722
Views
12
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The Moderating Role of Willingness to Implement Policy on Street-level Bureaucrats’ Multidimensional Enforcement Style and Discretion

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, & ORCID Icon

References

  • Ayres, I., & Braithwaite, J. (1992). Responsive regulation: Transcending the deregulation debate. Oxford University Press.
  • Baldwin, R., Scott, C., & Hood, C. (1998). A reader on regulation. Oxford University Press.
  • Bardach, E., & Kagan, R. A. (1982). Going by the book: The problem of regulatory unreasonableness. Transaction Publishers.
  • Bekkers, V. J. J. M., Edwards, A., Fenger, M., & Dijkstra, G. (2007). Governance and the democratic deficit. Assessing the legitimacy of governance practices. Ashgate.
  • Braithwaite, J. (2002). Restorative justice & responsive regulation. Oxford University Press.
  • Braithwaite, J. (2006). Responsive regulation and developing economies. World Development, 34(5), 884–898. 10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.04.021
  • Braithwaite, J. (2011). The essence of responsive regulation. UBC Law Review, 44(3), 475–520. http://johnbraithwaite.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/essence_responsive_regulation.pdf.
  • Brodkin, E. Z. (1997). Inside the welfare contract: Discretion and accountability in state welfare administration. Social Service Review, 71(1), 1–33. https://doi.org/10.1086/604228
  • Bruijn, H., Ten Heuvelhof, E., & Koopmans, M. (2007). Law enforcement: The game between inspectors and inspectees. Universal Publishers.
  • Burby, R. J. (1995). Coercive versus cooperative pollution control: Comparative study of state programs to reduce erosion and sedimentation pollution in urban areas. Environmental Management, 19(3), 359–370. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02471978
  • Carrington, K. (2005). Street-level discretion: Is there a need for control? Public Administration Quarterly, 29(2), 140–161. https://paq.spaef.org/article/718/Street-level-Discretion-Is-there-a-need-for-control-.
  • Carter, D. P. (2016). Public, nonprofit, and for-profit sector regulatory approaches in third-party regulatory administration. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 26(4), 726–744. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muw022
  • Chin, W. W., Thatcher, J. B., Wright, R. T., & Steel, D. (2013). Controlling for common method variance in pls analysis: The measured latent marker variable approach. In H. Abdi, W. W. Chin, V. Esposito Vinzi, G. Russolillo, & L. Trinchera (Eds.), New Perspectives in partial least squares and related methods (pp. 231–239). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8283-3_16
  • Cohen, J. (1992). Statistical power analysis. Current Directions in Psychological Sciences, 1(3), 98–101. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.ep10768783
  • Conrad, F., & Blair, J. (1996). From impressions to data: Increasing the objectivity of cognitive interviews. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the section on survey research methods, annual meetings of the American Statistical Association.
  • Conrad, F., Blair, J., & Tracy, E. (1999). Verbal reports are data! A theoretical approach to cognitive interviews. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the Federal Committee on Statistical Methodology Research Conference.
  • Dawson, J. F. (2014). Moderation in management research: What, why, when, and how. Journal of Business and Psychology, 29(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-013-9308-7
  • De Angelis, C. T. (2013). A knowledge management and organizational intelligence model for public administration. International Journal of Public Administration, 36(11), 807–819. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2013.791315
  • de Boer, N., Eshuis, J., & Klijn, E. H. (2018). Does disclosure of performance information influence street-level bureaucrats’ enforcement style? Public Administration Review, 42(5), 380–391. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12926
  • de Boer, N. (2019). Street-level enforcement style: A multidimensional measurement instrument. International Journal of Public Administration, 42(5), 380–391. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2018.1465954
  • Demetriou, C., Ozer, B. U., & Essau, C. A. (2014). The self-report questionnaires. In R. L. Cautin & S. O. Lilienfel (Eds.), The encyclopedia of clinical psychology (pp. 1–6). Wiley.
  • Dillman, D. A. (2011). Mail and Internet surveys: The tailored design method--2007 Update with new Internet, visual, and mixed-mode guide. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Durant, R. F. (2010). The Oxford handbook of American bureaucracy. Oxford University Press.
  • Ellis, K. (2011). ‘Street-level bureaucracy revisited: The changing face of frontline discretion in adult social care in England. Social Policy & Administration, 45(3), 221–244. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9515.2011.00766.x
  • Esposito Vinzi, V., Chin, W. W., Henseler, J., & Wang, H. (2010). Handbook of partial least squares: Concepts, methods, and applications. Springer.
  • Etienne, J. (2013). Ambiguity and relational signals in regulator-regulatee relationships. Regulation & Governance, 7(1), 30–47. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5991.2012.01160.x
  • Evans, T., & Harris, J. (2004). Street-level bureaucracy, social work, and the (exaggerated) death of discretion. The British Journal of Social Work, 34(6), 871–895. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bch106
  • Evans, T. (2016). Professional discretion in welfare services: Beyond street-level bureaucracy. Routledge.
  • Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G* Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191. https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03193146
  • Gormley, W. T., Jr. (1998). Regulatory enforcement styles. Political Research Quarterly, 51(2), 363–383. https://doi.org/10.1177/106591299805100204
  • Grandvoinnet, H., Aslam, G., & Raha, S. (2015). Opening the black box: The contextual drivers of social accountability. The World Bank.
  • Hassan, M. S., Raja Ariffin, R. N., Mansor, N., & Al Halbusi, H. (2021). An Examination of Street-Level Bureaucrats’ Discretion and the Moderating Role of Supervisory Support: Evidence from the Field. Administrative Sciences, 11(3), 65. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci11030065
  • Hair, J. F., Jr., Hollingsworth, C. L., Randolph, A. B., & Chong, A. Y. L. (2017). An updated and expanded assessment of PLS-SEM in information systems research. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 117(3), 442–458. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-04-2016-0130
  • Hair, J. F., Jr., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Hair, J. F., Jr., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & Kuppelwieser, V. G. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). An emerging tool in business research. European Business Review, 26(2), 106–121. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-10-2013-0128
  • Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., Anderson, R., & Tatham, R. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis. Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Hawkins, K. (1984). Environment and enforcement: Regulation and the social definition of pollution. Clarendon Press.
  • Henseler J., Ringle C. M. and Sarstedt M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
  • Hupe, P. L., & Hill, M. (2007). Street-Level bureaucracy and public accountability. Public Administration, 85(2), 279–299. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9299.2007.00650.x
  • Hupe, P. L., & Hill, M. (2015). Understanding street-level bureaucracy. Policy Press.
  • Hupe, P. L. (2019). The decision made: On the inspection encounter. In S. Van de Walle & N. Raaphorst (Eds.), Inspectors and enforcement at the front line of government (pp. 227–258). Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Hutter, B. M. (1989). Variations in regulatory enforcement styles. Law & Policy, 11(2), 153–174. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9930.1989.tb00024.x
  • Kagan, R. A. (1994). Regulatory enforcement. Handbook of Regulation and Administrative Law, 383, 383–385.
  • Lee, D., & Van Ryzin, G. G. (2019). Measuring bureaucratic reputation: Scale development and validation. Governance, 32(1), 177–192. https://doi.org/10.1111/gove.12371
  • Lipsky, M. (1980). Street-level bureaucracy: The dilemmas of the individual in public service. Russell Sage Foundation.
  • Lipsky, M. (2010). Street-level bureaucracy: The dilemmas of the individual in public service (30th-anniversary ed.). Russell Sage Foundation.
  • Lo, C. W. H., Fryxell, G. E., & Van Rooij, B. (2009). Changes in enforcement styles among environmental enforcement officials in China. Environment & Planning A, 41(11), 2706–2723. https://doi.org/10.1068/a41357
  • Lodenstein, E., Dieleman, M., Gerretsen, B. and Broerse, J. E. (2017). Health provider responsiveness to social accountability initiatives in low- and middle-income countries: a realist review. Health Policy and Planning, 32(1), 125–140. 10.1093/heapol/czw089
  • Mascini, P. and Wijk, E. V. (2009). Responsive regulation at the Dutch Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority: An empirical assessment of assumptions underlying the theory. Regulation & Governance, 3(1), 27–47. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5991.2009.01047.x
  • Mascini, P. (2013). Why was the enforcement pyramid so influential? And what price was paid? Regulation & Governance, 7(1), 48–60. https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.12003
  • May, P. J., & Winter, S. C. (2000). Reconsidering styles of regulatory enforcement: Patterns in Danish agro-environmental inspection. Law & Policy, 22(2), 143–173. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9930.00089
  • May, P. J., & Winter, S. C. (2011). Regulatory enforcement styles and compliance. Explaining compliance: Business responses to regulation. Edward Elgar.
  • May, P. J., & Wood, R. S. (2003). At the regulatory front lines: Inspectors’ enforcement styles and regulatory compliance. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 13(2), 117–139. https://doi.org/10.1093/JPART/MUG014
  • May, P. J. (1999). Fostering policy learning: A challenge for public administration. International Review of Public Administration, 4(1), 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/12294659.1999.10804920
  • May, P. J. (2003). Policy design and implementation. In J. Pierre & B. Peters (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of public administration (pp. 223–233). Sage Publications Ltd.
  • Maynard-Moody, S. W., & Musheno, M. C. (2000). State agent or citizen agent: Two narratives of discretion. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 10(2), 329–358. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.jpart.a024272
  • Maynard-Moody, S. W., & Musheno, M. C. (2003). Cops, teachers, counselors: Stories from the front lines of public service. University of Michigan Press.
  • Metselaar, E. E. (1997). Assessing the willingness to change: Construction and validation of the DINAMO. Vrije Universiteit.
  • Mishra, S. S. (2020). Testing the antecedents to e-democracy towards citizens’ happiness: A structural equation modelling approach to ‘MyGov’initiative, India. International Journal of Public Administration, 43(15), 1293–1303. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2019.1669051
  • Nielsen, V. L. (2015). Law enforcement behaviour of regulatory inspectors. In P. Hupe, M. Hill, & A. Buffat (Eds.), Understanding street-level bureaucracy (pp. 115–131). Polity Press.
  • Pautz, M. C. (2010). Front-line regulators and their approach to environmental regulation in southwest Ohio. Review of Policy Research, 27(6), 761–780. 10.1111/j.1541-1338.2010.00470.x
  • Pautz, M. C and Wamsley, C. S. (2012). Pursuing trust in environmental regulatory interactions. Administration & Society, 44(7), 853–884. 10.1177/0095399711429108
  • Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
  • Raaphorst, N. (2018). How to prove, how to interpret, and what to do? Uncertainty experiences of street-level tax officials. Public Management Review, 20(4), 485–502. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2017.1299199
  • Ramayah T, Ling N Swee, Taghizadeh S Khadijeh and Rahman S Abidur. (2016). Factors influencing SMEs website continuance intention in Malaysia. Telematics and Informatics, 33(1), 150–164. 10.1016/j.tele.2015.06.007
  • Ramayah T and Rahbar E. (2013). Greening the environment through recycling: an empirical study. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 24(6), 782–801. 10.1108/MEQ-07-2012-0054
  • Rechtschaffen, C. (1997). Deterrence vs. cooperation and the evolving theory of environmental enforcement. Southern California Law Review, 71, 1181.
  • Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J. M. (2015). SmartPLS 3: Boenningstedt: SmartPLS GmbH. http://www.smartpls.com
  • Scholz, J. T. (1994). Managing regulatory enforcement in the United States. In Handbook of regulation and administrative law. (M. Dekker), (pp. 423–463).
  • Sjoberg, G., & Miller, P. J. (1973). Social research on bureaucracy: Limitations and opportunities. Social Problems, 21(1), 129–143. https://doi.org/10.2307/799982
  • Sparrow, M. K. (2011). The regulatory craft: Controlling risks, solving problems, and managing compliance. Brookings Institution Press.
  • Stensöta, H. O. (2011). Political influence on street-level bureaucratic outcome: Testing the interaction between bureaucratic ideology and local community political orientation. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 22(3), 553–571. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mur062
  • Sullivan, G. M., & Feinn, R. (2012). Using effect size—or why the P-value is not enough. Journal of Graduate Medical Education, 4(3), 279–282. https://doi.org/10.4300/JGME-D-12-00156.1
  • Tummers L. and Bekkers V. (2014). Policy Implementation, Street-level Bureaucracy, and the Importance of Discretion. Public Management Review, 16(4), 527–547. 10.1080/14719037.2013.841978
  • Tummers, L. L., Bekkers, V., Vink, E., & Musheno, M. (2015). Coping during public service delivery: A conceptualization and systematic review of the literature. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 25(4), 1099–1126. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muu056
  • Tummers, L. L., Steijn, B., & Bekkers, V. (2012). Explaining the willingness of public professionals to implement public policies: Content, context, and personality characteristics. Public Administration, 90(3), 716–736. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9299.2011.02016.x
  • Tummers, L. L. (2012). Policy alienation of public professionals: The construct and its measurement. Public Administration Review, 72(4), 516–525. https://doi.org/10.2307/41506802
  • van Engen, N., Tummers, L., Bekkers, V., & Steijn, B. (2016). Bringing history in: Policy accumulation and general policy alienation. Public Management Review, 18(7), 1085–1106. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2015.1088568
  • Zikmund, W. G., Babin, B. J., Carr, J. C., & Griffin, M. (2003). Business research methods (ed.). Thomson/South-Western.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.