Women’s Participation in Public Administration in Vietnam: A Case Study of Policy and Practice from 1986 to the Present

References

• Asian Development Bank. (2002). Country briefing paper - Women in Vietnam.
   Google Scholar
• Banister, J. (1993). Vietnam population dynamics and prospects. Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California.
   Google Scholar
• Bishu, S., & Garcia-Zamor, J. (2014, May-June). Institutional bureacratic representation in gender mainstreaming. Global Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, 3(3), 229–237. https://www.longdom.org/articles/institutional-bureacratic-representation-in-gender-mainstreaming.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. (1946). (Vietnamese). The National Assembly.
   Google Scholar
• Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. (1959). (Vietnamese). National Assembly.
   Google Scholar
• Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. (1980). (Vietnamese). National Assembly
   Google Scholar
• Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. (1992). (Vietnamese). National Assembly.
   Google Scholar
• Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. (2013). (Vietnamese). National Assembly.
   Google Scholar
• Dinh, Q. (1998). Public administration reform in a transitional economy: Case of Vietnam. Journal of Philippine Development, XXV(2), 315–333. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/6370695.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Duong, W. N. (2001). Gender equality and women’s issue in Vietnam: The Vietnamese women - Warrior and poet. Pacific Rim Law & Policy Journal Association, 2(10), 191–316. https://digitalcommons.law.uw.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1252&context=wilj
   Google Scholar
• Economic and Social Council [ECOSOC]. (1997). ECOSOC agreed conclusions. United Nations. https://www.un.org/womenwatch/osagi/pdf/ECOSOCAC1997.2.PDF
   Google Scholar
• General Statistical Office [GSO]. (2017).
   Google Scholar
• General Statistical Office [GSO]. (2011, April 1). Dieu tra bien dong dan so va ke hoach hoa gia dinh [Report on survey of population and family planning changes]. General Statistal Office Portal.
   Google Scholar
• General Statistical Office [GSO]. (2020). Tong dieu tra dan so va nha o nam 2019 [Population and Housing Census 2019]. General Statistical Office Portal.
   Google Scholar
• General Statistical Office [GSO] & National Committee for Advancement of Women [NCFAW]. (2005). So lieu thong ke ve gioi cua Vietnam nhung nam dau the ky 21 [Vietnam gender statistics in the early years of 21st century]. Nha xuat ban phu nu [Women’s Publishing House].
   Google Scholar
• Goetz, A. M. (2003). National women’s machinery: State-based institutions to advocate for gender equality. In S. Rai (Ed.), Mainstreaming gender, democratizing the state? Institutional mechanisms for the advancement of women (pp. 69–95). Manchester University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Vietnam [GOV]. (1997). Chien luoc quoc gia vi su tien bo cua phu nu den nam 2000 [National Strategy for Advancement of Women toward 2000]. Government Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Vietnam [GOV]. (2000). Chuong trinh tong the cai cach hanh chinh giai doan 2001-2010 [National public administration reform master program for the period of 2001-2010]. Government Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Vietnam [GOV]. (2002). Chien luoc quoc gia vi su tien bo cua phu nu giai doan 2000-2010 [National strategy for advancement of women for the period 2000-2010]. Government Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Vietnam [GOV]. (2004). National report for the ten-year review and appraisal of the implementation of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action. Government Portal. www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/Review/english/responses.htm
   Google Scholar
• Government of Vietnam [GOV]. (2011a). Chuong trinh tong the cai cach hanh chinh, giai doan 2011-2020 [National public administration reform master program for the period 2011-2020]. Government Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Vietnam [GOV]. (2011b). Chien luoc quoc gia ve binh dang gioi, giai doan 2011-2015 [National strategy for gender equality for 2011-2015]. Government Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Vietnam [GOV]. (2016a). Bao cao kinh te -xa hoi Viet Nam nam 2016 [Socio-economic annual report 2016 of Vietnam]. Government Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Vietnam [GOV]. (2016b). Chien luoc quoc gia ve binh dang gioi, giai doan 2016-2020 [National strategy for gender equality for 2016-2020]. Government Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Vietnam [GOV]. (2016c). Nghi dinh so 34/2016 cua Chinh phu Quy dinh chi tiet mot so dieu va bien phap thi hanh Luat ban hanh van ban quy pham phap luat [Decree No.34 of 2016 of Goverment on preparing and enforcing the legal document promulgation]. Government Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Vietnam [GOV]. (2019). Bao cao kinh te - xa hoi Viet Nam nam 2019 [Socio-Economic Annual Report 2019 of Vietnam]. Government Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Vietnam [GOV]. (2020). Bao cao của Chinh phu ve tinh hinh thuc hien Muc tieu Quoc gia ve binh đang gioi nam 2019 và giai đoan 2011-2020 [Governmental report on Implementation of national targets for gender equality in 2019 and 2011—2020]. Government Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Government of Vietnam [GOV]. (n.d.). Danh sach thanh vien chinh phu qua cac nhiem ky [List of ministers by terms]. Government Portal. http://chinhphu.vn/portal/page/portal/chinhphu/thanhvienchinhphuquacacthoiky?governmentId=3036
   Google Scholar
• Hue, L. (2019). Gender differences of citizen participation in local government: The case of Vietnam. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 9(3), 225–238. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v9i3.15030
   Google Scholar
• Hymowitz, C., & Schellhardt, T. D. (1986, March 24). The glass-ceiling; Why women can’t seem to break the invisible barrier that blocks them from top jobs. The Wall Street Journal, 57, D1, D4–5. http://pitt.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.pitt.idm.oclc.org/docview/135185178?accountid=14709
   Google Scholar
• Jones, N., Presler-Marshall, E., & Tran, A. (2014). Double jeopardy - How gendered social norms and ethnicity intersect to shape the lives of adolescent Hmong girls in Vietnam. Oversea Development Institute (ODI).
   Google Scholar
• Kelly, K. (2011, October 3-4). Vietnam case study (premilinary findings): Women in educational leadership and management [Paper presenation]. IIEP policy forum “Gender equality in education: Looking beyond parity, Paris, France.
   Google Scholar
• Labani, S., Kaehler, C., & Ruiz, P. (2008). Gender analysis of women‟s political participation in 7 South-East Asian countries: Bangladesh, Cambodia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, East Timor and Vietnam: 2008-2009: Enjambra. Contra La Explotación Sexual And Paz Y Desarrollo.
   Google Scholar
• Labor Code (amended). (2019). (Vietnamese). National Assembly.
   Google Scholar
• Law on Cadres and Civil Servants. (2008). (Vientamese). National Assembly.
   Google Scholar
• Law on Cadres and Civil Servants. (2010). (Vietnamese). National Assembly.
   Google Scholar
• Law on Cadres, Civil Servants, and Public employees (amended). (2019). (Vietnamese).
   Google Scholar
• Law on Gender Equality. (2006). (Vientamese). National Assembly.
   Google Scholar
• Law on Organization of Central Government. (2015). (Vietnamses). Government Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Law on Organization of Local Government. (2015). (Vietnamese). National Assembly.
   Google Scholar
• Law on Organization of Local Government (amended). (2019). (Vietnamese). National Assembly.
   Google Scholar
• Le, H. (2020). Bình đẳng giới trong lĩnh vực chính trị ở Việt Nam [Gender equality in politics in Vietnam]. Tap chi To chuc Nha nuoc [Journal of State Organization]. https://tcnn.vn/news/detail/46226/Binh-dang-gioi-trong-linh-vuc-chinh-tri-o-Viet-Nam.html
   Google Scholar
• Le, H., Rentschler, R., & Frederick, H. (2010). Breaking through the “glass ceiling”: Gender and arts leaders in Vietnam. International Journal of the Arts in Society, 5(2), 1–14.
   Google Scholar
• Linh, N. K. (2019). An evaluation female human resource in public administration with study case in the Mekong Delta. Can Tho University Journal of Science, 11(1), 104–111. https://ctujs.ctu.edu.vn/index.php/ctujs/article/view/66/66
   Google Scholar
• McCarty, A. (2001). Governance institutions and incentive structure in Vietnam [Paper presentation]. Building Institutional capacity in Asia: Public sector Challengesand Government reforms in South East Asia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
   Google Scholar
• Milazzo, A., & Goldstein, M. (2017). Governance and women’s economic and political participation: Power inequalities, formal constraints and Norms [Background paper]. The 2017 World Development Report on Governance and the Law. World Bank Group.
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Home Affairs [MHA]. (2009). Bao cao nam 2009 [Year Report 2009]. Government Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Home Affairs [MHA]. (2011). Bao cao nam 2011 [Year Report 2011]. Government Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Home Affairs [MHA]. (2016a). Bao cao so lieu nu lanh dao, quan ly chinh quyen cac cap cuoi nhiem ky 2011-2016 [Reports on women leadership in government of all level at the end of the term 2011-2016]. Ministry of Home Affairs Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Home Affairs [MHA]. (2016b). Thong ke linh vuc to chuc hanh chinh su nghiep nha nuoc [Statistics of public officials and civil servants]. Ministry of Home Affairs Portal. https://www.moha.gov.vn/danh-muc/linh-vuc-to-chuc-hanh-chinh-su-nghiep-nha-nuoc-28369.html
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Labor, Invalids, and Social Affairs [MOLISA]. (2017). Bao cao nam 2017 [Year Report 2017]. Division for Gender Equality.
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Planning and Investment [MPI]. (2015, September). Country report - 15 years achieving the Vietnam Millennium Development Goals. Government Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Planning and Investment [MPI]. (2018). Vietnam’s voluntary national review on the implementation of the sustainable development goals. Government Portal.
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Planning and Investment, & World Bank. (2016). Vietnam 2035: Toward prosperity, creativity, equity, and democracy. WB website.
   Google Scholar
• Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., & Altman, D. G. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISM statement. Annals of Internal Medicine, 151(4), 264–269. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Political Bureau of Party. (2007). Nghi quyet so 11 of 2017 cua Bo Chinh tri ve cong tac phu nu thoi ky day manh cong nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa dat nuoc [Resolution No. 11 of 2011 of Political Bureau of the Party on women in the era of promoting national industrialization and modernization]. Political Bureau of Party Office.
   Google Scholar
• Poon, Y., Nguyen, H., & Do, T. (2009, April). The reform of the civil service system as Vietnam moves into the middle-income country category. United Nations Development Programme Vietnam.
   Google Scholar
• The Economist. (2005). The conundrum of the glass ceiling. The Economist. http://www.economst.com/cfm?story_id=4197626
   Google Scholar
• Truong, H. (2008). Women’s leadership in Vietnam: Opportunities and challenges. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society, 34(1), 16–21. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1086/588432
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• U.S. Department of Labor. (1991). A report on the glass ceiling initiative. Government Printing Office.
   Google Scholar
• UN Women. About gender equality. UN Website. https://www.unwomen.org/en/get-involved/beijing-plus-25/about
   Google Scholar
• United Nations Develoment Programme [UNDP]. (2014) . Women’s leadership in Vietnam: Leveraging a resource untapped. UNDP Vietnam.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations Development Programme [UNDP]. (2012) . Women’s representation in leadership in Vietnam. UNDP Vietnam.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations General Assembly [UNGA]. (1948). Universal declaration of human rights. United Nations Website.
   Google Scholar
• United Nations [UN]. Gender equality. UN website. https://www.un.org/en/sections/issues-depth/gender-equality/
   Google Scholar
• United Nations [UN]. Human rights. UN website. https://www.un.org/en/sections/issues-depth/human-rights/index.html
   Google Scholar
• United Nations [UN]. Millennium development goals and beyond 2012. UN Website. https://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/
   Google Scholar
• United States Federal Glass Ceiling Commission. (1995). Good for business: Making full use of the nation’s human capital: A fact-finding report of the Federal Glass Ceiling Commission. UN website.
   Google Scholar
• Van, T. T. (2016, March 2). Thuc trang, nguyen nhan tang bien che va giai phap tinh gian bien che [Current status, causes of increasing size of public administration system and suggestions for dowsizing]. Tap chi To chuc Nha nuoc [Bulletin of Governmental Organization]. https://tcnn.vn/news/detail/32338/Thuc_trang_nguyen_nhan_tang_bien_che_va_cac_giai_phap_tinh_gian_bienall.html
   Google Scholar
• Vietnam Lead Delegate. (2015, July 7). Introductory statement. The 61st session of the CEDAW committee.
   Google Scholar
• Vietnam Women’s Union [VWU]. (2007). Bao cao nam 2007 [Year Report 2007]. Vietnam Women's Union Office.
   Google Scholar
• Women’s Environment and Development Organization [WEDO]. (2005). Bejing betrayed women worldwide report that governemts have failed to turn the platform into action. WEDO Headquarter.
   Google Scholar
• World Bank [WB]. (2020). The World Bank in Vietnam: Overview. World Bank website. https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/vietnam/overview
   Google Scholar
• World Economic Forum [WEF]. (2017). The global gender gap Report 2017. World Economic Forum website. https://www.weforum.org/reports/the-global-gender-gap-report-2017
   Google Scholar
• World Economic Forum [WEF]. (2019). The global gender gap Report 2020. World Economic Forum website. https://www.weforum.org/reports/gender-gap-2020-report-100-years-pay-equality
   Google Scholar