Changes of Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen with Cover Crops and Irrigation in a Tomato Field

REFERENCES

• Abdul-Baki , A. A. , Bryan , H. H. , Zinati , G. , Klassen , W. , Codallo , M. and Heckert , N. 2001 . Biomass yield and flower production in Sunn Hemp: Effect of cutting the main stem . Journal of Vegetable Crop Production , 7 : 83 – 104 .
   Google Scholar
• Ayanaba , A. , Tuckwell , S. B. and Jenkinson , D. S. 1976 . The effects of clearing and cropping on the organic matter reserves and biomass of tropical forest soil . Soil Biology and Biochemistry , 8 : 519 – 525 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Binkley , D. and Hart , S. C. 1989 . The components of nitrogen availability assessments in forest soils . Advances in Soil Science , 10 : 57 – 112 .
   Google Scholar
• Bottner , P. 1985 . Response of microbial biomass to alternate moist and dry conditions in a soil incubated with 14C- and 15N-labelled plant material . Soil Biology and Biochemistry , 17 : 329 – 337 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brinkmann , K. , Blaschke , L. and Polle , A. 2002 . Comparison of different methods for lignin determination as a basis for calibration of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy and implications of lignoproteins . Journal of Chemical Ecology , 28 : 2483 – 2501 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brookes , P. C. , Landman , A. , Pruden , G. and Jenkinson , D. S. 1985 . Chloroform fumigation and the release of soil nitrogen: A rapid direct extraction method for measuring microbial biomass nitrogen in soil . Soil Biology and Biochemistry , 17 : 837 – 842 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carter , M. R. and Rennie , D. A. 1982 . Changes in soil quality under zero tillage farming systems: Distribution of microbial biomass and mineralizable carbon and nitrogen potentials . Canadian Journal of Soil Science , 62 : 587 – 597 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coleman , D. C. , Reid , C. P. P. and Cole , C. 1983 . Biological strategies of nutrient cycling in soil systems . Advances in Ecology Research , 13 : 1 – 55 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dash , M. C. and Guru , C. B. 1980 . Distribution and seasonal variation in numbers of testacea (protozoa) in some Indian soils . Pedobiologia , 20 : 325 – 342 .
   Google Scholar
• David , M. B. 1988 . Use of loss-on-ignition to assess soil organic carbon in forest soils . Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis , 19 : 1593 – 1599 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies , B. E. 1974 . Loss-on-ignition as an estimate of soil organic matter . Soil Science Society of America Proceedings , 38 : 150 – 151 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Enwezor , W. O. 1976 . The mineralization of nitrogen and phosphorus in organic materials of varying C:N and C:P ratios . Plant and Soil , 44 : 237 – 240 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frankenberger , W. T. and Abdelmagid , H. M. 1985 . Kinetic parameters of nitrogen mineralization rate of leguminous crops incorporated into soil . Plant and Soil , 87 : 257 – 271 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harmsen , G. W. and van Schreven , D. A. 1955 . Mineralization of organic nitrogen in soil . Advances in Agronomy , 7 : 299 – 398 .
   Google Scholar
• Hassink , J. 1994 . Effect of soil texture on the size of the microbial biomass and on the amount of carbon and nitrogen mineralized per unit of microbial biomass in Dutch grassland soils . Soil Biology and Biochemistry , 26 : 1573 – 1581 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iritani , W. M. and Arnold , C. Y. 1960 . Nitrogen release of vegetable crop residues during incubation as related to their chemical composition . Soil Science , 89 : 74 – 82 .
   Google Scholar
• Jolivet , C. , Arrouays , D. and Bernoux , M. 1998 . Comparison between analytical methods for organic carbon and organic matter determination in sandy Spodosols of France . Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis , 29 : 2227 – 2233 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaiser , E. A. , Mueller , T. , Joergensen , R. G. , Insam , H. and Heinemeyer , O. 1992 . Evaluation of methods to estimate the soil microbial biomass and the relationship with soil texture and organic matter . Soil Biology and Biochemistry , 24 : 675 – 683 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li , Y. C. , Rao , R. and Bryan , H. H. 1998 . Optimized irrigation schedule to conserve water and reduce nutrient leaching for tomatoes grown on a calcareous gravelly soil . Proceedings of Florida State Horticulture Society , 111 : 58 – 61 .
   Google Scholar
• Lynch , J. M. and Panting , L. M. 1982 . Effects of season, cultivation, and nitrogen fertilizer on the size of the soil microbial biomass . Journal in Sciences of Food and Agriculture , 33 : 249 – 252 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mazzarino , M. J. , Oliva , L. , Abril , A. and Acosta , M. 1991 . Factors effecting nitrogen dynamics in semiarid woodland (Dry Chaco, Argentina) . Plant and Soil , 138 : 8 – 98 .
   Google Scholar
• Mendes , I. C. , Bandick , A. K. , Dick , R. P. and Bottomley , P. J. 1999 . Microbial biomass and activities in soil aggregates affected by winter cover crops . Soil Science Society of American Journal , 63 : 873 – 881 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ocio , J. A. , Brookes , P. C. and Jenkinson , D. C. 1991 . Field incorporation of straw and its effects on soil microbial biomass and soil inorganic N . Soil Biology and Biochemistry , 23 : 171 – 176 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palm , C. A. and Sanchez , P. A. 1991 . Nitrogen release from the leaves of some tropical legumes as affected by their lignin and polyphenolic contents . Soil Biology and Biochemistry , 23 : 83 – 88 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peevy , W. J. and Norman , A. G. 1948 . Influences of composition of plant materials on properties of the decomposed residues . Soil Science , 65 : 209 – 226 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Piao , H. C. , Hong , Y. T. and Yuan , Z. Y. 2000 . Seasonal changes of microbial biomass carbon related to climatic factors in soils from karst areas of southwest China . Biology and Fertility of Soil , 30 : 294 – 297 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salinas-Garcia , J. R. , Hons , F. M. , Matocha , J. E. and Zuberer , D. A. 1997 . Biology and Fertility of Soil , 25 : 182 – 188 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schnürer , J. , Clarholm , M. , Bostrom , S. and Rosswall , T. 1986 . Effects of moisture on soil microorganisms and nematodes: A field experiment . Microbial Ecology , 12 : 217 – 230 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanford , G. and Smith , S. J. 1972 . Nitrogen mineralization potentials of soils . Soil Science Society of America Proceedings , 36 : 465 – 472 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steinberger , Y. and Sarig , S. 1993 . Response by soil nematode populations and the soil microbial biomass to a rain episode in the hot, dry Negev Desert . Biology and Fertility of Soils , 16 : 188 – 192 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabatabai , M. A. and Al-Khafaji , A. A. 1980 . Comparison of nitrogen and sulfur mineralization in soils . Soil Science Society of American Journal , 44 : 1000 – 1006 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Theng , B. K. G. , Tate , K. R. and Sollins , P. 1989 . “ Constituents of organic matter in temperate and tropical soils ” . In Dynamics of soil organic matter in Tropical Ecosystems , Edited by: Coleman , D. C. , Oades , J. M. and Uehara , G. 5 – 32 . Honolulu, Hawaii : University of Hawaii Press .
   Google Scholar
• Tian , G. , Kang , B. T. and Brussaard , L. 1992 . Biological effects of plant residues with contrasting chemical compositions under humid tropical conditions – decomposition and nutrient release . Soil Biology and Biochemistry , 24 : 1051 – 1060 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Gestel , M. , Merchx , R. and Vlassax , K. 1993 . Soil drying and rewetting and the turnover of 14C-labelled plant residues: First-order decay rates of biomass and non-biomass 14C . Soil Biology and Biochemistry , 25 : 125 – 134 .
   Google Scholar
• Vance , E. D. , Brookes , P. C. and Jenkinson , D. S. 1987 . An extraction method for measuring soil microbial carbon . Soil Biology and Biochemistry , 19 : 159 – 164 .
   Google Scholar
• Vishnevetsky , S. and Steinberger , Y. 1997 . Bacterial and fungal dynamics and their contribution to microbial biomass in desert soil . Journal of Arid Environment , 37 : 83 – 90 .
   Google Scholar
• Waksman , S. A. and Tenney , F. G. 1927 . The composition of natural organic materials and their decomposition in the soil: I. Methods of quantitative analysis of plant materials . Soil Sciences , 24 : 275 – 283 .
   Google Scholar
• Wang , Q. R. , Bryan , H. H. , Abdul-Baki , A. A. , Klassen , W. , Li , Y. and Codallo , M. 2002 . Influence of cover crops and irrigation rates on tomato yields and quality . Proceedings of Florida State Horticulture Society , 115 : 202 – 207 .
   Google Scholar
• Wardle , D. A. and Parkinson , D. 1990 . Interactions between microclimatic variables and the soil microbial biomass . Biology and Fertility of Soils , 13 : 273 – 280 .
   Google Scholar
• Wells , A. T. , Chan , K. Y. and Cornish , P. S. 2000 . Comparison of conventional and alternative vegetable farming systems on the properties of a yellow earth in New South Wales . Agriculture, Ecosystem, and Environment , 80 : 47 – 60 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu , J. , Joergensen , R. G. , Pommerening , B. , Chaussod , R. and Brookes , P. C. 1990 . Measurement of soil microbial biomass carbon by fumigation-extraction-an automated procedure . Soil Biology and Biochemistry , 22 : 167 – 1169 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wyland , L. J. , Jackson , L. E. , Chaney , W. E. , Klonsky , K. , Koike , S. T. and Kimple , B. 1996 . Winter cover crops in a vegetable cropping system: Impacts on nitrate leaching, soil water, crop yield, pests, and management costs . Agriculture, Ecosystem, and Environment , 59 : 1 – 7 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar