The relationship of soil and leaf nutrients to rice leaf oranging

References

• Anderson , D. L. , Snyder , G. H. and Martin , F. G. 1991 . Multi‐year response of sugarcane to calcium silicate slag on everglades histosols . Agron. J. , 83 : 870 – 874 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bacha , R. E. and Hossner , L. R. 1977 . Characteristics of coatings formed on rice roots as affected by iron and manganese additions . Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. , 41 : 931 – 935 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benckiser , G. , Santiago , S. , Neue , H.U. , Wantanabe , I. and Ottow , J. C. G. 1984 . Effect of fertilization on exudation, dehydrogenase activity, iron‐reducing populations and Fe++ formation in the rhizosphere of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in relation to toxicity . Plant Soil. , 79 : 305 – 316 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chapman , H. H. 1965 . “ Cation exchange capacity ” . In Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2 , Edited by: Black , C. A. 891 – 901 . Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy . Monograph No. 9
   Google Scholar
• Chen , C. C. , Dixon , J. B. and Turner , F. T. 1980 . Iron coatings on rice roots: Morphology and models of development . Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. , 44 : 1113 – 1119 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Corey , K. A. and Barker , A. V. 1989 . Ethylene evolution and polyamine accumulation by tomato subjected to interactive stress of ammonium toxicity and potassium deficiency . J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. , 114 : 651 – 655 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deren , C. W. , Datnoff , L. E. and Snyder , G. H. 1992 . Variable silicon content of rice cultivars grown on everglades histosols . J. Plant Nutri. , 15 : 2363 – 2368 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dong‐Qing , C. , Wang , J. and Xio‐Nian , Z. 1985 . “ Acidity ” . In Physical Chemistry of Paddy Soils , Edited by: Yu , T. 131 – 156 . New York, NY : Springer‐Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Elawad , S. H. and Green , V. E. 1979 . Silicon and the rice plant environment: A review of recent research . Il Riso , 28 : 235 – 253 .
   Google Scholar
• Epstein , E. 1972 . Mineral Nutrition of Plants. Principles and Perspectives , New York, NY : John Wiley and Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Freire , F. M. , Novais , R. F. , Soares , P.C. , Da Costa , L.M. and Faria , E.A. 1985 . Lime organic fertilizer and water management for control of iron toxicity in irrigated rice . Revista Ceres , 32 : 162 – 169 .
   Google Scholar
• Gajendragadkar , G. R. and Rathmor , G. S. 1987 . Effect of manganese application on yield and manganese content of rice grown on some entisols . J. Ind. Soc. Soil Sci. , 35 : 74 – 77 .
   Google Scholar
• Givan , C. V. 1979 . Metabolic detoxification of ammonia in tissues of higher plants . Phytochem. , 18 : 375 – 381 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldsmith , J. I. , Newbury , D. E. , Echlin , P. , Joy , D. , Fiori , C. and Lifshin , E. 1981 . “ Scanning Electron Microscopy and X‐ray Microanalysis ” . 495 – 540 . New York, NY : Plenum Press .
   Google Scholar
• Goyal , S. S. and Huffaker , R. C. 1984 . “ Nitrogen toxicity in plant ” . In Nitrogen in Crop Production , Edited by: Hauck , R. D. 87 – 118 . Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy .
   Google Scholar
• Horiguchi , T. 1988 . Mechanism of manganese toxicity and tolerance of plants. IV. Effects of silicon and alleviation of manganese toxicity of rice plants . Soil Sci. Plant Nutri. , 34 : 65 – 73 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hossner , L. R. and Phillips , D. P. 1973 . Extraction of soil solution from flooded soil using a porous plastic filter . Soil Sci. , 115 : 87 – 88 .
   Google Scholar
• Howeler , R. H. 1973 . Iron‐induced oranging disease of rice in relation to physico‐chemical changes in a flooded oxisol . Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. , 37 : 898 – 903 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howeler , R. H. 1985 . “ Oranging and iron toxicity in irrigated rice on acid soil ” . In Arroz: Investigacion y Producion , Edited by: Tascon , J.E. and Garcia , D.E. 149 – 156 . Columbia : CIAT .
   Google Scholar
• Ikeda , H. and Osawa , T. 1982 . Effect of potassium and calcium levels and their accompanying anions in the nutrient solution on ammonium toxicity in vegetable crops . J. Jap. Soc. Hort. Sci. , 51 : 309 – 317 .
   Google Scholar
• Innes , R. P. and Pluth , D. J. 1970 . Thin section preparation using an epoxy impregnation for petrographic and electron microprobe analysis . Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. , 34 : 483 – 485 .
   Google Scholar
• Ismunadji , M. . Fertilizer Use and Public Health . Proceedings 12th Colloquium International Potash Institute, Ismir Turkey . Worblaufen‐Bern, Switzerland. Rice diseases and physiological disorders related to potassium deficency , International Potash Institute . CH‐3046
   Google Scholar
• Kawaguchi , K. and Kyuma , K. 1977 . “ Specific problems related to paddy soils in tropical Asia ” . In Paddy Soils in Tropical Asia ‐Their Nature and Fertility , 187 – 200 . Honolulu, HI : University of Hawaii Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lian , S. 1976 . “ Silica fertilization of rice ” . In The Fertility of Paddy Soils and Fertilizer Applications for Rice , 197 – 221 . Taiwan : Asian and Pacific Council Food Fertilizer Technology Center .
   Google Scholar
• Lopes , M.S. 1987 . Occurrence of orange discoloration in irrigated rice . Lavoura Azzozeira. , 40 : 28 – 29 .
   Google Scholar
• Lopes , M.S. and Machado , M.O. 1985 . “ The effect of fertilizer and lime application on production and iron toxicity in the cultivation of irrigated rice ” . In Anais da 14a Reuniao da Cultura do Arroz Irrigado , 202 – 208 . Brazil : EMBRAPA‐CPATB .
   Google Scholar
• Magalhaes , J.R. and Huber , D.M. 1991 . Response of ammonium assimilation enzymes to nitrogen from treatments in different plant species . J. Plant Nutri. , 14 : 175 – 185 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehra , O. P. and Jackson , M. L. 1960 . Iron oxide removed from soils and clays by a dithionate‐citrate system buffered with sodium bicarbonate . Clays Clay Min. , 7 : 317 – 327 .
   Google Scholar
• Mengel , K. , Viro , M. and Hehl , G. 1976 . Effect of potassium uptake and incorporation of ammonium‐nitrogen of rice plants . Plant Soil , 44 : 547 – 558 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moharty , S. K. and Patnaik , S. 1976 . Effect of Submergence on the chemical changes in different rice soils. II. Kinetics of P, Fe, and Mn . Acta Agro. Acad. Sci. Hung. , 25 : 149 – 153 .
   Google Scholar
• Moore , P. A. Jr. and Patrick , W. H. Jr. 1989 . Iron availability and uptake by rice in acid sulfate soils . Soil Sci. Amer. Proc. , 53 : 471 – 476 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murty , K.S. 1980 . “ The mineral nutrition of wetland rice ” . In International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Science , Volume 7 , 109 – 115 . Cuttack, , India : Center Rice Research Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Nayer , P. K. , Misra , A. K. and Patnaik , S. 1977 . Evaluation of silica‐supplying power of soils for growing rice . Plant Soil. , 47 : 1487 – 494 .
   Google Scholar
• Nayer , P. K. , Misra , A. K. and Patnaik , S. 1982a . Silica in rice and flooded rice soils. I. Effects of flooding on the extractable silica in soils and its relation with uptake by rice . Oryza. , 19 : 34 – 40 .
   Google Scholar
• Nayer , P. K. , Misra , A. K. and Patnaik , S. 1982b . Silica in rice and flooded rice soils. II. Uptake of silica in relation to growth of rice varieties of different durations grown on an inceptisol . Oryza. , 19 : 88 – 92 .
   Google Scholar
• Nelson , L.E. 1983 . Tolerances of 20 rice cultivars to excess Al and Mn . Agron. J. , 75 : 134 – 138 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson , D.W. and Sommers , L.E. 1982 . “ Total calcium, organic calcium and organic matter ” . In Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Minerological Properties , Edited by: Page , A.L. 539 – 579 . Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy . Agronomy No. 9
   Google Scholar
• Noguchi , Y. and Sugawara , T. 1966 . Potassium and Japonica rice. Summary of Twenty‐five Year's Research , Bern, , Switzerland : International Potash Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Okuda , A. and Takahashi , E. 1965 . “ The role of silicon ” . In The Mineral Nutrition of the Rice Plant , Edited by: Tanaka , A. 63 – 73 . Baltimore, MD : Johns Hopkins Press .
   Google Scholar
• Ottow , J.G.C. , Benckiser , G. , Watanabe , I. and Santiago , S. 1983 . Multiple nutritional stress as a prerequisite for iron toxicity of wetland rice . Trop. Agr. , 60 : 102 – 106 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patrick , W.H. Jr. and Reddy , C.N. 1978 . Chemical changes in rice soils. In Soils and rice , 361 – 379 . Los Banos, , Phillipines : IRRI .
   Google Scholar
• Reddy , K. R. , Patrick , W. H. Jr. and Phillips , R. E. 1980 . Evaluation of selected processes controlling nitrogen loss in a flooded soil . Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. , 44 : 1241 – 1246 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salim , M. and Saxena , R. C. 1992 . Iron, silica, and aluminum stresses and varietal resistance in rice: Effects on whitebacked planthopper . Crop Sci. , 32 : 212 – 219 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savich , V. I. , Sidorenko , O. D. , Vankova , A. A. , Gnangenon , N. and Kolesov , A. A. 1990 . Effect of prolonged rice growing on redox regime and status of Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn compounds in a meadow‐chernozem soil . Sov. Soil Sci. , 22 : 84 – 91 .
   Google Scholar
• Snyder , G. H. , Jones , D. S. and Gascho , G. J. 1986 . Silicon fertilization of rice on everglades histosols . Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. , 50 : 1259 – 1263 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su , N. R. 1983 . Availability and efficiency of residual and native levels of Si . J. Agr. Assoc. China. , 122 : 46 – 63 .
   Google Scholar
• Suelter , C. H. 1985 . “ Role of potassium in enzyme catalysis ” . In Potassium in Agriculture , Edited by: Munson , R.D. 337 – 367 . Madison, WI : American Society of Agronomy .
   Google Scholar
• Tanaka , A. , Loe , R. and Navasero , S. A. 1966 . Some mechanisms involved in the development of iron toxicity in the rice plant . Soil Sci. Plant Nutri. , 12 : 158 – 164 .
   Google Scholar
• Tanaka , A. and Navasero , S. A. 1966 . Interaction between iron and maganese in the rice plant . Soil Sci. Plant Nutri. , 12 : 29 – 33 .
   Google Scholar
• Tanaka , A. and Yoshida , S. 1970 . Nutritional disorders of the rice plant in Asia , Tech. Bulletin 10 Los Banos, , Phillipines : IRRI .
   Google Scholar
• Technicon . 1977 . Individual/simultaneous determination of nitrogen and/or phosphorus in BD acid digests industrial method No. 334–74W/B , Tarrytown, NY : Formerly Technicon Industrial Instruments, presently Braun and Leubb, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Van der Norm , P.D.J. and Van Diest , A. 1979a . Aspects of the Fe and Mn nutrition of rice plants II. Iron and manganese uptake by rice plants grown on aerobic water cultures . Plant Soil , 52 : 19 – 29 .
   Google Scholar
• Van der Norm , P.D.J. and Van Diest , A. 1979b . Iron‐and manganese‐uptake by rice plants, grown under aerobic and anaerobic conditions . Plant Soil. , 51 : 233 – 246 .
   Google Scholar
• Winslow , M. D. , Yanauchi , M. , Alluri , K. and Masajo , T. M. 1989 . Reducing iron toxicity in rice with resistant genotype and ridge planting . Agron. J. , 81 : 458 – 460 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yoshida , S. , Navasero , S. A. and Ramirez , E. A. 1969 . Effects of silica and nitrogen supply on some leaf characters of the rice plant . Plant Soil , 31 : 48 – 56 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuan , H. F. and Chang , Y. S. . The psysiological significance of silicon in rice plants: The influence of pH on silicon uptake of rice plants and the presence of silica in the cell . Proceedings of the National Science Council No. 10 . China. pp. 1 – 13 .
   Google Scholar
• Xie‐Ming and Bao . 1985 . “ Iron and Manganese ” . In Physical Chemistry of Paddy Soils , Edited by: T. Y. 69 – 91 . New York, NY : Springer‐Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Xi , S. , Guo‐rui , M. , Rong‐xin , L. and Xian‐xiang , Y. . Biochemical and nutritional diagnosis of K‐deficiency of paddy rice plants with regard to soil fertility . Proceedings of Symposium on Paddy Soil. Institute of Soil Science, Academica Sinica, Science Press, Beijing . New York, NY. pp. 621 – 627 . Springer‐Verlag .
   Google Scholar