Walking Performance, Physical Activity, and Validity of the Early Activity Scale for Endurance in Young Children with Cerebral Palsy

References

• Alriksson‐Schmidt, A., Nordmark, E., Czuba, T., & Westbom, L. (2017). Stability of the Gross Motor Function Classification System in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: A retrospective cohort registry study. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 59(6), 641–646. doi:10.1111/dmcn.13385
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bartlett, D. J., Galuppi, B., Palisano, R. J., & McCoy, S. W. (2016). Consensus classifications of gross motor, manual ability, and communication function classification systems between therapists and parents of children with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 58(1), 98–99. doi:10.1111/dmcn.12933
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjornson, K., Fiss, A., Avery, L., Wentz, E., Kerfeld, C., Cicirello, N., & Hanna, S. E. (2018). Longitudinal trajectories of physical activity and walking performance by gross motor function classification system level for children with cerebral palsy. Disability and Rehabilitation, 07 January 2019. 1–9. doi:10.1080/09638288.2018.1534995
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjornson, K. F., Zhou, C., Stevenson, R., Christakis, D., & Song, K. (2014). Walking activity patterns in youth with cerebral palsy and youth developing typically. Disability and Rehabilitation, 36(15), 1279–1284.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjornson, K., Song, K., Lisle, J., Robinson, S., Killien, E., Barrett, T., & Zhou, C. (2010). Measurement of walking activity throughout childhood: Influence of leg length. Pediatric Exercise Science, 22(4), 581–595. doi:10.1123/pes.22.4.581
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bjornson, K. F., Belza, B., Kartin, D., Logsdon, R., & McLaughlin, J. F. (2007). Ambulatory physical activity performance in youth with cerebral palsy and youth who are developing typically. Physical Therapy, 87(3), 248–257.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capio, C. M., Sit, C. H., & Abernethy, B. (2010). Physical activity measurement using MTI (actigraph) among children with cerebral palsy. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 91(8), 1283–1290. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2010.04.026
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clanchy, K. M., Tweedy, S. M., Boyd, R. N., & Trost, S. G. (2011). Validity of accelerometry in ambulatory children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 111(12), 2951–2959. doi:10.1007/s00421-011-1915-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dancey, C. P., & Reidy, J. (2007). Statistics without maths for psychology. London, UK: Pearson Education.
   Google Scholar
• Evenson, K. R., Catellier, D. J., Gill, K., Ondrak, K. S., & McMurray, R. G. (2008). Calibration of two objective measures of physical activity for children. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26(14), 1557–1565. doi:10.1080/02640410802334196
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fiss, A. L., Jeffries, L., Yocum, A., McCoy, S. W., & On, T. S. T. (2019). Validity of the Early Activity Scale for Endurance and the 6-Minute Walk Test for Children with Cerebral Palsy. Pediatric Physical Therapy, 31(2), 156–163. doi:10.1097/PEP.0000000000000577
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fowler, E. G., Kolobe, T. H., Damiano, D. L., Thorpe, D. E., Morgan, D. W., Brunstrom, J. E., Coster, W. J., & Stevenson, R. D., for the Section on Pediatrics Research Summit Participants, Section on Pediatrics Research Committee Task Force (2007). Promotion of physical fitness and prevention of secondary conditions for children with cerebral palsy: Section on pediatrics research summit proceedings. Physical Therapy, 87(11), 1495–1510. doi:10.2522/ptj.20060116
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorter, J. W., Noorduyn, S. G., Obeid, J., & Timmons, B. W. (2012). Accelerometry: A feasible method to quantify physical activity in ambulatory and nonambulatory adolescents with cerebral palsy. International Journal of Pediatrics, 2012, 1–6.
   Google Scholar
• Graham, H. K. (2001). Botulinum toxin type A management of spasticity in the context of orthopaedic surgery for children with spastic cerebral palsy. European Journal of Neurology, 8(s5), 30–39. doi:10.1046/j.1468-1331.2001.00036.x
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hanna, S. E., Rosenbaum, P. L., Bartlett, D. J., Palisano, R. J., Walter, S. D., Avery, L., & Russell, D. J. (2009). Stability and decline in gross motor function among children and youth with cerebral palsy aged 2 to 21 years. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 51(4), 295–302. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.03196.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Healy, G. N., Matthews, C. E., Dunstan, D. W., Winkler, E. A., & Owen, N. (2011). Sedentary time and cardio-metabolic biomarkers in US adults: NHANES 2003–06. European Heart Journal, 32(5), 590–597. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq451
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imms, C., Reilly, S., Carlin, J., & Dodd, K. (2008). Diversity of participation in children with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 50(5), 363–369. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.02051.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeffries, L. M., LaForme Fiss, A., Westcott McCoy, S., Bartlett, D., Avery, L., & Hanna, S, & On Track Study Team. (2019). Developmental trajectories and reference percentiles for range of motion, endurance, and muscle strength of children with cerebral palsy. Physical Therapy, 99(3), 329–338. doi:10.1093/ptj/pzy160
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnston, T. E., Moore, S. E., Quinn, L. T., & Smith, B. T. (2004). Energy cost of walking in children with cerebral palsy: Relation to the Gross Motor Function Classification System. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 46(1), 34–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karabulut, M., Crouter, S. E., & Bassett, D. R. (2005). Comparison of two waist-mounted and two ankle-mounted electronic pedometers. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 95(4), 335–343. doi:10.1007/s00421-005-0018-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keawutan, P., Bell, K. L., Oftedal, S., Davies, P. S., Ware, R. S., & Boyd, R. N. (2017). Habitual physical activity in children with cerebral palsy aged 4 to 5 years across all functional abilities. Pediatric Physical Therapy, 29(1), 8–14. doi:10.1097/PEP.0000000000000327
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, R., Sit, C. H., Jane, J. Y., Duan, J. Z., Fan, T. C., McKenzie, T. L., & Wong, S. H. (2016). Correlates of physical activity in children and adolescents with physical disabilities: A systematic review. Preventive Medicine, 89, 184–193. doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.05.029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maher, C. A., Williams, M. T., Olds, T., & Lane, A. E. (2007). Physical and sedentary activity in adolescents with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 49(6), 450–457. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2007.00450.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maltais, D. B., Pierrynowski, M. R., Galea, V. A., & Bar-Or, O. D. E. D. (2005). Physical activity level is associated with the O2 cost of walking in cerebral palsy. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 37(3), 347–353. doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000155437.45937.82
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCoy, S. W., Bartlett, D., Smersh, M., Galuppi, B., & Hanna, S. (2018). Monitoring development of children with cerebral palsy: The on track study. protocol of a longitudinal study of development and services. Retrieved from https://www.canchild.ca/en/research-in-practice/current-studies/on-track.
   Google Scholar
• McCoy, S. W., Yocum, A., Bartlett, D. J., Mendoza, J., Jeffries, L., Chiarello, L., & Palisano, R. J. (2012). Development of the Early Activity Scale for Endurance for children with cerebral palsy. Pediatric Physical Therapy, 24(3), 232–240. doi:10.1097/PEP.0b013e31825c16f6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell, L. E., Ziviani, J., & Boyd, R. N. (2015). Habitual physical activity of independently ambulant children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: Are they doing enough?. Physical Therapy, 95(2), 202–211. doi:10.2522/ptj.20140031
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oftedal, S., Bell, K. L., Davies, P. S., Ware, R. S., & Boyd, R. N. (2014). Validation of accelerometer cut points in toddlers with and without cerebral palsy. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 46(9), 1808–1815. doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000299
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• O’Neil, M. E., Fragala-Pinkham, M. A., Forman, J. L., & Trost, S. G. (2014). Measuring reliability and validity of the ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer for children with cerebral palsy: A feasibility study. Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine, 7(3), 233–240. doi:10.3233/PRM-140292
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Palisano, R. J., Orlin, M., Chiarello, L. A., Oeffinger, D., Polansky, M., Maggs, J., … Stevenson, R. (2011). Determinants of intensity of participation in leisure and recreational activities by youth with cerebral palsy. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 92(9), 1468–1476. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2011.04.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palisano, R. J., Rosenbaum, P., Bartlett, D., & Livingston, M. H. (2008). Content validity of the expanded and revised gross motor function classification system. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 50(10), 744–750. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.2008.03089.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palisano, R., Rosenbaum, P., Walter, S., Russell, D., Wood, E., & Galuppi, B. (1997). Development and reliability of a system to classify gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 39(4), 214–223. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8749.1997.tb07414.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pirpiris, M., & Graham, H. K. (2004). Uptime in children with cerebral palsy. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics, 24(5), 521–528. doi:10.1097/01241398-200409000-00012
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rosenbaum, P. L., Walter, S. D., Hanna, S. E., Palisano, R. J., Russell, D. J., Raina, P., … Galuppi, B. E. (2002). Prognosis for gross motor function in cerebral palsy: Creation of motor development curves. JAMA, 288(11), 1357–1363. doi:10.1001/jama.288.11.1357
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tieman, B., Palisano, R. J., Gracely, E. J., & Rosenbaum, P. L. (2007). Variability in mobility of children with cerebral palsy. Pediatric Physical Therapy, 19(3), 180–187. doi:10.1097/PEP.0b013e31811ec795
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Trost, S. G., Fragala-Pinkham, M., Lennon, N., & O’Neil, M. E. (2016). Decision trees for detection of activity intensity in youth with cerebral palsy. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 48(5), 958–966. doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000842
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trost, S. G. (2007). State of the art reviews: Measurement of physical activity in children and adolescents. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 1(4), 299–314. doi:10.1177/1559827607301686
   Google Scholar
• Van Eck, M., Dallmeijer, A. J., Beckerman, H., Van Den Hoven, P. A., Voorman, J. M., & Becher, J. G. (2008). Physical activity level and related factors in adolescents with cerebral palsy. Pediatric Exercise Science, 20(1), 95–106. doi:10.1123/pes.20.1.95
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verschuren, O., Darrah, J., Novak, I., Ketelaar, M., & Wiart, L. (2014). Health-enhancing physical activity in children with cerebral palsy: More of the same is not enough. Physical Therapy, 94(2), 297–305. doi:10.2522/ptj.20130214
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zwier, J. N., van Schie, P. E., Becher, J. G., Smits, D. W., Gorter, J. W., & Dallmeijer, A. J. (2010). Physical activity in young children with cerebral palsy. Disability and Rehabilitation, 32(18), 1501–1508. doi:10.3109/09638288.2010.497017
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar