Nitrate reductase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, and glutamine synthetase in annual ryegrass as affected by salinity and nitrogen

References

• Arnozis , P.A. , Nelemans , J.A. and Findenegg , G.R. 1988 . Phosphoenolphruvate carboxylase activity in plants grown with either NO3‐ or NH4+ as inorganic nitrogen source . J. Plant Physiol. , 132 : 23 – 27 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aslam , M. , Huffaker , R. and Rains , D.W. 1984 . Early effect of salinity on nitrate assimilation in barley seedlings . Plant Physiol. , 76 : 321 – 335 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barber , M.J. , Notton , B.A , Kay , C.J. and Solomonson , L.P. 1989 . Chloride inhibition of spinach nitrate reducíase . Plant Physiol. , 90 : 70 – 74 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beevers , L. and Hageman , R.H. 1983 . “ Uptake and reduction of nitrate: Bacteria and higher plants ” . In Inorganic Plant Nutrition , Edited by: Lauchli , A. and Bielesk , R.L. 351 – 375 . Vienna, , Austria : Springer‐Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Bernstein , L. , Francois , L.E. and Clark , R.A. 1974 . Interactive effect of salinity and fertility on yields of grains and vegetables . Agron. J. , 66 : 412 – 421 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berteli , F. , Corrales , E. , Guerrero , C. , Ariza , M.J. , Pliego , F. and Valpuesta , V. 1995 . Salt stress increases ferredoxin‐dependent glutamate synthase activity and protein level in the leaves of tomato . Physiol. Plant. , 93 : 259 – 264 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bohnert , H.J. , Nelson , D.E. and Jensen , R.G. 1995 . Adaptation to environmental stresses . Plant Cell. , 7 : 1099 – 1111 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bourgeais‐Chaillou , P. , Perez‐Alfocea , F. and Guerrier , G. 1992 . Comparative effect of N‐sources on growth and physiological responses of soybean exposed to NaCl stress . J. Exp. Bot. , 254 : 1225 – 1233 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Champigny , M.L. and Foyer , C. 1992 . Nitrate activation of cytosolic protein kinase diverts photosynthetic carbon from sucrose to amino acid biosynthesis: Basis for a new concept . Plant Physiol. , 100 : 7 – 12 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coombs , J. 1985 . “ Carbon metabolism ” . In Techniques in Bioproductivity and Photosynthesis , Edited by: Coombs , J. , Hall , D.O. , Long , S.P. and Scurlock , J.M.O. 155 – 156 . Oxford, , England : Pergamon Press .
   Google Scholar
• Cramer , M.D. and Lips , S.H. 1995 . Enriched rhizosphere CO2 concentrations can ameliorate the influence of salinity on hydroponically grown tomato plants . Physiol. Plant. , 94 : 425 – 432 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cramer , M.D. , Lewis , O.A.M. and Lips , S.H. 1993 . CO2 fixation and metabolism in maize roots as affected by nitrate and ammonium nutrition . Physiol. Plant. , 89 : 632 – 639 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cramer , M.D. , Savidov , N.A. and Lips , S.H. 1996 . The influence of enriched rhizosphere CO2 on N uptake and metabolism in wild‐type and NR‐deficient barley plants . Physiol. Plant. , 97 : 47 – 54 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cramer , M.D. , Schierholt , A. , Wang , Y.Z. and Lips , S.H. 1995 . The influence of salinity on utilization of root anaplerotic carbon and nitrogen metabolism in tomato seedlings . J. Exp. Bot. , 46 : 1569 – 1577 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford , N.M. 1995 . Nitrate:nutrient and signal for plant growth . Plant Cell. , 7 : 859 – 868 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davies , D.D. 1973 . “ Metabolic control in higher plants ” . In Biosynthesys and Its Control in Plants , Edited by: Milborrow , B.V. 1 – 20 . London, , England : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Foyer , C.H. , Noctor , G. , Lelandais , M. , Lescure , J.C. , Valadier , M.H. , Boutin , J.P. and Horton , P. 1994 . Short‐term effects of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium assimilation on photosynthesis, carbon partitoning and protein phosphorylation in maize . Planta , 192 : 211 – 220 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao , Z.F. , Sagi , M. and Lips , S. H. 1996 . Assimilate allocation priority as affected by nitrogen compounds in the xylem sap . Plant Physiol. Biochem. , 34 : 807 – 815 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garg , B.K. , Vyas , S.P. , Kathju , S. , Lahiri , A.N. , Mali , P.C. and Sharma , P.C. 1993 . Salinity‐fertility interaction on growth mineral composition and nitrogen metabolism of Indian mustard . J. Plant Nutr. , 16 : 1637 – 1650 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenway , H. and Munns , R. 1980 . Mechanisms of salt tolerance in nonhalophytes . Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. , 31 : 149 – 190 .
   Google Scholar
• Guerrier , G. 1988 . Capacites PEPc et MDH extraites des plantules germees en milieu sale:des parametres biochimiques de l'ecophysiologie de la plante? . Seed Sci. Technol. , 16 : 571 – 578 .
   Google Scholar
• Hoagland , D.F. and Arnon , D.I. 1950 . The water culture for growing plants without soil . Calif. Agric. Exp. Stn. Circ , : 347
   Google Scholar
• Kafkafi , U. and Ganmore‐Neumann , R. 1997 . Ammonium in plant tissue: Real or artifact? . J. Plant Nutr. , 20 : 107 – 118 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kafkafi , U. , Letey , J. and Valoras , N. 1982 . Chloride interaction with nitrate and phosphate nutrition in tomato . J. Plant Nutr. , 5 : 1369 – 1385 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaiser , W.M. and Huber , S.C. 1994 . Posttranslational regulation of nitrate reductase in higher plants . Plant Physiol. , 106 : 817 – 821 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lea , P.J. 1985 . “ Ammonia assimilation and amino acid biosynthesis ” . In Techniques in Bioproductivity and Photosynthesis , Edited by: Coombs , J. , Hall , D.O , Long , S.P. and Scurlock , J.M.O. 173 – 179 . Oxford, , England : Pergamon Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lea , P.J. and Miflin , B. J. 1974 . Alternative route for nitrogen assimilation in higher plants . Nature (Lond.) , 251 : 614 – 616 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lips , S.H. , Zioni , A. Ben and Vaadia , Y. 1970 . “ K+ recirculation in plants and its importance for adequate nitrate nutrition ” . In Recent Advanced in Plant Nutrition , Edited by: Samish , R.M. 207 – 215 . New York, NY : Gordon and Breach .
   Google Scholar
• Lips , S.H. , Leidi , E.O. and Silberbush , M. 1990 . “ Nitrogen assimilation of plants under sterss and high CO2 concentrations ” . In Inorganic Nitrogen in Plants and Microorganisms , Uptake and Metabolism Edited by: Ulrich , W.R. , Rigano , C. , Fuggi , A. and Aparicio , P.J. 341 – 348 . Berlin, Heidelberg, , Germany : Springer‐Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Manetas , Y. 1990 . A re‐examination of NaCl effects on phosphoenolpyruvate carboxlase at high (physiological) enzyme concentrations . Physiol. Plant. , 78 : 225 – 229 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martinez , V. and Cerda , A. 1989 . Nitrate reductase activity in tomato and cucumber leaves as influenced by NaCl and N source . J. Plant Nutr. , 12 : 1335 – 1350 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mengel , K. , Robin , P. and Salsac , L. 1983 . Nitrate reductase activity in shoots and roots of maize seedlings as affected by the form of nitrogen nutrition and the pH of the nutrient solution . Plant Physiol. , 71 : 618 – 622 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miranda‐Ham , M.L. and Loyola‐Vargas , V.M. 1988 . Ammonia assimilation in Canavalia ensiformis plants under water and salt stress . Plant Cell Physiol. , 29 : 747 – 753 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ourry , A. , Meslé , S. and Boucaud , J. 1992 . Effects of osmotic stress (NaCl and polyethyleneglycol) on nitrate uptake, translocation, storage and reduction in ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) . New Phytol. , 120 : 275 – 280 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pilbeam , D.J. and Kirkby , E.A. 1992 . “ Some aspects of the utilization of nitrate and ammonium by plants ” . In Nitrogen Metabolism of Plants , Edited by: Mengel , K. and Pilbeam , D. J. 55 – 70 . Oxford, , England : Clarendon Press .
   Google Scholar
• Radin , J.W. , Parker , L.L. and Sell , C.R. 1978 . Partitioning of sugar between growth and nitrate reduction in cotton roots . Plant Physiol. , 62 : 550 – 553 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raven , J.A. 1985 . pH regulation in plants . Sci. Prog. Oxf. , 69 : 495 – 509 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes , D. , Hanada , S. and Bressan , R.A. 1986 . Metabolic changes associated with adaptation of plant cell to water stress . Plant Physiol. , 82 : 890 – 903 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhodes , D. , Rendon , G.A. and Stewart , G.R. 1975 . The control of glutamine synthetase level in Lemna minor L. . Planta , 125 : 201 – 211 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sagi , M. , Dovrat , A. , Kipnis , T. and Lips , S.H. 1997a . Ionic balance, biomass production, and organic nitrogen as affected by salinity and nitrogen source in annual ryegrass . J. Plant Nutr. , 20 : 1291 – 1316 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sagi , M. , Savidov , N.A. , L'vov , N.P. and Lips , S.H. 1997b . Nitrate reductase and molybdenum cofactor in annual ryegrass as affected by salinity and nitrogen sources . Physiol. Plant. , 99 : 546 – 553 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salasac , L. , Chilou , S. , Morot‐Gaudry , J.F. , Lesaint , C. and Jolivet , E. 1987 . Nitrate and ammonium nutrition in plants . Plant Physiol. Biochem. , 25 : 805 – 812 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sivasankar , S. and Oaks , A. 1995 . Regulation of nitrate reducíase during early seedling growth. A role for aspargine and glulamine . Plant Physiol. , 107 : 1225 – 1231 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srivastava , H.S. 1992 . Multiple functions and forms of higher plant nitrate reductase . Phytochemistry , 31 : 2941 – 2947 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas , J.R. and Langdale , G.W. 1980 . Ionic balance in coastal Bermuda grass influenced by nitrogen fertilizalion and soil salinity . Agron. J. , 72 : 449 – 452 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ting , I.P. and Dugger , W.M. 1967 . CO2 metabolism in corn rools. I. Kinetics of carboxylalion and decarboxylalion . Plant Physiol. , 42 : 712 – 718 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Veen , B.W. and Kleinendorsl , A. 1985 . Nilrate accumulation and osmotic regulation in Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) . J. Exp. Bot. , 36 : 211 – 218 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Venekamp , J.H. 1989 . Regulation of cytosol acidity in plants under conditions of drought . Physiol. Plant. , 76 : 112 – 117 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Villa , M.S. , Gonzalez , G.A. , Torees , J.L.T. and Santelises , A.A. 1992 . Effect of the NH4/ NO3 ratio on GS and PEPc activities and on dry matter production in wheat . J. Plant Nutr. , 15 : 2545 – 2557 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar