IMMUNE RESPONSES OF AIRWAY NEUTROPHILS ARE IMPAIRED IN ASTHMA

REFERENCES

• Medzhitov R, Janeway C. Innate immunity. N Engl J Med 2000; 343: 338–344
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ordonez C L, Shaughnessy T E, Matthay M A, Fahy J V. Increased neutrophil numbers and IL-8 levels in airway secretions in acute severe asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161: 1185–1190
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamblin C, Gosset P, Tillie-Leblond I, Saulnier F, Marquette C H, Wallaert B, et al. Bronchial neutrophilia in patients with noninfectious status asthmaticus. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157: 394–402
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chilmonczyk B A, Salmun L M, Megathlin K N, Neveux L M, Palomaki G E, Knight G J, et al. Association between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and exacerbations of asthma in children. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 1665–1669
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sur S, Crotty T B, Kephart G M, Hyma B A, Colby T V, Reed C E, et al. Sudden-onset fatal asthma: a distinct entity with few eosinophils and relatively more neutrophils in the airway submucosa?. Am Rev Respir Dis 1993; 148: 713–719
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jatakanon A, Uasuf C, Maziak W, Lim S, Chung K F, Barnes P J. Neutrophilic inflammation in severe persistent asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160: 1532–1539
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fahy J V, Kim K W, Liu J, Boushey H A. Prominent neutrophilic inflammation in sputum from subjects with asthma exacerbation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 1995; 95: 843–852
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson J L, Scott R J, Boyle M J, Gibson P G. Inflammatory subtypes in asthma: assessment and identification using induced sputum. Respirology 2006; 11: 54–61
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibson P G, Simpson J L, Saltos N. Heterogeneity of airway inflammation in persistant asthma. Chest 2001; 119: 1329–1336
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green R H, Brightling C E, Woltmann G, Parker D, Wardlaw A J, Pavord I D. Analysis of induced sputum in adults with asthma: identification of subgroup with isolated sputum neutrophilia and poor response to corticosteroids. Thorax 2002; 57: 875–879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monteseirini J, Bonilla I, Camacho M J, Conde J, Sobrino F. Elevated secretion of myeloperoxidase by neutrophils from asthmatic patients: the effect of immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001; 107: 623–626
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Monteseirini J, Bonilla I, Camacho M J, Conde J, Sobrino F. IgE-dependent release of myeloperoxidase by neutrophils from allergic asthma patients. Clin Exp Allergy 2001; 31: 889–892
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teramoto S, Shu C Y, Ouchi Y, Fukuchi Y. Increased spontaneous production and generation of superoxide anion by blood neutrophils in patients with asthma. J Asthma 1996; 33: 149–155
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teramoto S, Kume H, Ishii T, Matsuse T. Production of oxygen radicals by peripheral blood neutrophils is increased in patients with stable asthma and during exacerbations. Respiration 2002; 69: 286–287
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson J L, Scott R J, Boyle M J, Gibson P G. Differential proteolytic enzyme activity in eosinophilic and neutrophilic asthma. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 2005; 172: 559–565
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson J L, Grissell T V, Douwes J, Scott R J, Boyle M J, Gibson P G. Innate immune activation in neutrophilic asthma and bronchiectasis. Thorax 2007; 62: 211–218
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baines K J, Simpson J L, Scott R J, Gibson P G. Innate immune responses of airway neutrophils are impaired in neutrophilic asthma [abstract]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008; 177: A360
   Google Scholar
• Baines K J, Simpson J L, Scott R J, Gibson P G. Innate immune responses of airway neutrophils are impaired in neutrophilic asthma [abstract]. Respirology 2008; 13: A29
   Google Scholar
• Society A T. Standardisation of spirometry. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 136: 1285–1298
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gibson P G, Wlodarczyk J W, Hensley M J, Gleeson M, Henry R L, Cripps A R, et al. Epidemiological association of airway inflammation with asthma symptoms and airway hyperresponsiveness in childhood. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 1998; 158: 36–41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson J L, Gibson P G. Differential proteolytic enzyme activity in neutrophilic and eosinophilic asthma. Eur Resp J 2004; 24
   Google Scholar
• Grissell T V, Powell H, Shafren D R, Boyle M J, Hensley M J, Jones P D, et al. Interleukin-10 gene expression in acute virus-induced asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 172: 433–439
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simpson J L, Grissell T G, Douwes J, Scott R J, Boyle M J, Gibson P G. Innate immune activation in neutrophilic asthma and bronchiectasis. Thorax 2006; 62: 211–218
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dentener M A, Louis R, Cloots R HE, Henket M, Wouters E FM. Differences in local versus systemic TNFα production in COPD: inhibitory effect of hyaluran on LPS induced blood cell TNFα release. Thorax 2006; 61: 478–484
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel I S, Roberts N J, Lloyd-Owen S J, Sapsford R J, Wedzicha J A. Airway epithelial inflammatory responses and clinical parameters in COPD. Eur Respir J 2003; 22: 94–99
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mills P R, Davies R J, Devalia J L. Airway epithelial cells, cytokines, and pollutants. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160: S38–S43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Droemann D, Goldman T, Tiedje T, Zabel P, Dalhoff K, Schaaf B. Toll-like receptor 2 expression is decreased on alveolar macrophages in cigarette smokers and COPD patients. Respir Res 2005; 6: 68
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fietta A, Bersani C, De Rose V, Grassi F A, Mangiarotti P, Uccelli M, et al. Evaluation of systemic host defense mechanisms in chronic bronchitis. Respiration 1988; 53: 37–43
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshikawa T T, Dent G, Ward J, Angco G, Nong G, Nomura N, et al. Impaired neutrophil chemotaxis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007; 175: 473–479
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang X, Moser C, Louboutin J P, Lysenko E S, Weiner D J, Weiser J N, et al. Toll-like receptor 4 mediates innate immune responses to Haemophilus influenzae infection in mouse lung. J Immunol 2002; 168: 810–815
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kurt-Jones E A, Popova L, Kwinn L. Pattern recognition receptors TLR4 and CD14 mediate response to respiratory syncitial virus. Nat Immunol 2000; 1: 398–401
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grissell T G, Chang A B, Gibson P G. Reduced Toll-like receptor 4 and substance p gene expresssion is associated with airway bacterial colonization in children. Pediatr Pulmonol 2007; 42: 380–385
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hauber H P, Tulic M K, Tsicopoulos A, Wallaert B, Olivenstein R, Daigneault P, et al. Toll-like receptors 4 and 2 expression in the bronchial mucosa of patients with cystic fibrosis. Can Respir J 2005; 12: 13–18
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lee J S, Frevert C W, Matute-Bello G, Wurfel M M, Wong V A, Lin S M, et al. TLR4 pathway mediates the inflammatory response but not bacterial elimination in E. coli pneumonia. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2005; 289: L731–L738
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maris N A, Dessing M C, de Vos A F, Bresser P, van der Zee J S, Jansen H M, et al. Toll-like receptor mRNA levels in alveolar macrophages after inhalation of endotoxin. Eur Respir J 2006; 28: 622–626
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park J H, Gold D R, Spiegelman D L, Burge H A, Milton D K. House Dust endotoxin and wheeze in the first year of life. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163: 322–328
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michel O, Kips J, Duchateau J. Severity of asthma is related to endotoxin in house dust. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 54: 1641–1646
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rizzo M C, Naspitz C K, Fernandez-Caldas E, Lockey R F, Mimica I, Sole D. Endotoxin exposure and symptoms in asthmatic children. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 1997; 8: 121–126
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnes P J. Anti-inflammatory actions of glucocorticoids: molecular mechanisms. Clin Sci 1998; 94: 557–572
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pelaia G, Vatrella A, Cuda G, Maselli R, Marsico S A. Molecular mechanisms of corticosteroid actions in chronic airway diseases. Life Sci 2003; 72: 1549–1561
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox G. Glucocorticoid treatment inhibits apoptosis in human neutrophils. J Immunol 1995; 154: 4719–4725
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reid D W, Ward C, Wang N, Zheng L, Bish R, Orsida B, et al. Possible anti-inflammatory effect of salmeterol against interleukin-8 and neutrophil activation in asthma in vivo. Eur Respir J 2003; 21: 994–999
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Homma T, Kato A, Hashimoto N, Batchelor J, Yoshikawa M, Imai S, et al. Corticosteroid and cytokines synergistically enhance toll-like receptor 2 expression in respiratory epithelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2004; 31: 463–469
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jablonska E, Marcinczyk M, Jablonski J. Toll-like receptors types 2 and 6 and the apoptotic process in human neutrophils. Arch Immunol Ther Exp 2006; 54: 137–142
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar