Synergistic action of humic acid substances and bio-inoculants in guava (Psidium guajava L.): impact on growth traits, fruiting, nutrient profiling and rhizosphere stochiometry in meadow rainy season plant-soil interface

References

• A.O.A.C. 1980. Official methods of analysis of the associations of analytical chemists. 13th ed., 376–84. Washington, DC: Benjamin Franklin Station.
   Google Scholar
• Aseri, G. K., N. Jain, J. Panwar, A. V. Rao, and P. R. Meghwal. 2008. Biofertilizers improve plant growth, fruit yield, nutrition, metabolism and rhizosphere enzyme activities of pomegranate. Scientia Horticulturae 117 (2):130–5. doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2008.03.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Asgharzade, A., and M. Babaeian. 2012. Investigating the effects of humic acid and acetic acid foliar application on yield and leaves nutrient content of grape (Vitis vinifera). African Journal of Microbiological Research 6:6049–54.
   Google Scholar
• Atiyeh, R. M., C. A. Edwards, J. D. Metzger, S. Lee, and N. Q. Arancon. 2002. The influence of humic acids derived from earthworm processed organic wastes on plant growth. Bioresource Technology 84 (1):7–14. doi: 10.1016/S0960-8524(02)00017-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aya, H., and F. Gulser. 2005. The effects of sulfur and humic acid on yield components and macronutrient contents of spinach (Spinacia Oleracea var. Spinoza). Journal of Biological Sciences 5 (6):801–4. doi: 10.3923/jbs.2005.801.804.
   Google Scholar
• Baba, Z. A., M. Y. Zargar, and S. A. Mir. 2010. Effect of inorganic fertilizers and biofertilizers on soil physico chemical properties and micronutrient availability in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch). Asian Journal of Soil Science 5:90–3.
   Google Scholar
• Bhat, T. A., M. Gupta, M. A. Ganai, R. A. Ahanger, and H. A. Bhat. 2013. Yield, soil health and nutrient utilization of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) as affected by phosphorus and biofertilizers under sub-tropical conditions of Jammu. International Journal of Modern Science and Technology 1:1–8.
   Google Scholar
• Chandra, V., H. G. Sharma, and S. N. Dikshit. 2015. Effect of integrated application of chemical fertilizers, organics and biofertilizers on growth, yield and quality of guava. Trends in Biosciences 8:6823–6.
   Google Scholar
• Chapman, H. D. 1964. Suggested foliar sampling and handling techniques for determining the nutrient status of some field, horticultural and plantation crops. Indian Journal of Horticulture 21:97–119.
   Google Scholar
• Chen, Y., C. Clapp, and H. Magen. 2004. Mechanisms of plant growth stimulation by humic substances: The role of organo-iron complexes. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 50 (7):1089–95. doi: 10.1080/00380768.2004.10408579.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, X., M. Kou, Z. Tang, A. Zhang, H. Li, and M. Wei. 2017. Responses of root physiological characteristics and yield of sweet potato to humic acid urea fertilizer. PLOS One 12 (12):e0189715. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189715.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cimrin, K. M., and I. Yilmaz. 2005. Humic acid applications to lettuce do not improve yield but do improve phosphorus availability. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica 55 (1):58–63. doi: 10.1080/09064710510008559.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cunha, D. P., I. L. Marcelo, A. C. Herbert, M. F. G. A. Cristina, and A. M. Souza. 2015. Impact of humic substances and nitrogen fertilizers on fruit quality and yield of custard apple. Acta Scientiarum Agronomy 37:1–2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Das, K., S. Sau, P. Datta, and D. Sengupta. 2017. Influence of biofertilizer on guava (Psidium guajava L.) cultivation in gangetic alluvial plain of West Bengal. Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences 5 (4):476–82. doi: 10.18006/2017.5(4).476.482.
   Google Scholar
• Delgado, A., A. Madrid, S. Kassem, L. Andreu, and M. del Carmen del Campillo. 2002. Phosphorus fertilizer recovery from calcareous soils amended with humic and fulvic acids. Plant and Soil 245 (2):277–86. doi: 10.1023/A:1020445710584.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Devi, H. L., S. K. Mitra, and S. C. Poi. 2012. Effect of different organic and biofertilizer sources on guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. Sardar. Acta Horticulturae 959 (959):201–8. doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.959.25.
   Google Scholar
• Dutt, S., S. D. Sharma, and P. Kumar. 2013. Arbuscular mycorrhiza and Zn fertilization modify growth and physiological behavior of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.). Scientia Horticulturae 155:97–104. doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2013.03.012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ennab, A. H. 2016. Effect of humic acid on growth and productivity of Egyptian lime trees (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) under salt stress conditions. Journal of Agricultural Research 42:494–505.
   Google Scholar
• Erdogan, U., M. Turan, F. Ates, R. Kotan, R. Cakmakci, Y. Erdogan, N. Kitir, and S. Tufenkci. 2018. Effects of root plant growth promoting rhizobacteria inoculations on the growth and nutrient content of grapevine. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 49 (14):1731–8. doi: 10.1080/00103624.2018.1474910.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fathy, M. A., M. A. Gabr, and E. l S. A. Shall. 2010. Effect of humic acid treatments on Canino apricot growth, yield and fruit quality. New York Science Journal 3:109–15.
   Google Scholar
• Gerdemann, J. W., and T. H. Nicolson. 1963. Spores of mycorrhizal Endogone species extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 46 (2):235–44. doi: 10.1016/S0007-1536(63)80079-0.
   Google Scholar
• Gomez, K. A., and A. A. Gomez. 1984. Statistical procedures for agricultural research, 680p. New York: A Willey Interscience Publication.
   Google Scholar
• Goswami, A. K., S. Lal, M. Thakare, Pratibha, D. S. Mishra, and R. Kumar. 2015. Studies on integrated nutrient management on yield and quality of guava cv. Pant Prabhat. Indian Journal of Horticulture 72:139–42. doi: 10.5958/0974-0112.2015.00026.2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haghighi, M., A. Nikbakht, Y. P. Xia, and M. Pessarakli. 2014. Influence of humic acid in diluted nutrient solution on growth, nutrient efficiency, and postharvest attributes of gerbera. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 45 (2):177–88. doi: 10.1080/00103624.2013.848885.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hameed, A., S. Fatma, J. I. Wattoo, M. Yaseen, and S. Ahmad. 2018. Accumulative effects of humic acid and multinutrient foliar fertilizers on the vegetative and reproductive attributes of citrus (Citrus reticulata cv. Kinnow mandarin). Journal of Plant Nutrition 41 (19):2495–506. doi: 10.1080/01904167.2018.1510506.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ibraheim, H. I. M., H. H. M. Saied, and M. S. E. H. Awad. 2018. Effect of using humic acid and amino acids enriched with different nutrients as partial replacement of mineral nitrogen fertilizers in Zebda mango orchards. New York Science Journal 11:62–71.
   Google Scholar
• Ibrahim, H. I. M., M. M. A. Zaglol, and A. M. M. Hammad. 2010. Response of Baldy Guava trees cultivated in sandy calcareous soil to bio fertilization with phosphate dissolving bacteria and VAM fungi. Journal of American Science 6:399–404.
   Google Scholar
• Iftikhar, A., S. Ahmad, M. J. Jaskani, and M. Yasin. 2017. Combined effect of nitrogen and humic acid on carbohydrate nitrogen ratio, photosynthetic activities, fruit yield and quality of Kinnow mandarin. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 54 (02):319–26. doi: 10.21162/PAKJAS/17.6055.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackson, M. L. 1973. Soil chemical analysis, 120p. New Delhi: Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Jayswal, D. K., D. P. Sharma, T. R. Sharma, A. K. Dwivedi, A. S. Gontia, and N. Lal. 2017. Effect pruning intensity and nutrition on NPK content in guava leaves cv. Allahabad Safeda. International Journal of Chemical Studies 5:487–90.
   Google Scholar
• Jensen, E. S. 1987. Inoculation of pea by application of Rhizobium in planting furrow. Plant and Soil 97 (1):63–70. doi: 10.1007/BF02149824.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaur, N., A. Kaur, and G. Kaur. 2016. Effect of integrated nutrient management on fruit quality parameters of Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.). International Journal of Recent Scientific Research 7:13485–7.
   Google Scholar
• Khalid, S., K. M. Qureshi, I. A. Hafiz, K. S. Khan, and U. S. Qureshi. 2013. Effect of organic amendments on vegetative growth, fruit and yield quality of strawberry. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Sciences 26:104–12.
   Google Scholar
• Khan, R. U. 2017. Effect of humic acid on growth and crop nutrient status of wheat on two different soils. Journal of Plant Nutrition 28:453–60.
   Google Scholar
• Khattab, M. M., A. E. Shaban, E. l. A. H. Shrief, and E. l. M. A. S. Deen. 2012. Effect of humic acid and amino acids on pomegranate, trees under deficit irrigation: Growth, flowering and fruiting. Journal of Horticultural Sciences and Ornamental Plants 4:253–9.
   Google Scholar
• Khattak, R. A., K. Haroon, and D. Muhammad. 2013. Mechanism of humic acid induced beneficial effects in salt affected soils. Scientific Research Essay 8:932–9.
   Google Scholar
• Kosary, E. l. S., E. l. I. E. Shenawy, and S. I. Radwan. 2011. Effect of microelements, amino and humic acids on growth, flowering and fruiting of some mango cultivars. Journal of Horticultural Sciences and Ornamental Plants 3:152–61.
   Google Scholar
• Kumar, N., H. K. Singh, and P. K. Mishra. 2015. Effect of organic manures and bio fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa duch.) cv. Chandler. Trends in Bioscience 8:490–2.
   Google Scholar
• Manjare, P. B., M. G. Tonde, C. S. Dolas, and S. B. Ingle. 2018. Studies on effect of application of biofertilizers with chemical fertilizers on growth, yield and quality of sapota (Manilkara achras (Mill.) Forseberg) cv. Kalipatti. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6:2105–9.
   Google Scholar
• Maskar, S. L., A. M. Bhosale, and S. J. Syed. 2018. Impact of biofertilizers and inorganic fertilizers on growth parameters of sapota (Manilkara achras Mill.) cv. Kalipatti. International Journal of Chemical Studies 6:1056–63.
   Google Scholar
• Merwin, H. D., and M. Peech. 1951. Exchangeability of soils potassium in the sand silt and clay fractions as influenced by the nature of the complementary exchangeable cations. Soil Science Society of America Journal 15 (C):125–8. doi: 10.2136/sssaj1951.036159950015000C0026x.
   Google Scholar
• Mia, M. A B., Z. H. Shamsuddin, Z. Wahab, and M. Marziah. 2010. Rhizobacteria as bioenhancer and biofertilizer for growth and yield of banana (Musa spp. cv. Berangan). Scientia Horticulturae 126 (2):80–7. doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2010.06.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitra, S. K., M. R. Gurung, and P. K. Pathak. 2012. Organic nutrient management in high density guava orchard. Acta Horticulturae 933 (933):233–8. doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2012.933.28.
   Google Scholar
• Moctezuma, L. H., F. R. Cerrato, R. J. Larios, A. S. Espinosa, M. R. F. Bello, and L. J. G. Aguirre. 2005. Arbuscular mycorrhizae, Bacillus and substrate enriched with vermicompost on the development of papaya plants. Terra Nova 24:523–31.
   Google Scholar
• Mohamed, H., M. Al-Kamar, F. A. Azza, and E. l. M. A. Abd. 2013. Effect of magnetite and some biofertilizer application on growth and yield of Valencia orange trees under EL-Bustan condition. Nature and Science 11:46–61.
   Google Scholar
• Moinuddin, T. A. Dar, S. Hussain, M. M. A. Khan, N. Hashmi, M. Idrees, M. Naeem, and A. Akbar. 2014. Use of N and P biofertilizers together with phosphorus fertilizer improves growth and physiological attributes of chickpea. Global Journal of Agricultural and Allied Sciences 2:168–74.
   Google Scholar
• Mosa, W. F. G., A. Nagwa, A. B. D. Megeed, and L. S. Paszt. 2015. The effect of the foliar application of potassium, calcium, boron and humic acid on vegetative growth, fruit set, leaf mineral, yield and fruit quality of Anna apple trees. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture 8 (4):224–34. doi: 10.9734/AJEA/2015/16716.
   Google Scholar
• Nurbhanej, K. H., M. J. Patel, H. R. Barot, R. M. Thakkar, and A. V. Gadhavi. 2016. Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth, yield and quality of acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia swingle) cv. Kagzi. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 8:2360–3.
   Google Scholar
• Olsen, S. R., C. V. Culs, F. S. Wortanade, and L. A. Deam. 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. USDA Circular 939:19–23.
   Google Scholar
• Osman, S. M., and E. l. A. I. E. Rhman. 2010. Effect of organic and bio-N fertilization on growth, productivity of fig tree (Ficus carica L.). Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences 6:319–28.
   Google Scholar
• Panuccio, M. R., A. Muscolo, and S. Nardi. 2001. Effect of humic substances on nitrogen uptake and assimilation in two species of Pinus. Journal of Plant Nutrition 24 (4–5):693–704. doi: 10.1081/PLN-100103663.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patel, M., N. J. Vihol, A. D. Patel, and H. C. Patel. 2017. Effect of integrated nutrient management on quality parameters of sapota (Manilkara achras (Mill) Forsberg) cv. Kalipatti. International Journal of Chemical Studies 5:889–91.
   Google Scholar
• Pathak, D. V., S. Singh, and R. S. Saini. 2013. Impact of bio inoculants on seed germination and plant growth of guava (Psidium guajava). Journal of Horticulture and Forestry 5:183–5.
   Google Scholar
• Pikovskaya, R. I. 1948. Mobilization of phosphorus in soil in connection with the vital activity of some microbial species. Mikrobiologiya 7:362–70.
   Google Scholar
• Piper, C. S. 1966. Soil chemical analysis, 408p. Bombay: Asia Publishing House.
   Google Scholar
• Ram, R. A., and R. K. Pathak. 2007. Integration of organic farming practices for sustainable production of guava. Acta Horticulturae 735 (735):357–63. doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2007.735.51.
   Google Scholar
• Sahu, P. K., V. Sahu, and C. Okesh. 2015. Impact of organics and chemical fertilizers on growth, yield and soil nutrient status in guava. Trends in Biosciences 8:2018–22.
   Google Scholar
• Satisha, G., and L. Devarajan. 2005. Humic substances and their complexation with phosphorus and calcium during composting of press mud and other biodegradables. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 36 (7–8):805–18. doi: 10.1081/CSS-200049454.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selladurai, R., and T. J. Purakayastha. 2016. Effect of humic acid multinutrient fertilizers on yield and nutrient use efficiency of potato. Journal of Plant Nutrition 39 (7):949–56. doi: 10.1080/01904167.2015.1109106.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shall, E. l. S. A., E. l. A. W. M. Messeih, A. A. Nagwa, and J. Okalebo. 2010. The influence of humic acid treatment on the performance and water requirements of prune trees planted in calcareous soil. Alexandria Science Exchange Journal 31:38–50.
   Google Scholar
• Sharif, M., R. A. Khattak, and M. S. Sarir. 2002. Effect of different levels of lignitic coal derived humic acid on growth of maize plants. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 33 (19–20):3567–80. doi: 10.1081/CSS-120015906.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma, A., P. Bhatnagar, M. C. Jain, and J. P. Singh. 2014. Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth attributes in custard apple cv. ARKA SAHAN. Asian Journal of Horticulture 9:43–7.
   Google Scholar
• Sharma, R., P. K. Jain, and T. R. Sharma. 2016. Improvement in productivities and profitability in high density orchard of mango (Mangifera indica L) cv. Amrapali through integrated nutrient management. Economic Affairs 61 (3):533–8. doi: 10.5958/0976-4666.2016.00067.X.
   Google Scholar
• Sharma, S. D., M. Devi, P. Kumar, S. K. Bhardwaj, and H. Raj. 2011a. Potential use of bio-organic and inorganic nutrient source dynamics for improving cropping behavior, soil biological properties, nutrient content and quality attributes of apricot. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 42 (14):1659–74. doi: 10.1080/00103624.2011.584594.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma, S. D., P. Kumar, S. K. Bhardwaj, and A. Chandel. 2011b. Symbiotic effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal technology and Azotobacterization for citrus nursery management under soil disinfestations and moisture conservation mulch practices. Scientia Horticulturae 132:27–36. doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2011.09.033.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma, S., S. D. Sharma, and P. Kumar. 2017. Response of nectarines to organic fertilization under rainfed ecosystem of north-west Himalayas. Journal of Plant Nutrition 40 (14):2014–25. doi: 10.1080/01904167.2017.1346118.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen, Z., S. Zhong, Y. Wang, B. Wang, X. Mei, R. Li, Y. Ruan, and Q. Shen. 2013. Induced soil microbial suppression of banana fusarium wilt disease using compost and biofertilizer to improve yield and quality. European Journal of Soil Biology 57:1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.ejsobi.2013.03.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, A., and J. N. Singh. 2009. Effect of bio fertilizers and bio regulators on growth, yield and nutrient status of strawberry cv. Sweet Charlie. Indian Journal of Horticulture 66:220–4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, G. 2008. High density and meadow orcharding of Guava. Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh: Central Institute for Sub-tropical Horticulture.
   Google Scholar
• Singh, V. G., S. D. Sharma, P. Kumar, and S. K. Bhardwaj. 2012. Effect of bio organic and inorganic nutrient sources to improve leaf nutrient status of apricot. Indian Journal of Horticulture 69:45–9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, Y., S. Prakash, O. Prakash, and D. Kumar. 2017. Effect of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on available soil in Amrapali mango (Mangifera indica L.) under high density planting. International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience 5 (4):93–8. doi: 10.18782/2320-7051.2556.
   Google Scholar
• Stephens, J. H. G., and H. M. Rask. 2000. Inoculant production and formulation. Field Crops Research 65 (2–3):249–58. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4290(99)00090-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Subbiah, B. V., and G. L. Asija. 1956. A rapid procedure for the estimation of the available nitrogen in soils. Current Science 25:259–60.
   Google Scholar
• Suchen, L. 2000. Effect of microbial inoculation on the seedling growth in Citrus maxima and Western Pomelo. Journals in Agricultural Sciences in China 49:63–75.
   Google Scholar
• Thakur, N., B. S. Thakur, and U. Singh. 2014. Health and available nutrient status of plum cv. Santa Rosa orchard soil under integrated nutrient management. International Journal of Farm Sciences 4:72–8.
   Google Scholar
• Trevisan, S., O. Francioso, S. Quaggiotti, and S. Nardi. 2010. Humic substances biological activity at the plant-soil interface: From environmental aspects to molecular factors. Plant Signaling & Behavior 5 (6):635–43. doi: 10.4161/psb.5.6.11211.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tyagi, S. K., S. S. Singh, S. P. Mishra, P. Sirothia, and S. S. Gautam. 2018. Studies on effect of integrated nutrient management in improving yield and quality of guava (Psidium guajava L.) cv. L-49. International Journal of Tropical Agriculture 36:979–83.
   Google Scholar
• Walkley, A. J., and L. A. Black. 1934. Estimation of soil organic carbon by the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science 37:259–60.
   Google Scholar
• Westwood, M. N. 1978. Plant efficiency; growth and yield measurements. In Temperate Zone Pomology, 119–20. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company.
   Google Scholar
• Wollum, A. G. 1982. Cultural methods for soil microorganisms. In Methods of soil analysis, part II, Chemical and microbiological properties, 781–802. Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy. Inc.
   Google Scholar
• Zalba, P., and N. Peinemann. 2002. Phosphorus content in soil related to fulvic acid carbon fraction. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 33 (19–20):3737–44. doi: 10.1081/CSS-120015918.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, X., and E. H. Ervin. 2004. Cytokinin containing seaweed and humic acid extracts associated with creeping bentgrass leaf cytokinins and drought resistance. Crop Science 44 (5):1737–45. doi: 10.2135/cropsci2004.1737.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar