References
- Farazmand , Ali . 1991 . “ State Tradition and Public Administration in Iran in Ancient and Contemporary Perspectives ” . In Handbook of Comparative and Development Public Administration , Edited by: Farazmand , Ali . 255 – 270 . New York : Marcel Dekker . chapter 19; “Bureaucracy, Bureaucratization, and Debureaucratization in Ancient and Modern Iran” in Farazmand, Ali (ed.). Handbook of Bureaucracy, Marcel Dekker., Inc., New York, 1994, chapter 43, pp. 675-686; “Professionalism, Bureaucracy, an Modern Governance: A comparative Perspective” in Farazmand, Ali (ed.). Bureaucrats and Politicians in Modern Systems of Governance (forthcoming, 1996), chapter 2; State and Bureaucracy in Persia (Iran): 8000 Years of Public Administration, Preger, Westport, Connecticut, forthcoming
- Cameron , G.G . 1968 . History of Early Iran , New York : Greenwood Press . Ghirshamn, R. Iran: From the Earliest Times to the Islamic Conquest, Penguin Books, New York, 1954
- 1971 . The Cambridge Ancient History , Vol. I , 648 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press . Part II
- 1971 . Ibid , : 662 – 672 .
- 1971 . Ibid , : 680
- 1971 . Ibid , : 675
- 1973 . The Cambridge Ancient History , Vol. II , 271 – 288 . Cambridge : Cambridge University Press . Part I, Ibid
- 1973 . Ibid , : 680
- Dhalla , M.N. 1977 . Zoroastrian Civilization , New York : AMS Press . Frye, Richard. The Heritage of Persia, The World Publishing Co., New York, 1963; Frye, Richard. The Golden Age of Persia, Harper and Row, New York, 1975; Olmstead, A. T. History of the Persian Empire: The Achaemenid Period, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1948.
- Ghirshman . 1977 . op. cit , : 75
- Ibid
- Herodotus . 1984 . The Histories , 83 – 84 . New York : Translated by Aubrey de Selincourt Penguin Books .
- 1984 . Ibid , : 83
- 1984 . Ibid , : 97
- Ghirshamn . 1984 . op. cit , : 113
- 1953 . The Cambridge Ancient History , Vol. VI , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
- Cook , J. M. 1983 . The Persian Empire , New York : Schocken Books . Herodotus, op.cit., Olmstead, op.cit.
- Olmstead . op. cit , Ibid.. Cook
- Herodotus . Ibid , 97
- Ibid
- Ibid pp. 234-241
- Cook . op. cit , 55
- Ibid , 56
- Ibid , 76
- Quoted . Ibid , 55
- Ibid
- Quoted . 1980 . The Cambridge Ancient History , Vol. IV , 185 Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
- Ibid
- Herodotus . op. cit , Cook, op.cit
- 1960 . The Cambridge Ancient History , IV : 185
- Ibid
- Ibid
- 1960 . Ibid , IV See also Cook, op.cit.; Farazmand, “State Traditions” see p. 72; Frye, “Heritge or Golden Ages” also pp. 50, 51, 68
- 1988 . The Cambridge Ancient History Vol. IV , 82 – 83 . Ibid 2nd edition
- 1960 . The Cambridge Ancient History , IV : 1986
- Ibid
- Ibid
- Farazmand . 1988 . State Tradition , Cook, op.cit.; Olmstead, op.cit
- 1960 . The Cambridge Ancient History , IV Ibid
- Ibid
- Ghirshaman . 1960 . op. cit , IV : 144
- Herodotus . 1960 . op. cit , IV : 256
- Ibid
- 1960 . The Cambridge Ancient History , IV : 187
- 1960 . Ibid , IV Cook, op.cit.; Ghirshman, op.cit;; Farazmand, “State Tradition”
- 1953 . The Cambridge Ancient History , IV : 176 – 179 . Cook, op.cit., p. 41
- 1960 . The Cambridge Ancient History , IV : 188
- 1988 . The Cambridge Ancient History , IV : 147 2nd edition
- 1988 . Ibid , IV Cool, op.cit
- Frye . 1988 . The Heritage of Persia , IV Ibid Olmstead, op. cit
- Frye . 1988 . Ibid , IV : 97
- 1960 . The Cambridge Ancient History , IV Vol. VI, 1953
- Ibid
- Herodotus . 1960 . op. cit , IV : 98
- Ibid
- Ibid
- Ibid
- Ibid
- Ibid
- 1960 . The Cambridge Ancient History , IV
- Cook . 1960 . op.cit , IV Ibid.; Frye, The Golden Age of Persia; Herodotus, op. cit.; Olmstead, op. cit
- 1953 . The Cambridge Ancient History , VI : 169
- Ibid
- Farazmand , Ali . 1993 . Professionalism, Bureaucracy, and Modern Governance: A Comparative Perspective . Paper Presente at 1993 Conference of the American Political Science Association . September 1-4 1993 , Washington, DC.
- Ibid
- Cook . op cit , Ibid; Olmstead op cit
- Herodotus . op cit ,
- 1960 . The Cambridge Ancient History , IV : 193 Ghirshman op cit, Frye op cit; Olmstead, op cit
- Cook . 1960 . op cit , IV Ibid
- Olmstead . 1960 . op cit , IV : 185
- 1960 . Ibid , IV : 185 – 194 . Frye, The Heritage of Persia; Ghrishman, op cit Olmstead op cit
- Herodotus . 1960 . op cit , IV
- Frye . 1960 . The Heritage of Persia , IV : 98 – 103 .
- Ibid
- Ibid
- Ibid
- 1953 . The Cambridge Ancient History , VI : 24
- 1988 . The Cambridge Ancient History , VI : 111 2nd edition
- Ibid
- Ibid
- 1988 . Ibid , VI : 110
- Cook . 1988 . op cit , VI : 71
- Xenophon , Anabasis . 1960 . The Cambridge Ancient History , VI : 191 1,9 as quoted