2,699
Views
77
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Reviews

Nutrient use efficiency (NUE) for sustainable wheat production: a review

ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 297-315 | Received 02 Sep 2019, Accepted 26 Sep 2019, Published online: 21 Oct 2019

References

  • Adams, E., and R. Shin. 2014. Transport, signaling, and homeostasis of potassium and sodium in plants. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 56 (3):231–49. doi: 10.1111/jipb.12159.
  • Ahanger, M. A., and R. Agarwal. 2017. Salinity stress induced alterations in antioxidant metabolism and nitrogen assimilation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L) as influenced by potassium supplementation. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 115:449–60. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.04.017.
  • Ahmad, M., A. Riaz, M. Ishaque, and A. Malik. 2009. Response of maize hybrids to varying potassium application in Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 46:179–84.
  • Ahmad, N., M. T. Saleem, and I. T. Twyford. 1992. Phosphorus research in Pakistan-a review. In: Proc. Symp. on the Role of Phosphorus in Crop Production, NFDC, Islamabad, 59–92.
  • Al-Maskri, A. Y., M. Sajjad, and S. H. Khan. 2012. Association mapping: A step forward to discovering new alleles for crop improvement. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 14:153–60.
  • Alam, S. M., S. A. Shah, and M. Akhter. 2003. Varietal differences in wheat yield and phosphorus use efficiency as influenced by method of phosphorus application. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology 25:175–81.
  • Ali, M. S., A. Sutradhar, M. L. Edano, J. T. Edwards, and K. Girma. 2014. Response of winter wheat grain yield and phosphorus uptake to foliar phosphite fertilization. International Journal of Agronomy 801626:1–8. doi: 10.1155/2014/801626.
  • Ali, Y., B. M. Atta, J. Akhter, P. Monneveux, and Z. Lateef. 2008. Genetic variability, association and diversity studies in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm. Pakistan Journal of Botany 40:2087–97.
  • Anser Ali, M., and S. Hussain. 2012. Nutritional and physiological significance of potassium application in maize hybrid crop production. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 11:187–202. doi: 10.3923/pjn.2012.187.202.
  • Arshadullah, M., S. I. Hyder, I. A. Mahmood, T. Sultan, and S. Naveed. 2017. Mitigation of salt stress in wheat plant (Triticum aestivum) by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for ACC deaminase. International Journal of Advanced Research in Biological Sciences 4:41–6.
  • Ashraf, M. A., M. S. A. Ahmad, M. Ashraf, F. Al-Qurainy, and M. Y. Ashraf. 2011. Alleviation of waterlogging stress in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) by exogenous application of potassium in soil and as a foliar spray. Crop and Pasture Science 62 (1):25–38. doi: 10.1071/CP09225.
  • Asplund, L., G. Bergkvist, and M. Weih. 2014. Proof of concept: Nitrogen use efficiency of contrasting spring wheat varieties grown in greenhouse and field. Plant and Soil 374 (1-2):829–42. doi: 10.1007/s11104-013-1895-6.
  • Atiq, M., N. Javed, S. Urooj, A. Bukhari, Y. Ali, A. Zeeshan, and A. Jabbar. 2017. Management of leaf rust of wheat through different levels of NPK and sowing times. Advances in Zoology and Botany 5:39–44.
  • Ayala-Zavala, J. F., V. Vega-Vega, C. Rosas-Domínguez, H. Palafox-Carlos, J. A. Villa-Rodriguez, Md. Wasim Siddiqui, J. E. Dávila-Aviña, and G. A. González-Aguilar. 2011. Agro-industrial potential of exotic fruit byproducts as a source of food additives. Food Research International 44 (7):1866–74. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.02.021.
  • Bahmanyar, M., and G. Ranjbar. 2008. The role of potassium in improving growth indices and increasing. Journal of Applied Sciences 8:1280–5.
  • Baligar, V., N. Fageria, and Z. He. 2001. Nutrient use efficiency in plants. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 32 (7–8):921–50. doi: 10.1081/CSS-100104098.
  • Baque, M. A., M. A. Karim, A. Hamid, and H. Tetsushi. 2006. Effects of fertilizer potassium on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum) under water stress conditions. South Pacific Studies 27:25–35.
  • Barker, A. V., and G. M. Bryson. 2016. Nitrogen. In: Handbook of plant nutrition, (eds.) Allen V. Barker and David J. Pilbeam, 37–66. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
  • Barraclough, P. 1986. The growth and activity of winter wheat roots in the field: Nutrient inflows of high-yielding crops. The Journal of Agricultural Science 106 (1):53–9. doi: 10.1017/S0021859600061724.
  • Barraclough, P. B., J. R. Howarth, J. Jones, R. Lopez-Bellido, S. Parmar, C. E. Shepherd, and M. J. Hawkesford. 2010. Nitrogen efficiency of wheat: Genotypic and environmental variation and prospects for improvement. European Journal of Agronomy 33 (1):1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2010.01.005.
  • Bashir, S., S. Anwar, B. Ahmad, Q. Sarfraz, W. Khatk, and M. Islam. 2015. Response of wheat crop to phosphorus levels and application methods. Journal of Environmental and Earth Sciences 5:151–5.
  • Berry, P., R. Sylvester‐Bradley, L. Philipps, D. J. Hatch, S. P. Cuttle, F. Rayns, and P. Gosling. 2002. Is the productivity of organic farms restricted by the supply of available nitrogen? Soil Use and Management 18:248–55.
  • Berzsenyi, Z., B. Győrffy, and D. Lap. 2000. Effect of crop rotation and fertilisation on maize and wheat yields and yield stability in a long-term experiment. European Journal of Agronomy 13 (2–3):225–44. doi: 10.1016/S1161-0301(00)00076-9.
  • Bly, A. G., and H. J. Woodard. 2003. Foliar nitrogen application timing influence on grain yield and protein concentration of hard red winter and spring wheat. Agronomy Journal 95 (2):335–8. doi: 10.2134/agronj2003.0335.
  • Breseghello, F., and M. E. Sorrells. 2006. Association mapping of kernel size and milling quality in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Genetics 172 (2):1165–77. doi: 10.1534/genetics.105.044586.
  • Brummer, E Charles, Wesley T. Barber, Sarah M. Collier, Thomas S. Cox, Randy Johnson, Seth C. Murray, Richard T. Olsen, Richard C. Pratt, and Ann Marie Thro. 2011. Plant breeding for harmony between agriculture and the environment. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 9 (10):561–8. doi: 10.1890/100225.
  • Bruulsema, T., J. Lemunyon, and B. Herz. 2009. Know your fertilizer rights. Crops and Soils 42:13–8.
  • Bucher, M. 2007. Functional biology of plant phosphate uptake at root and mycorrhiza interfaces. New Phytologist 173 (1):11–26. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01935.x.
  • Bukhsh, M., R. Ahmad, A. Malik, S. Hussain, and M. Ishaque. 2010. Agrophysiological traits of three maize hybrids as influenced by varying potassium application. Life Sciences: An International Journal 4:1487–96.
  • Bundy, L. G., and T. W. Andraski. 2004. Diagnostic tests for site-specific nitrogen recommendations for winter wheat. Agronomy Journal 96 (3):608–14. doi: 10.2134/agronj2004.0608.
  • Bajwa, M. I., and F. Rehman. 1996. Soil and fertilizer potassium. In Soil Science, (eds.) E. Bashir, and R. Bantel, 317–340. Islamabad: Pakistan: National Book Foundation.
  • Chaturvedi, I. 2006. Effects of different nitrogen levels on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). International Journal of Agricultural Science 2:372–4.
  • Colla, G., Y. Rouphael, P. Bonini, and M. Cardarelli. 2015. Coating seeds with endophytic fungi enhances growth, nutrient uptake, yield and grain quality of winter wheat. International Journal of Plant Production 9:171–90.
  • Conry, M. 1995. Comparison of early, normal and late sowing at three rates of nitrogen on the yield, grain nitrogen and screenings content of Blenheim spring malting barley in Ireland. The Journal of Agricultural Science 125 (2):183–8. doi: 10.1017/S0021859600084306.
  • Cordell, D., J.-O. Drangert, and S. White. 2009. The story of phosphorus: Global food security and food for thought. Global Environmental Change 19 (2):292–305. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.10.009.
  • Cormier, Fabien, Sébastien Faure, Pierre Dubreuil, Emmanuel Heumez, Katia Beauchêne, Stéphane Lafarge, Sébastien Praud, and Jacques Le Gouis. 2013. A multi-environmental study of recent breeding progress on nitrogen use efficiency in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 126 (12):3035–48. doi: 10.1007/s00122-013-2191-9.
  • Crook, M., and A. Ennos. 1995. The effect of nitrogen and growth regulators on stem and root characteristics associated with lodging in two cultivars of winter wheat. Journal of Experimental Botany 46 (8):931–8. doi: 10.1093/jxb/46.8.931.
  • Cui, Z., Z. Dou, X. Chen, X. Ju, and F. Zhang. 2014. Managing agricultural nutrients for food security in China: Past, present, and future. Agronomy Journal 106 (1):191–8. doi: 10.2134/agronj2013.0381.
  • Dai, X., X. Zhou, D. Jia, L. Xiao, H. Kong, and M. He. 2013. Managing the seeding rate to improve nitrogen-use efficiency of winter wheat. Field Crops Research 154:100–9. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2013.07.024.
  • de Willigen, P., M. Heinen, and M. van Noordwijk. 2018. Roots partially in contact with soil: Analytical solutions and approximation in models of nutrient and water uptake. Vadose Zone Journal 17 (1):0. doi: 10.2136/vzj2017.03.0060.
  • Delgado, A., A. Madrid, S. Kassem, L. Andreu, and M. D. C. Del Campillo. 2002. Phosphorus fertilizer recovery from calcareous soils amended with humic and fulvic acids. Plant and Soil 245 (2):277–86. doi: 10.1023/A:1020445710584.
  • Dibb, D., and W. Thompson. 1985. Interaction of potassium with other nutrients. In Potassium in Agriculture (ed.) Robert D. Munson, 515–33. Madison, WI, USA: ASA, CSSA, SSSA.
  • Dixon, J., H. Braun, and J. Crouch. 2009. Overview: Transitioning wheat research to serve the future needs of the developing world. In Wheat facts and futures 2009, (eds.) Dixon, J., H. J. Braun, P. Kosina, and J. Crouch. 1–25. Mexico: CIMMYT.
  • Dogan, R., and U. Bilgili. 2010. Effects of previous crop and N-fertilization on seed yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under rain-fed Mediterranean conditions. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 16:733–9.
  • Duncan, E. G., C. A. O’Sullivan, M. M. Roper, J. Palta, K. Whisson, and M. B. Peoples. 2018. Yield and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat increased with root length and biomass due to nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium interactions. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 181 (3):364–73. doi: 10.1002/jpln.201700376.
  • Duncan, E. G., C. A. O’Sullivan, M. M. Roper, J. S. Biggs, and M. B. Peoples. 2018. Influence of co-application of nitrogen with phosphorus, potassium and sulphur on the apparent efficiency of nitrogen fertiliser use, grain yield and protein content of wheat. Field Crops Research 226:56–65. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2018.07.010.
  • El-Abady, M. I., S. E. Seadh, A. El-Ward, A. Ibrahim, and A. A. El-Emam. 2009. Irrigation withholding and potassium foliar application effects on wheat yield and quality. International Journal of Sustainable Crop Production 4:33–9.
  • Fageria, N., and V. Baligar. 1999. Phosphorus‐use efficiency in wheat genotypes. Journal of Plant Nutrition 22 (2):331–40. doi: 10.1080/01904169909365630.
  • Fageria, N. K., A. B. Santos, and V. C. Baligar. 1997. Phosphorus soil test calibration for lowland rice on an Inceptisol. Agronomy Journal 89 (5):737–42. doi: 10.2134/agronj1997.00021962008900050005x.
  • FAOSTAT. 2014. Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Statistics Division. http://faostat3.fao.org/browse/Q/QC/E. (accessed January 18, 2019)
  • FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). 2016. World fertilizer trends and outlook to 2019. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations- Rome, Italy. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5627e.pdf. (accessed January 05, 2016)
  • FAO-UN. 2019. GIEWS (Global Information and Early Warning System on Food and Agriculture) Crop Prospects and Food Situation. http://www.fao.org/3/ca3696en/ca3696en.pdf.
  • Fixen, P., F. Brentrup, T. Bruulsema, F. Garcia, R. Norton, and S. Zingore. 2015. Nutrient/fertilizer use efficiency: Measurement, current situation and trends. In Managing water and fertilizer for sustainable agricultural intensification, (eds.) P. Drechsel, P. Heffer, H. Magen, R. Mikkelsen, and D. Wichelns, 8–38. Paris, France: IFA, IWMI, IPNI, IPI.
  • Galloway, J. N., A. R. Townsend, J. W. Erisman, M. Bekunda, Z. Cai, J. R. Freney, L. A. Martinelli, S. P. Seitzinger, and M. A. Sutton. 2008. Transformation of the nitrogen cycle: Recent trends, questions, and potential solutions. Science 320 (5878):889–92. doi: 10.1126/science.1136674.
  • Gill, M., T. Singh, D. Rana, and A. Bhandari. 1994. Response of maize (Zea mays) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) to different levels of fertilization. Indian Journal of Agronomy 39:168–70.
  • Glenn, E., A. Huete, P. Nagler, and S. Nelson. 2008. Relationship between remotely-sensed vegetation indices, canopy attributes and plant physiological processes: What vegetation indices can and cannot tell us about the landscape. Sensors 8 (4):2136–60. doi: 10.3390/s8042136.
  • Gorcek, Z., and S. Erdal. 2015. Lipoic acid mitigates oxidative stress and recovers metabolic distortions in salt‐stressed wheat seedlings by modulating ion homeostasis, the osmo‐regulator level and antioxidant system. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 95 (14):2811–7. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.7020.
  • Graham, R. D. 2007. Nutritious subsistence food systems. Advances in Agronomy 92:1–74.
  • Graham, R. D., R. M. Welch, and H. E. Bouis. 2001. Addressing micronutrient malnutrition through enhancing the nutritional quality of staple foods: Principles, perspectives and knowledge gaps. Advances in Agronomy 70:77–142.
  • Gul, H., A. Said, B. Saeed, I. Ahmad, and K. Ali. 2011. Response of yield and yield components of wheat towards foliar spray of nitrogen, potassium and zinc. ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science 6:23–5.
  • Guo, Z., G. A. Slafer, and T. Schnurbusch. 2016. Genetic variation for spike fertility traits and ovary size in distal florets affects floret and grain survival rate of wheat. Journal of Experimental Botany 67 (14):4221–30. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erw200.
  • Gülser, C., Z. Zharlygasov, R. Kızılkaya, N. Kalimov, I. Akça, and Z. Zharlygasov. 2019. The effect of NPK foliar fertilization on yield and macronutrient content of grain in wheat under Kostanai-Kazakhstan conditions. Eurasian Journal of Soil Science (EJSS) 8:275–81. doi: 10.18393/ejss.575026.
  • Haile, D., D. Nigussie, and A. Ayana. 2012. Nitrogen use efficiency of bread wheat: Effects of nitrogen rate and time of application. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 12:389–410.
  • Haileselassie, B., D. Habte, M. Haileselassie, and G. Gebremeskel. 2014. Effects of mineral nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on yield and nutrient utilization of bread wheat (Tritcum aestivum) on the sandy soils of Hawzen District, Northern Ethiopia. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 3:189–98.
  • Handmer, J., and S. Dovers. 2012. The handbook of disaster and emergency policies and institutions. London: Routledge.
  • Hinsinger, Philippe, Alain Brauman, Nicolas Devau, Frédéric Gérard, Christophe Jourdan, Jean-Paul Laclau, Edith Le Cadre, Benoît Jaillard, and Claude Plassard. 2011. Acquisition of phosphorus and other poorly mobile nutrients by roots. Where do plant nutrition models fail? Plant and Soil 348 (1–2):29. doi: 10.1007/s11104-011-0903-y.
  • Hirel, B., and G. Lemaire. 2006. From agronomy and ecophysiology to molecular genetics for improving nitrogen use efficiency in crops. Journal of Crop Improvement 15 (2):213–57. doi: 10.1300/J411v15n02_07.
  • Hoang, V.-N., and M. Alauddin. 2010. Assessing the eco-environmental performance of agricultural production in OECD countries: The use of nitrogen flows and balance. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 87 (3):353–68. doi: 10.1007/s10705-010-9343-y.
  • Hussain, I., et al. 1997. Soil fertility and fertilizers: Elements required in plant nutrition. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 2:723–8.
  • Hussain, M. I., S. H. Shah, S. Hussain, and K. Iqbal. 2002. Growth, yield and quality response of three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties to different levels of N, P and K. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 4:362–4.
  • Hussain, N., M. B. Khan, and R. Ahmad. 2008. Influence of phosphorus application and sowing time on performance of wheat in calcareous soils. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 10:399–404.
  • Iqbal, R., and H. Chauhan. 2003. Relationship between different growth and yield parameters in maize under varying levels of phosphorus. Journal of Biological Sciences 3:921–5.
  • Iqbal, Z., A. Latif, S. Ali, and M. M. Iqbal. 2003. Effect of fertigated phosphorus on P use efficiency and yield of wheat and maize. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology 25:697–702.
  • Ivanova, A., M. Nankova, and N. Tsenov. 2007. Effect of previous crop, mineral fertilization and environment on the characters of some wheat varieties. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 13:55.
  • Jabbar, S., J. Siopongco, W. Cosico, P. Sanchez, S. Amarante, and S. Haefele. 2009. Genotypic differences in grain yield and nitrogen uptake of lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) under irrigated and rainfed conditions. Philippine Journal of Crop Science 34:22–37.
  • Jamwal, J., and K. Bhagat. 2004. Reponse of wheat (Triticum aestivum) to top-dressing of diammonium phosphate in rainfed areas of Shivalik foothills. Indian Journal of Agronomy 49:251–3.
  • Jeong, Kwanho, Cecile C. Julia, Daniel L. E. Waters, Omar Pantoja, Matthias Wissuwa, Sigrid Heuer, Lei Liu, and Terry J. Rose. 2017. Remobilisation of phosphorus fractions in rice flag leaves during grain filling: Implications for photosynthesis and grain yields. PLoS One 12 (11):e0187521. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187521.
  • Kaleem, S., M. Ansar, M. Ali, and M. Rashid. 2009. Effect of phosphorus on the yield and yield components of wheat variety “Inquilab-91” under rainfed conditions. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 25:21–4.
  • Kaneko, T., K. Minamisawa, T. Isawa, H. Nakatsukasa, H. Mitsui, Y. Kawaharada, Y. Nakamura, A. Watanabe, K. Kawashima, A. Ono., et al. 2010. Complete genomic structure of the cultivated rice endophyte Azospirillum sp. B510. DNA Research 17 (1):37–50. doi: 10.1093/dnares/dsp026.
  • Khan, A., S. Khan, MA. Khan, Z. Qamar, and M. Waqas. 2015. The uptake and bioaccumulation of heavy metals by food plants, their effects on plants nutrients, and associated health risk: A review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 22 (18):13772–99. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-4881-0.
  • Kirrilov, Y., and V. Pavlov. 1989. Effect of fertilizer on yield and protein contents in wheat grain. Agrochimiya 1:49–51.
  • Kumar, V., R. K. Naresh, S. Kumar, S. Kumar, A. Kumar, R. K. Gupta, R. S. Rathore, S. P. Singh, A. Dwivedi, S. Tyagi, and N. C. Mahajan. 2018. Efficient nutrient management practices for sustaining soil health and improving rice-wheat productivity: A review. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 7:585–97.
  • Laghari, G., F. Oad, T. Shamasuddin, A. Gandahi, M. Siddiqui, A. Jagirani, and S. Oad. 2010. Growth, yield and nutrient uptake of various wheat cultivars under different fertilizer regimes. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture 26:489–97.
  • Leghari, A., G. M. Laghari, M. A. Ansari, M. A. Mirjat, U. A. Laghari, S. J. Leghari, A. H. Laghari, and Z. A. Abbasi. 2016. Effect of NPK and boron on growth and yield of wheat variety TJ-83 at Tandojam soil. Advances in Environmental Biology 10:209–16.
  • Li, F.-M., Q.-H. Song, H.-S. Liu, F.-R. Li, and X.-L. Liu. 2001. Effects of pre-sowing irrigation and phosphorus application on water use and yield of spring wheat under semi-arid conditions. Agricultural Water Management 49 (3):173–83. doi: 10.1016/S0378-3774(01)00087-7.
  • Liangwei, D., T. Xiaoqin, L. Jian, C. Zi'ai, T. Yuzhen, and Z. Hui. 2004. Treatment and reuse of piggery wastewater by composting process of straw. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering 20. 20:255–258.
  • Liu, D., and Y. Shi. 2013. Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer on quality and yield in winter wheat. Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology 5 (5):646–9. doi: 10.19026/ajfst.5.3141.
  • Lynch, J. P., and K. M. Brown. 2001. Topsoil foraging–an architectural adaptation of plants to low phosphorus availability. Plant and Soil 237 (2):225–37.
  • Lynch, J. P., and S. B. S. Clair. 2004. Mineral stress: The missing link in understanding how global climate change will affect plants in real world soils. Field Crops Research 90 (1):101–15. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2004.07.008.
  • Maathuis, F. J. 2009. Physiological functions of mineral macronutrients. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 12 (3):250–8. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2009.04.003.
  • Mandal, N., P. Chaudhry, and D. Sinha. 1992. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potash uptake of wheat (var. Sonalika). Environment and Ecology 10:297.
  • Marza, F., G.-H. Bai, B. Carver, and W.-C. Zhou. 2006. Quantitative trait loci for yield and related traits in the wheat population Ning7840× Clark. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 112 (4):688–98. doi: 10.1007/s00122-005-0172-3.
  • McCauley, A., C. Jones, and J. Jacobsen. 2009. Plant nutrient functions and deficiency and toxicity symptoms. Nutrient Management Module 9:1–16.
  • McDonald, G., W. Bovill, C. Huang, and D. Lightfoot. 2013. Nutrient use efficiency. In Genomics and breeding for climate-resilient crops, (eds.) Chittaranjan Kole. 333–393. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.
  • McDonald, G., W. Bovill, J. Taylor, and R. Wheeler. 2015. Responses to phosphorus among wheat genotypes. Crop and Pasture Science 66 (5):430–44. doi: 10.1071/CP14191.
  • Meena, V., B. Maurya, and R. Meena. 2015. Residual impact of wellgrow formulation and NPK on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Bangladesh Journal of Botany 44 (1):143–6. doi: 10.3329/bjb.v44i1.22738.
  • Memon, K. 1996. Soil and Fertilizer Phosphorus. Islamabad: Soil Science National Book Foundation, 291–314.
  • Mengel, K., E. A. Kirkby, H. Kosegarten, and T. Appel. 2001. Further elements of importance. In Principles of plant nutrition, (eds.) Konrad Mengel, Ernest A. Kirkby, Harald Kosegarten, and Thomas Appel, 639–655. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer.
  • Miller, A., and M. Cramer. 2005. Root nitrogen acquisition and assimilation. In Root physiology: From gene to function, (eds.) Hans Lambers, and Timothy D. Colmer. 1–36. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer.
  • Moll, R., E. Kamprath, and W. Jackson. 1982. Analysis and interpretation of factors which contribute to efficiency of nitrogen utilization 1. Agronomy Journal 74 (3):562–4. doi: 10.2134/agronj1982.00021962007400030037x.
  • Monneveux, P., M. P. Reynolds, R. Trethowan, H. González-Santoyo, R. J. Peña, and F. Zapata. 2005. Relationship between grain yield and carbon isotope discrimination in bread wheat under four water regimes. European Journal of Agronomy 22 (2):231–42. doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2004.03.001.
  • Naseem, Z., S. A. Masood, S. Irshad, N. Annum, M. K. Bashir, R. Anum, A. Qurban, A. Arfan, K. Naila, and H. K. Nazar. 2015. Critical study of gene action and combining ability for varietal development in wheat: An overview. Life Science Journal 12:104–8.
  • Nkebiwe, Peteh Mehdi, Markus Weinmann, Asher Bar-Tal, and Torsten Müller. 2016. Fertilizer placement to improve crop nutrient acquisition and yield: A review and meta-analysis. Field Crops Research 196:389–401. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2016.07.018.
  • Ochieng, J. W., A. W. Muigai, and G. N. Ude. 2007. Localizing genes using linkage disequilibrium in plants: Integrating lessons from the medical genetics. African Journal of Biotechnology 6:650–7.
  • Ortiz-Monasterio, J., G. Manske, and M. Van Ginkel. 2001. Nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiency. In Application of Physiology in Wheat Breeding, 200–7. Mexico: CIMMYT.
  • Ortiz-Monasterio, R., K. Sayre, S. Rajaram, and M. McMahon. 1997. Genetic progress in wheat yield and nitrogen use efficiency under four nitrogen rates. Crop Science 37:898–904. doi: 10.2135/cropsci1997.0011183X003700030033x.
  • Ott, C., and H. Rechberger. 2012. The European phosphorus balance. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 60:159–72. doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.12.007.
  • Pan, J., Y. Zhu, D. Jiang, T. Dai, Y. Li, and W. Cao. 2006. Modeling plant nitrogen uptake and grain nitrogen accumulation in wheat. Field Crops Research 97 (2–3):322–36. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2005.11.006.
  • Peleg, Z., T. Fahima, A. B. Korol, S. Abbo, and Y. Saranga. 2011. Genetic analysis of wheat domestication and evolution under domestication. Journal of Experimental Botany 62 (14):5051–61. doi: 10.1093/jxb/err206.
  • Pettigrew, W. T. 2008. Potassium influences on yield and quality production for maize, wheat, soybean and cotton. Physiologia Plantarum 133 (4):670–81. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2008.01073.x.
  • Pigna, M., V. Cozzolino, A. Giandonato Caporale, M. Mora, V. Di Meo, A. Jara, and A. Violante. 2010. Effects of phosphorus fertilization on arsenic uptake by wheat grown in polluted soils. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 10 (4):428–42. doi: 10.4067/S0718-95162010000200004.
  • Prasad, J. 1996. A comparison between a rotavator and conventional tillage equipment for wheat-soybean rotations on a vertisol in Central India. Soil and Tillage Research 37 (2–3):191–9. doi: 10.1016/0167-1987(95)00510-2.
  • Quarrie, S. 2006. Dissecting a wheat QTL for yield present in a range of environments: From the QTL to candidate genes. Journal of Experimental Botany 57 (11):2627–37. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erl026.
  • Rahim, A., A. Ranjha, and E. Waraich. 2010. Effect of phosphorus application and irrigation scheduling on wheat yield and phosphorus use efficiency. Soil and Environment 29:15–22.
  • Rahimi, A. 2012. Effect of potassium and nitrogen on yield and yield components of dry land wheat in Boyerahmad Region of Iran. Annals of Biological Research 3:3274–7.
  • Ranjan, R., R. Yadav, A. Kumar, and S. N. Mandal. 2019. Contributing traits for nitrogen use efficiency in selected wheat genotypes and corollary between screening methodologies. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil & Plant Science 69:588–95. doi: 10.1080/09064710.2019.1623302.
  • Rasul, G. A. M. 2016. Effect of phosphorus fertilizer application on some yield components of wheat and phosphorus use efficiency in calcareous soil. Journal of Dynamics in Agricultural Research 3:46–52.
  • Raza, A., A. Razzaq, S. S. Mehmood, X. Zou, X. Zhang, Y. Lv, and J. Xu. 2019a. Impact of climate change on crops adaptation and strategies to tackle its outcome: A review. Plants 8 (2):34. doi: 10.3390/plants8020034.
  • Raza, A., S. S. Mehmood, J. Tabassum, and R. Batool. 2019b. Targeting plant hormones to develop abiotic stress resistance in wheat. In Wheat production in changing environments, (eds.) Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Kamrun Nahar, and Md. Amzad Hossain, 557–577. Singapore: Springer.
  • Raza, M. H., A. Bakhsh, and M. Kamran. 2019c. Managing climate change for wheat production: An evidence from southern Punjab, Pakistan. Journal of Economic Impact 1:48–58.
  • Rehman, O., M. Zaka, H. Rafa, and N. Hassan. 2006. Effect of balanced fertilization on yield and phosphorus uptake in wheat-rice rotation. Journal of Agricultural Research 44:105–15.
  • Reuter, D., C. Dyson, D. Elliott, D. Lewis, and C. Rudd. 1995. An appraisal of soil phosphorus testing data for crops and pastures in South Australia. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35 (7):979–95. doi: 10.1071/EA9950979.
  • Risch, N., and K. Merikangas. 1996. The future of genetic studies of complex human diseases. Science 273 (5281):1516–7. doi: 10.1126/science.273.5281.1516.
  • Roberts, T. 2007. Right product, right rate, right time and right place… the foundation of best management practices for fertilizer. In Fertilizer best management practices, (eds.) A. Krauss, K. Isherwood, and P. Heffer, 29–32. Paris, France: IFA.
  • Saifullah, A., M. Ranjha, M. Yaseen, and M. Akhtar. 2002. Response of wheat to potassium fertilization under field conditions. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 39:269–72.
  • Sanchez-Bragado, R., M. D. Serret, and J. L. Araus. 2017. The nitrogen contribution of different plant parts to wheat grains: Exploring genotype, water, and nitrogen effects. Frontiers in Plant Science 7:1986.
  • Sato, K., and H.-Y. Jiang. 1996. Gram-negative bacterial flora on the root surface of wheat (Triticum aestivum) grown under different soil conditions. Biology and Fertility of Soils 23 (3):273–81. doi: 10.1007/BF00335955.
  • Shabala, S., and I. Pottosin. 2014. Regulation of potassium transport in plants under hostile conditions: Implications for abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. Physiologia Plantarum 151 (3):257–79. doi: 10.1111/ppl.12165.
  • Shabbir, Rana Nauman, E. A. Waraich, H. Ali, F. Nawaz, M. Y. Ashraf, R. Ahmad, M. I. Awan, S. Ahmad, M. Irfan, S. Hussain., et al. 2016. Supplemental exogenous NPK application alters biochemical processes to improve yield and drought tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Environmental Science and Pollution Research 23 (3):2651–62. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-5452-0.
  • Shaharoona, B., M. Naveed, M. Arshad, and Z. A. Zahir. 2008. Fertilizer-dependent efficiency of Pseudomonads for improving growth, yield, and nutrient use efficiency of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 79 (1):147–55. doi: 10.1007/s00253-008-1419-0.
  • Sharma, L., and S. Bali. 2017. A review of methods to improve nitrogen use efficiency in agriculture. Sustainability 10 (2):51. doi: 10.3390/su10010051.
  • Shenoy, V., and G. Kalagudi. 2005. Enhancing plant phosphorus use efficiency for sustainable cropping. Biotechnology Advances 23 (7-8):501–13. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2005.01.004.
  • Singh, A., A. Kumar, A. Jaswal, M. Singh, and D. Gaikwad. 2018. Nutrient use efficiency concept and interventions for improving nitrogen use efficiency. Plant Archives 18:1015–23.
  • Singh, D. K., and P. W. Sale. 2000. Growth and potential conductivity of white clover roots in dry soil with increasing phosphorus supply and defoliation frequency. Agronomy Journal 92 (5):868–74. doi: 10.2134/agronj2000.925868x.
  • Statham, P. J. 2012. Nutrients in estuaries—an overview and the potential impacts of climate change. Science of the Total Environment 434:213–27. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.088.
  • Singh, R., and S. Agarwal. 2001. Growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum) as influenced by levels of farmyard manure and nitrogen. Indian Journal of Agronomy 46:462–7.
  • Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, K. Averyt, and M. Marquis. 2007. Climate change 2007-the physical science basis: Working group I contribution to the fourth assessment report of the IPCC, vol. 4. UK: Cambridge University Press
  • Tababtabaei, S., and G. Ranjbar. 2012. Effect of different levels of nitrogen and potassium on grain yield and protein of triticale. International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences 3:390–3.
  • Tao, Y., S. Zhang, W. Jian, C. Yuan, and X-q Shan. 2006. Effects of oxalate and phosphate on the release of arsenic from contaminated soils and arsenic accumulation in wheat. Chemosphere 65 (8):1281–7. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.04.039.
  • Theodorou, M. E., and W. C. Plaxton. 1993. Metabolic adaptations of plant respiration to nutritional phosphate deprivation. Plant Physiology 101 (2):339–44. doi: 10.1104/pp.101.2.339.
  • Tiwari, R., S. Sengar, and A. Agarwal. 2002. Effect of doses and methods of nitrogen application on growth, bulb yield and quality of ‘Pusa Red’ onion (Allium cepa). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 72:23–5.
  • Todeschini, M. H., A. S. Milioli, D. M. Trevizan, E. Bornhofen, T. Finatto, L. Storck, and G. Benin. 2016. Nitrogen use efficiency in modern wheat cultivars. Bragantia 75 (3):351–61. doi: 10.1590/1678-4499.385.
  • Tripathi, S. C., K. Sayre, J. Kaul, and R. Narang. 2003. Growth and morphology of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) culms and their association with lodging: Effects of genotypes, N levels and ethephon. Field Crops Research 84 (3):271–90. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4290(03)00095-9.
  • Ur Rehman, A., and M. Ishaque. 2011. Potassium application reduces bareness in different maize hybrids under crowding stress conditions. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 48:41–8.
  • USDA-FAS. 2019. GAIN (Global Agricultural Information Network) report (PK-1810). Pakistan Grain and Feed Annual. Office of Agricultural Affairs, Islamabad, Pakistan.
  • Vance, C. P., Uhde-Stone, C. and D. L. Allan. 2003. Phosphorus acquisition and use: Critical adaptations by plants for securing a nonrenewable resource. New Phytologist 157 (3):423–47. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00695.x.
  • Verma, R., and P. Raha. 2011. Impact of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and nutrient uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Asian Journal of Agricultural Research 5:76–82. doi: 10.3923/ajar.2011.76.82.
  • Vitousek, P. M., R. Naylor, T. Crews, M. B. David, L. E. Drinkwater, E. Holland, P. J. Johnes, J. Katzenberger, L. A. Martinelli, P. A. Matson., et al. 2009. Nutrient imbalances in agricultural development. Science 324 (5934):1519–20. doi: 10.1126/science.1170261.
  • Wakeel, Abdul, Hafeez-ur Rehman, and Hillel Magen. 2017. Potash Use for Sustainable Crop Production in Pakistan: A Review. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 19 (03):381–90. doi: 10.17957/IJAB/15.0291.
  • Wallace, J. 2001. Organic field crop handbook. Ottana, Ontario, Canada: Canadian Organic Growers.
  • Wang, M., Q. Zheng, Q. Shen, and S. Guo. 2013. The critical role of potassium in plant stress response. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 14 (4):7370–90. doi: 10.3390/ijms14047370.
  • Wang, W., B. Vinocur, and A. Altman. 2003. Plant responses to drought, salinity and extreme temperatures: Towards genetic engineering for stress tolerance. Planta 218 (1):1–14. doi: 10.1007/s00425-003-1105-5.
  • Warncke, D., and S. Barber. 1974. Root development and nutrient uptake by corn grown in solution culture 1. Agronomy Journal 66 (4):514–6. doi: 10.2134/agronj1974.00021962006600040011x.
  • Warraich, E. A., S. Basra, N. Ahmad, R. Ahmed, and M. Aftab. 2002. Effect of nitrogen on grain quality and vigour in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 4:517–20.
  • Weber, A. P., and A. Bar-Even. 2019. Update: Improving the efficiency of photosynthetic carbon reactions. Plant Physiology 179 (3):803–12. doi: 10.1104/pp.18.01521.
  • Yao, J., and S. Barber. 1986. Effect of one phosphorus rate placed in different soil volumes on P uptake and growth of wheat. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 17 (8):819–27. doi: 10.1080/00103628609367754.
  • Yin, L., X. Dai, and M. He. 2018. Delayed sowing improves nitrogen utilization efficiency in winter wheat without impacting yield. Field Crops Research 221:90–7. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2018.02.015.
  • Yu, J., and E. S. Buckler. 2006. Genetic association mapping and genome organization of maize. Current Opinion in Biotechnology 17 (2):155–60. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2006.02.003.
  • Zhang, S., L. Lövdahl, H. Grip, Y. Tong, X. Yang, and Q. Wang. 2009. Effects of mulching and catch cropping on soil temperature, soil moisture and wheat yield on the Loess Plateau of China. Soil and Tillage Research 102 (1):78–86. doi: 10.1016/j.still.2008.07.019.
  • Zheng, Wenkui, Zhiguang Liu, Min Zhang, Yuefeng Shi, Qiang Zhu, Yunbao Sun, Hongyin Zhou, Chengliang Li, Yuechao Yang, and Jibiao Geng. 2017. Improving crop yields, nitrogen use efficiencies, and profits by using mixtures of coated controlled-released and uncoated urea in a wheat-maize system. Field Crops Research 205:106–15. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2017.02.009.
  • Ziadi, Noura, Marianne Brassard, Gilles Bélanger, Annie Claessens, Nicolas Tremblay, Athyna N. Cambouris, Michel C. Nolin, and Léon-Étienne Parent. 2008. Chlorophyll measurements and nitrogen nutrition index for the evaluation of corn nitrogen status. Agronomy Journal 100 (5):1264–73. doi: 10.2134/agronj2008.0016.
  • Zoubek, G., and A. Nygren. 2008. Giving Proper Nitrogen Credit for Legumes in Corn and Milo Rotations. Crop Watch, Lincoln, NE

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.