Potassium nitrate and silicon dioxide priming improve germination, seedling growth and protective enzymes of rice var. FARO44 under drought

References

• Abdel Latef, A. A., and L.-S P. Tran. 2016. Impacts of priming with silicon on the growth and tolerance of maize plants to alkaline stress. Frontiers in Plant Science 7:1–10. doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.00243.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdul-Baki, A. A., and J. D. Anderson. 1970. Viability and leaching of sugars from germinating barley. Crop Science 10 (1):31–6. doi:10.2135/cropsci1970.0011183X001000010012x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Akinwale, M. G., B. O. Akinyele, A. C. Odiyi, F. Nwilene, G. Gregorio, and O. E. Oyetunji. 2012. Phenotypic screening of nigerian rainfed lowland mega rice varieties for submergence tolerance. Proceedings of World Congress on Engineering, London, UK, 1, 4–9.
   Google Scholar
• Aloui, H., M. Souguir, and C. Hannachi. 2014. Determination of an optimal priming duration and concentration protocol for pepper seeds (Capsicum annuum L.). Acta Agriculturae Slovenica 103 (2):213–21. doi:10.14720/aas.2014.103.2.6.
   Google Scholar
• Anosheh, H. P., H. Sadeghi, and Y. Emam. 2011. Chemical priming with urea and KNO 3 enhances maize hybrids (Zea mays L.) seed viability under abiotic stress. Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology 14 (4):289–95. doi:10.1007/s12892-011-0039-x.
   Google Scholar
• Azeem, M., N. Iqbal, S. Kausar, M. T. Javed, M. S. Akram, and M. A. Sajid. 2015. Efficacy of silicon priming and fertigation to modulate seedling's vigor and ion homeostasis of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under saline environment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International 22 (18):14367–71. doi:10.1007/s11356-015-4983-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bates, L. S., R. P. Waldren, and I. D. Teare. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil 39 (1):205–7. [Database] doi:10.1007/BF00018060.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bradford, M. M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Analytical Biochemistry 72 (1–2):248–54. doi:10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chowdhury, J., M. Karim, Q. Khaliq, and A. Ahmed. 2017. Effect of drought stress on bio-chemical change and cell membrane stability of soybean genotypes. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 42 (3):475–85. doi:10.3329/bjar.v42i3.34506.
   Google Scholar
• Chunthaburee, S., J. Sanitchon, W. Pattanagul, and P. Theerakulpisut. 2014. Alleviation of salt stress in seedlings of black glutinous rice by seed priming with spermidine and gibberellic acid. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 42 (2):405–13. doi:10.1583/nbha4229688.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dien, D. C., T. Mochizuki, and T. Yamakawa. 2019. Effect of various drought stresses and subsequent recovery on proline, total soluble sugar and starch metabolisms in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties. Plant Production Science 22 (4):530–45. doi:10.1080/1343943X.2019.1647787.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farooq, M., A. Wahid, N. Kobayashi, D. Fujita, and S. M. A. Basra. 2009. Plant drought stress: Effects, mechanisms and management. Sustainable Agriculture 29:153–88. doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2666-8_12.
   Google Scholar
• Farooq, M., M. Irfan, T. Aziz, I. Ahmad, and S. A. Cheema. 2013. Seed priming with ascorbic acid improves drought resistance of wheat. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 199 (1):12–22. doi:10.1111/j.1439-037X.2012.00521.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farooq, M., S. M. A. Basra, A. Wahid, and N. Ahmad. 2010. Changes in nutrient-homeostasis and reserves metabolism during rice seed priming: Consequences for seedling emergence and growth. Agricultural Sciences in China 9 (2):191–8. doi:10.1016/S1671-2927(09)60083-3.
   Google Scholar
• Farooq, M., S. M. A. Basra, R. Tabassum, and I. Afzal. 2006. Enhancing the performance of direct seeded fine rice by seed priming. Plant Production Science 9 (4):446–56. doi:10.1626/pps.9.446.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghobadi, M., M. Shafiei Abnavi, S. J. Honarmand, M. E. Ghobadi, and G. Reza Mohammadi. 2012. Effect of hormonal priming (GA3) and osmopriming on behavior of seed germination in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Agricultural Science 4 (9):244–50. doi:10.5539/jas.v4n9p244.
   Google Scholar
• Gill, S. S., and N. Tuteja. 2010. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 48 (12):909–30. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2010.08.016.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goswami, A., R. Banerjee, and S. Raha. 2013. Drought resistance in rice seedlings conferred by seed priming: Role of the anti-oxidant defense mechanisms. Protoplasma 250 (5):1115–29. doi:10.1007/s00709-013-0487-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heath, R. L., and L. Packer. 1968. Photoperoxidation in isolated chloroplasts I. Kinetics and stoichiometry of fatty acid peroxidation. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 125 (1):189–98. doi:10.1016/0003-9861(68)90654-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hussain, S., F. Khan, H. A. Hussain, and L. Nie. 2016. Physiological and biochemical mechanisms of seed priming-induced chilling tolerance in rice cultivars. Frontiers in Plant Science 7:1–14. doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.00116.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hussain, S., F. Khan, W. Cao, L. Wu, and M. Geng. 2016. Seed priming alters the production and detoxification of reactive oxygen intermediates in rice seedlings grown under sub-optimal temperature and nutrient supply. Frontiers in Plant Science 7:1–13. doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.00439.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hussain, S., M. Zheng, F. Khan, A. Khaliq, S. Fahad, S. Peng, J. Huang, K. Cui, and L. Nie. 2015. Benefits of rice seed priming are offset permanently by prolonged storage and the storage conditions. Scientific Reports 5:8101. doi:10.1038/srep08101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IPCC. 2007. Fourth assessment report: Synthesis. http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/syr/ar4_syr.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Ji, K., Y. Wang, W. Sun, Q. Lou, H. Mei, S. Shen, and H. Chen. 2012. Drought-responsive mechanisms in rice genotypes with contrasting drought tolerance during reproductive stage. Journal of Plant Physiology 169 (4):336–44. doi:10.1016/j.jplph.2011.10.010.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jisha, K. C., K. Vijayakumari, and J. T. Puthur. 2013. Seed priming for abiotic stress tolerance: An overview. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum 35 (5):1381–96. doi:10.1007/s11738-012-1186-5.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamoshita, A., R. Rodriguez, A. Yamauchi, and L. Wade. 2004. Genotypic variation in response of rainfed lowland rice to prolonged drought and rewatering. Plant Production Science 7 (4):406–20. doi:10.1626/pps.7.406.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaya, M. D., G. Okcu, M. Atak, Y. Cikili, and O. Kolsarıcı. 2006. Seed treatments to overcome salt and drought stress during germination in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). European Journal of Agronomy 24 (4):291–5. doi:10.1016/j.eja.2005.08.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan, M. N., J. Zhang, T. Luo, J. Liu, M. Rizwan, S. Fahad, Z. Xu, and L. Hu. 2019. Seed priming with melatonin coping drought stress in rapeseed by regulating reactive oxygen species detoxification: Antioxidant defense system, osmotic adjustment, stomatal traits and chloroplast ultrastructure perseveration. Industrial Crops and Products 140:111597. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2019.111597.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khatami, S. R., M. Sedghi, and R. S. Sharifi. 2015. Influence of priming on the physiological traits of corn seed germination under drought stress. Annals of West University of Timisoara, Series of Biology 18 (1):1–6.
   Google Scholar
• Lichtenthaler, H. K., and A. R. Wellburn. 1983. Determinations of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b of leaf extracts in different solvents. Biochemical Society Transactions 11 (5):591–2. doi:10.1042/bst0110591.
   Google Scholar
• Liu, H., S. Hussain, M. Zheng, S. Peng, M. Zheng, S. Peng, and J. Huang. 2015. Dry direct-seeded rice as an alternative to transplanted-flooded rice in Central China. Agronomy for Sustainable Development 35 (1):285–94. doi:10.1007/s13593-014-0239-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Michel, B. E., and M. R. Kaufmann. 1973. The osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant Physiology 51 (5):914–6. doi:10.1104/pp.51.5.914.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muchate, N. S., S. R. Nilima, P. Suprasanna, and T. D. Nikam. 2019. NaCl induced salt adaptive changes and enhanced accumulation of 20-hydroxyecdysone in the in vitro shoot cultures of Spinacia oleracea (L.). Scientific Reports 9 (1):10. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48737-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakano, Y., and K. Asada. 1981. Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts. Plant & Cell Physiology 22 (5):867–80.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nielsen, S. S. 2017. Total carbohydrate by phenol-sulfuric acid method. In Food analysis laboratory manual, ed. S. S. Nielsen, 137–41. Cham: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Oluwaseyi, A. B., D. Nehemmiah, and S. B. Zuluqurineen. 2016. Genetic improvement of rice in Nigeria for enhanced yield and grain quality - a review. Asian Research Journal of Agriculture 1 (3):1–18. doi:10.9734/ARJA/2016/28675.
   Google Scholar
• Paparella, S., S. S. Araújo, G. Rossi, M. Wijayasinghe, D. Carbonera, and A. Balestrazzi. 2015. Seed priming: State of the art and new perspectives. Plant Cell Reports 34 (8):1281–93. doi:10.1007/s00299-015-1784-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Price, A. H., N. M. Atherton, and G. A. F. Hendry. 1989. Plants under drought-stress generate activated oxygen. Free Radical Research Communications 8 (1):61–6. doi:10.3109/10715768909087973.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Refli, and Y. A. Purwestri. 2016. The response of antioxidant genes in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedling Cv. Cempo Ireng under drought and salinity stresses. AIP Conference Proceedings 1744 (1):020047. doi:10.1063/1.4953521.
   Google Scholar
• Rehman, H. U., S. Maqsood, A. Basra, and M. Farooq. 2011. Field appraisal of seed priming to improve the growth, yield, and quality of direct seeded rice. Turkish Journal of Agriculture & Forestry 35:357–65. doi:10.3906/tar-1004-954.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruttanaruangboworn, A., W. Chanprasert, P. Tobunluepop, and D. Onwimol. 2017. Effect of seed priming with different concentrations of potassium nitrate on the pattern of seed imbibition and germination of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Journal of Integrative Agriculture 16 (3):605–13. doi:10.1016/S2095-3119(16)61441-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sairam, R. K., and G. C. Srivastava. 2001. Water stress tolerance of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.): Variations in hydrogen peroxide accumulation and antioxidant activity in tolerant and susceptible genotypes. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 186 (1):63–70. doi:10.1046/j.1439-037x.2001.00461.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shehab, G. G., O. K. Ahmed, and H. S. El-Beltagi. 2010. Effects of various chemical agents for alleviation of drought stress in rice plants (Oryza sativa L.). Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 38 (1):139–48. doi:10.15835/NBHA3813627.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe, S., K. Kojima, Y. Ide, and S. Sasaki. 2000. Effects of saline and osmotic stress on proline and sugar accumulation in Populus euphratica in vitro. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 63 (3):199–206. doi:10.1023/A:1010619503680.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan, M. 2015. Seed priming stimulates germination and early seedling growth of Chinese cabbage under drought stress. South African Journal of Botany 99:88–92. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2015.03.195.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, F., J. Yu, C. R. Johnston, Y. Wang, K. Zhu, and F. Lu. 2015. Seed priming with polyethylene glycol induces physiological changes in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) seedlings under suboptimal soil moisture environments. PLoS ONE 10 (10):1–15. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140620.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar