853
Views
4
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Effects of Social Norms Information and Self-Affirmation on Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Intentions and Behaviors

, , , , , & show all

References

  • Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
  • Ajzen, I., & Madden, T. J. (1986). Prediction of goal-directed behavior: Attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22, 453–474. doi:10.1016/0022-1031(86)90045-4
  • Anand, S. S., Hawkes, C., De Souza, R. J., Mente, A., Dehghan, M., Nugent, R., … Popkin, B. M. (2015). Food consumption and its impact on cardiovascular disease: Importance of solutions focused on the globalized food system: A report from the workshop convened by the World Heart Federation. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 66(14), 1590–1614. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2015.07.050
  • Armitage, C. J., Harris, P. R., & Arden, M. A. (2011). Evidence that self-affirmation reduces alcohol consumption: Randomized exploratory trial with a new, brief means of self-affirming. Health Psychology, 30(5), 633–641. doi:10.1037/a0023738
  • Balvig, F., & Holmberg, L. (2011). The ripple effect: A randomized trial of a social norms intervention in a Danish middle school setting. Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention, 12(1), 3–19. doi:10.1080/14043858.2011.561619
  • Bergen, D., & Yeh, M. C. (2006). Effects of energy-content labels and motivational posters on sales of sugar-sweetened beverages: Stimulating sales of diet drinks among adults study. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 106(11), 1866–1869. doi:10.1016/j.jada.2006.08.002
  • Block, J. P., Gillman, M. W., Linakis, S. K., & Goldman, R. E. (2013). “If it tastes good, I’m drinking it”: Qualitative study of beverage consumption among college students. Journal of Adolescent Health, 52(6), 702–706. doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.11.017
  • Brownell, K. D., Farley, T., Willett, W. C., Popkin, B. M., Chaloupka, F. J., Thompson, J. W., & Ludwig, D. S. (2009). The public health and economic benefits of taxing sugar-sweetened beverages. New England Journal of Medicine, 361(16), 1599–1605. doi:10.1056/NEJMhpr0905723
  • Cialdini, R. B., Reno, R. R., & Kallgren, C. A. (1990). A focus theory of normative conduct: Recycling the concept of norms to reduce littering in public places. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58(6), 1015–1026. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.58.6.1015
  • Crichton, G. E., Elias, M. F., & Torres, R. V. (2016). Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are associated with poorer cognitive function in individuals with Type 2 diabetes: The Maine–Syracuse Longitudinal Study. British Journal of Nutrition, 115(08), 1397–1405. doi:10.1017/S0007114516000325
  • Downes, L. (2015). Physical activity and dietary habits of college students. The Journal for Nurse Practitioners, 11(2), 192–198. doi:10.1016/j.nurpra.2014.11.015
  • Ebbeling, C. B., Feldman, H. A., Chomitz, V. R., Antonelli, T. A., Gortmaker, S. L., Osganian, S. K., & Ludwig, D. S. (2012). A randomized trial of sugar-sweetened beverages and adolescent body weight. New England Journal of Medicine, 367(15), 1407–1416. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1203388
  • Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2010). Predicting and changing behavior: The reasoned action approach. New York, NY: Psychology Press.
  • Flegal, K. M., Kruszon-Moran, D., Carroll, M. D., Fryar, C. D., & Ogden, C. L. (2016). Trends in obesity among adults in the United States, 2005 to 2014. Journal of the American Medical Association, 315(21), 2284–2291. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6458
  • Fletcher, J. M., Frisvold, D., & Tefft, N. (2010). Taxing soft drinks and restricting access to vending machines to curb child obesity. Health Affairs, 29(5), 1059–1066. doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2009.0725
  • Ha, E.-J., Caine-Bish, N., Holloman, C., & Lowry-Gordon, K. (2009). Evaluation of effectiveness of class-based nutrition intervention on changes in soft drink and milk consumption among young adults. Nutrition Journal, 8(1), 50. doi:10.1186/1475-2891-8-50
  • Han, E., & Powell, L. M. (2013). Consumption patterns of sugar-sweetened beverages in the United States. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 113(1), 43–53. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2012.09.016
  • Hansen, W. B., & Graham, J. W. (1991). Preventing alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette use among adolescents: Peer pressure resistance training versus establishing conservative norms. Preventive Medicine, 20, 414–430. doi:10.1016/0091-7435(91)90039-7
  • Harrington, S. (2008). The role of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in adolescent obesity: A review of the literature. The Journal of School Nursing, 24(1), 3–12. doi:10.1622/1059-8405(2008)024[0003:TROSBC]2.0.CO;2
  • Harris, P. R., Mayle, K., Mabbott, L., & Napper, L. (2007). Self-affirmation reduces smokers’ defensiveness to graphic on-pack cigarette warning labels. Health Psychology, 26(4), 437–446. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.26.4.437
  • Harris, P. R., & Napper, L. (2005). Self-affirmation and the biased processing of threatening health-risk information. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31(9), 1250–1263. doi:10.1177/0146167205274694
  • Heatherton, T. F., & Polivy, J. (1991). Development and validation of a scale for measuring state self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 895–910. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.60.6.895
  • Hubert, H. B., Eaker, E. D., Garrison, R. J., & Castelli, W. P. (1987). Life-style correlates of risk factor change in young adults: An eight-year study of coronary heart disease risk factors in the Framingham offspring. American Journal of Epidemiology, 125(5), 812–831.
  • Huffman, L., & West, D. S. (2007). Readiness to change sugar sweetened beverage intake among college students. Eating Behaviors, 8(1), 10–14. doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2006.04.005
  • Huth, P. J., Fulgoni, V. L., Keast, D. R., Park, K., & Auestad, N. (2013). Major food sources of calories, added sugars, and saturated fat and their contribution to essential nutrient intakes in the US diet: Data from the national health and nutrition examination survey (2003–2006). Nutrition Journal, 12(1), 116. doi:10.1186/1475-2891-12-116
  • Imamura, F., O’Connor, L., Ye, Z., Mursu, J., Hayashino, Y., Bhupathiraju, S. N., & Forouhi, N. G. (2016). Consumption of sugar sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and fruit juice and incidence of Type 2 diabetes: Systematic review, meta-analysis, and estimation of population attributable fraction. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 50(8), 496–504. doi:10.1136/bmj.h3576
  • Kit, B. K., Fakhouri, T. H., Park, S., Nielsen, S. J., & Ogden, C. L. (2013). Trends in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among youth and adults in the United States: 1999–2010. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 98(1), 180–188. doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.057943
  • Kline, R. B. (2015). The mediation myth. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 37, 202–213.
  • Lally, P., Bartle, N., & Wardle, J. (2011). Social norms and diet in adolescents. Appetite, 57(3), 623–627. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.07.015
  • Mahler, H. I. M., Kulik, J. A., Butler, H. A., Gerrard, M., & Gibbons, F. X. (2008). Social norms information enhances the efficacy of an appearance-based sun protection intervention. Social Science & Medicine, 67(2), 321–329. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.03.037
  • Mahler, H. I. M., Kulik, J. A., Gibbons, F. X., Gerrard, M., & Harrell, J. (2003). Effects of appearance-based intervention on sun protection intentions and self-reported behaviors. Health Psychology, 22(2), 199–209. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.22.2.199
  • Malik, V. S., Schulze, M. B., & Hu, F. B. (2006). Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: A systematic review. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 84(2), 274–288.
  • Mattern, J. L., & Neighbors, C. (2004). Social norms campaigns: Examining the relationship between changes in perceived norms and changes in drinking levels. Journal of Studies in Alcohol, 65, 489–493. doi:10.15288/jsa.2004.65.489
  • Miller, D. T., & McFarland, C. (1991). When social comparison goes awry: The case of pluralistic ignorance. In J. Suls & T. Wills (Eds.), Social comparison: Contemporary theory and research (pp. 287–313). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • Napper, L., Harris, P. R., & Epton, T. (2009). Developing and testing a self-affirmation manipulation. Self and Identity, 8, 45–62. doi:10.1080/15298860802079786
  • Neighbors, C., Larimer, M. E., & Lewis, M. A. (2004). Targeting misperceptions of descriptive drinking norms: Efficacy of a computer-delivered personalized normative feedback intervention. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72(3), 434–447. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.72.3.434
  • Ogden, C. L., Carroll, M. D., Lawman, H. G., Fryar, C. D., Kruszon-Moran, D., Kit, B. K., & Flegal, K. M. (2016). Trends in obesity prevalence among children and adolescents in the United States, 1988–1994 through 2013–2014. Journal of the American Medical Association, 315(21), 2292–2299. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6361
  • Perkins, H. W., & Berkowitz, A. D. (1986). Perceiving the community norms of alcohol use among students: Some research implications for campus alcohol education programming. International Journal of the Addictions, 21, 961–976. doi:10.3109/10826088609077249
  • Perkins, J. M., Perkins, H. W., & Craig, D. W. (2010). Misperceptions of peer norms as a risk factor for sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among secondary school students. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 110(12), 1916–1921. doi:10.1016/j.jada.2010.09.008
  • Popkin, B. M., & Nielsen, S. J. (2003). The sweetening of the world’s diet. Obesity Research, 11(11), 1325–1332. doi:10.1038/oby.2003.179
  • Prochaska, J. O., & DiClemente, C. C. (1986). Toward a comprehensive model of change. In W. R. Miller & N. Heather (Eds.), Treating addictive behavior (pp. 3–27). Orlando, FL: Plenum Press.
  • Reed, M. B., & Aspinwall, L. G. (1998). Self-affirmation reduces biased processing of health-risk information. Motivation and Emotion, 22(2), 99–132. doi:10.1023/A:1021463221281
  • Reid, A. E., & Aiken, L. S. (2013). Correcting injunctive norm misperceptions motivates behavior change: A randomized controlled sun protection intervention. Health Psychology, 32, 551–560. doi:10.1037/a0028140
  • Ritenbaugh, C., Teufel-Shone, N. I., Aickin, M. G., Joe, J. R., Poirier, S., Dillingham, D. C., … Cockerham, D. (2003). A lifestyle intervention improves plasma insulin levels among Native American high school youth. Preventive Medicine, 36(3), 309–319. doi:10.1016/S0091-7435(02)00015-4
  • Robinson, E., Thomas, J., Aveyard, P., & Higgs, S. (2014). What everyone else is eating: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of informational eating norms on eating behavior. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 114(3), 414–429. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2013.11.009
  • Schroeder, C. M., & Prentice, D. A. (1998). Exploring pluralistic ignorance to reduce alcohol use among college students. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, 2150–2180. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01365.x
  • Sherman, D. K., & Cohen, G. L. (2006). The psychology of self-defense: Self-affirmation theory. In M. P. Zanna & M. P. Zanna (Eds.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 38, pp. 183–242). San Diego, CA: Elsevier Academic.
  • Sherman, D. K., Nelson, L. D., & Steele, C. M. (2000). Do messages about health risks threaten the self? Increasing the acceptance of threatening health messages via self-affirmation. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(9), 1046–1058. doi:10.1177/01461672002611003
  • Sichieri, R., Paula Trotte, A., de Souza, R. A., & Veiga, G. V. (2009). School randomized trial on prevention of excessive weight gain by discouraging students from drinking sodas. Public Health Nutrition, 12, 197–202. doi:10.1017/S1368980008002644
  • Steele, C. M. (1988). The psychology of self-affirmation: Sustaining the integrity of the self. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 21, pp. 261–302). New York: Academic Press.
  • Taber, D. R., Chriqui, J. F., Powell, L. M., & Chaloupka, F. J. (2012). Banning all sugar-sweetened beverages in middle schools: Reduction of in-school access and purchasing but not overall consumption. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 166(3), 256–262. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.200
  • Tate, C. U. (2015). On the overuse and misuse of mediation analysis: It may be a matter of timing. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 37, 235–246. doi:10.1080/01973533.2015.1062380
  • Trafimow, D. (2014). Editorial. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 36, 1–2. doi:10.1080/01973533.2014.865505
  • West, D. S., Bursac, Z., Quimby, D., Prewitt, T. E., Spatz, T., Nash, C., … Eddings, K. (2006). Self-reported sugar-sweetened beverage intake among college students. Obesity, 14(10), 1825–1831. doi:10.1038/oby.2006.210
  • Yang, C.-C., & Chiou, W.-B. (2010). Substitution of healthy for unhealthy beverages among college students. A health-concerns and behavioral-economics perspective. Appetite, 54(3), 512–516. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2010.02.004
  • Ye, X., Gao, X., Scott, T., & Tucker, K. L. (2011). Habitual sugar intake and cognitive function among middle-aged and older Puerto Ricans without diabetes. British Journal of Nutrition, 106, 1423–1432. doi:10.1017/S0007114511001760

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.