – 70 .
  • Spitzer , R. , Endicott , J. and Robbins , E. 1975 . Clinical criteria for psychiatric diagnosis and DSM‐III . American Journal of Psychiatry , 132 : 1187 – 1192 .
  • Starkstein , S. E. and Robinson , R. G. 1991 . “ The role of the frontal lobes in affective disorder following stroke ” . In Frontal lobe function and dysfunction , Edited by: Levin , H. S. , Eisenberg , H. M. and Benton , A. L. 288 – 303 . New York : Oxford University Press .
  • Sternberg , D. E. and Jarvik , M. E. 1976 . Memory functions in depression . Archives of General Psychiatry , 33 : 219 – 244 .
  • Strauss , E. and Spreen , O. 1991 . A compendium of neuropsychological tests , New York : Oxford University Press .
  • Sweet , J. J. 1983 . Confounding effects of depression on neuropsychological testing: five illustrative cases . Clinical Neuropsychology , 5 : 103 – 109 .
  • Sweet , J. J. , Newman , P. and Bell , B. 1992 . Significance of depression in clinical neuropsychological assessment . Clinical Psychology Review , 12 : 21 – 45 .
  • Thiere , P. , Axman , D. and Giedke , H. 1986 . Slow brain potentials and psychomotor retardation in depression . Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology , 63 : 570 – 581 .
  • Weingartner , H. , Cohen , R. M. , Murphy , D. L. , Martello , J. and Gerdt , C. 1981 . Cognitive processes in depression . Archives of General Psychiatry , 38 : 42 – 47 .
  • Wechsler , D. 1981 . Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale‐Revised , New York : The Psychological Corporation .
  • Wechsler , D. 1987 . Wechsler Memory Scale‐Revised , New York : The Psychological Corporation .
  • Williams , K. M. , Iacono , W. G. , Remick , R. A. and Greenwood , P. 1990 . Dichotic perception and memory following electroconvulsive treatment for depression . British Journal of Psychiatry , 157 : 366 – 372 .
  • Wolfe , J. , Granholm , E. , Butters , N. , Saunders , E. and Janowsky , D. 1987 . Verbal memory deficits associated with major affective disorders: a comparison of unipolar and bipolar patients . Journal of Affective Disorders , 13 : 83 – 92 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.