Normative media theory in the digital media landscape: from media ethics to ethical communication

References

• Ang, I. 1998. “The Performance of the Sponge: Mass Communication Theory Enters the Post-Modern World.” In The Media in Question: Popular Cultures and Public Interests, edited by K. Brants, J. Hermes and L. van Zoonen, 77–88. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Bardoel, J., and K. Brants. 2003. “Public Broadcasters and Social Responsibility in the Netherlands.” In Broadcasting and Convergence: New Articulations of the Public Service Remit, edited by G. F. Lowe and T. Hujanen, 167–186. Göteborg: Nordicom.
   Google Scholar
• Blankenberg, N. 1999. “In Search of Real Freedom: Ubuntu and the Media.” Critical Arts 13 (2): 42–65. doi: 10.1080/02560049985310121
   Google Scholar
• Braman, S. 2002. “A Pandemonic Age: The Future of International Communication Theory and Research.” In Handbook of International and Intercultural Communication, edited by W. B. Gudykunst and B. Mody, 399–413. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Brants, K. 1998. “With the Benefit of Hindsight: Old Nightmares and New Dreams.” In The Media in Question: Popular Cultures and Public Interests, edited by K. Brants, J. Hermes and L. van Zoonen, 169–179. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Button, A. 2016. “What Are Key Principles of Ethical Communication?” http://www.ehow.com/info_8406730_key-principles-ethical-communication.html (accessed September 7, 2016).
   Google Scholar
• Carey, J. W. 2009. Communication as Culture. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Christians, C., and M. Traber, eds. 1997. Communication Ethics and Universal Values. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Couldry, N. 2012. Media Society World: Social Theory and Digital Media Practice. Cambridge: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Curran, J., and M-J. Park. 2000. De-Westernizing Media-Studies. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Dervin, B. 1991. “Comparative Theory Reconceptualised: From Entities and States to Processes and Dynamics.” Communication Theory 1 (1): 59–69. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2885.1991.tb00005.x
   Google Scholar
• Dethier, H. 1993. Het Gesicht in het Raadsel. Profielen van Plato tot Derrida. Grote Stromingen in de Wijsbegeerte van de Oudheid tot Hede. Brussels: VUB Press.
   Google Scholar
• Dirlik, A. 2002. “Reversals, Ironies, Hegemonies: Notes on the Contemporary Historiography of Modern China.” In History After the Three Worlds: Post-Eurocentric Historiographies, edited by A. Dirlik, V. Bahl and P. Gran. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.
   Google Scholar
• Dodge, M., and R. Kitchen. 2000. Mapping Cyberspace. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Downing, J. 1996. Internationalising Media Theory. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Fourie, P. J. 2005. “Towards Linking Normative Theory, Communication Policy and Audiences in South African Communication Research.” Communicatio 31 (1): 13–33. doi: 10.1080/02500160508538009
   Google Scholar
• Fourie, P. J. 2007. “Moral Philosophy as the Foundation of Normative Media Theory: The Case of African Ubuntuism.” Communications: European Journal of Communication Research 32 (1): 1–29. doi: 10.1515/COMMUN.2007.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fourie, P. J. 2010. “An Examination of the Value of the Concept of the Semiosphere in the Study of Mass Communication.” Razon y Palabra, Semiotica Y Communicologia: Historias y propuestas de una Mirada. Nŭmero 72 May-July 2010 (Special Edition: Semiotics of Communication) 2010: 1–23. http://www.razonypalabra.org.mx (accessed May 10, 2010).
   Google Scholar
• Fourie, P. J. 2013. “The Rise and Fall of Public Service Broadcasting in South Africa: A Motivation for a New Broadcasting Model (Television).” Communitas: Journal for Community Communication and Information Impact 18 (1): 1–21.
   Google Scholar
• Fourie, P. J. 2015. “Die Media se ‘Beeld’ van die Samelewing: ʼn Semiologiese Perspektief (The Media’s “Image” of Society: A Semiotic Perspective).” Tydskrif vir Geesteswetenskappe 55 (4): 570–583. doi: 10.17159/2224-7912/2015/v55n4a5
   Google Scholar
• Fourie, P. J. 2017. “Social Media and Mediated Communication in Postmodern Society.” In Media Studies Volume 4: Social (New) Media and Mediated Communication Today, edited by P. J. Fourie. Cape Town: Juta.
   Google Scholar
• Gunaratne, S. A. 2002. “Theory of Communication Outlets and Free Expression. A Humanocentric Exploration.” Paper presented at the 2002 Conference of the International Association of Media and Communication Research, Barcelona, July 22–26. http://www.Portalcommunication.com/bcn2002/N_eng/programme/prog_ind/article/g/pdf/go14_gunar.pdf (accessed June 28, 2006).
   Google Scholar
• Hardt, M., and A. Negri. 2012. Declaration. New York: Argo-Navis.
   Google Scholar
• Hartley, J. 1999. Uses of Television. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Hartley, J. 2000. “Communicational Democracy in a Redactional Society: The Future of Journalism Studies.” Journalism: Theory, Practice, Criticism 1 (1): 39–47. doi: 10.1177/146488490000100107
   Google Scholar
• Hepp, A. 2014. “Communicative Figurations: Researching Cultures of Mediatization.” In Media Practice and Everyday Agency in Europe, edited by L. Kramp, N. Carpentier, A. Hepp, I. Tomanić, H. Nieminen, R. Kunelius, T. Olsson, E. Sundin and R. Kilborn, 83–100. Bremen: University of Bremen.
   Google Scholar
• Hjarvard, S. 2014. “From Mediation to Mediatization: The Institutionalization of New Media.” In Mediatized Worlds: Culture and Society in a Media Age, edited by A. Hepp and F. Krotz, 123–139. Basingstoke: Palgrave.
   Google Scholar
• Hyde-Clarke, N., ed. 2011. Communication and Media Ethics. Cape Town: Juta.
   Google Scholar
• Jacka, E. 2003. “Democracy as Defeat. The Impotence of Arguments for Public Service Broadcasting.” Television and New Media 4 (2): 177–191. doi: 10.1177/1527476402250675
   Google Scholar
• Kramp, L. 2015. “The Rumbling Years. The Communicative Figurations Approach as a Heuristic Concept to Study – and Shape – The Transformation of Journalism.” In Journalism, Representation and the Public Sphere, edited by L. Kramp, N. Carpentier, A. Hepp, I. Tomanić, H. Nieminen, R. Kunelius, T. Olsson, E. Sundin and R. Kilborn, 23–56. Bremen: University of Bremen.
   Google Scholar
• Krippendorf, K. 1993. “Conversation or Intellectual Imperialism in Comparing Communication (Theories).” Communication Theory 3 (3): 252–266. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2885.1993.tb00073.x
   Google Scholar
• Krotz, F. 2009. “Mediatization: A Concept with Which to Grasp Media and Societal Change.” In Mediatization: Concept, Change, Consequences, edited by K. Lundby, 21–40. New York: Peter Lang.
   Google Scholar
• Lovink, G. 2002. “The Network Society and Its Reality Romantics. Review of Hubert L. Dreyfus’ On the Internet.” http://amsterdam.nettime.org/List-Archives/nettime-1-0204/msg00197.html (accessed February 9, 2005).
   Google Scholar
• Lovink, G. 2005. The Principle of Networking. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lovink, G. 2011. Networks Without a Cause: A Critique of Social Media. Malden: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lovink, G. 2012. “What Is the Social in Social Media?” E-flux Journal 40: 1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Lundby, K. 2014. “Mediatization of Communication.” In Mediatization of Communication, edited by K. Lundby, 3–39. Berlin: De Gruyter.
   Google Scholar
• Lundby, K., ed. 2014. Mediatization of Communication. Berlin: De Gruyter.
   Google Scholar
• Marshall, T., and T. Bottomore, eds. 1992. Citizenship and Social Class. London: Pluto Press.
   Google Scholar
• McBride, K., and T. Rosenstiel, eds. 2014. The New Ethics of Journalism. Thousand Oaks: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• McQuail, D. 1992. Media Performance. Mass Communication and the Public Interest. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• McQuail, D. 1995. “Mass Communication and the Public Interest: Towards Social Theory for Media Structure and Performance.” In Communication Theory Today, edited by D. Crowley and D. Mitchell. Cambridge: Polity Press.
   Google Scholar
• McQuail, D. 2000. McQuail’s Mass Communication Theory. Fourth edition. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Milton, V., and W. Mano. 2017. “Identity 2.0: Negotiating Identity and the Politics of Belonging in Cyberspace.” In Media Studies Volume 4: Social (New) Media and Mediated Communication Today, edited by P. J. Fourie. Cape Town: Juta.
   Google Scholar
• NCA (National Communication Association). 2016. https://www.natcom.org/; https://www.natcom.org/uploadedFiles/About_NCA/Leadership_and_Governance/Public_Policy_Platform/PDF-PolicyPlatform-NCA_Credo_for_Ethical_Communication.pdf and http://www.natcom.org/ethicalstatements/; http://ethicaljournalismnetwork.org/en/contents/5-principles-of-journalism (accessed October 12, 2016).
   Google Scholar
• Oosthuizen, L. 2013. Media Ethics in the South African Context. Cape Town: Juta.
   Google Scholar
• Peterson, C., and M. E. P. Seligman. 2004. Character Strengths and Virtues: A Handbook and Classification. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Phillips, A., N. Couldry, and D. Freedman. 2010. “An Ethical Deficit? Accountability, Norms and the Material Conditions of Contemporary Journalism.” In New Media, Old News: Journalism and Democracy in the Digital Age, edited by N. Fenton, 51–67. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Reid, J. 2016. “Social Media: Freedom of Expression, Media Regulation and Policy.” In Media Studies Volume 4: Social (New) Media and Mediated Communication Today, edited by P. J. Fourie. Cape Town: Juta.
   Google Scholar
• Shutte, A. 2001. Ubuntu: An Ethic for a New South Africa. Pietermaritzburg: Cluster.
   Google Scholar
• Siebert, F. S, T. B. Peterson, and W. Schramm. 1956. Four Theories of the Press. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
   Google Scholar
• Snyman, P. G. 1971. Pers en Leser. ‘n Prinsipiële Voorstudie tot die Persetiek. Potchefstroom: Pro Rege-Pers.
   Google Scholar
• Steemers, J. 2003. “Changing Channels: The Redefinition of Public Service Broadcasting for the Digital Age.” http://www.essex.ac.uk/ecpr/jointsessions/Manpapers/w24/steemers.pdf (accessed April 3, 2003).
   Google Scholar
• Tehranian, M. 1991. “Is Comparative Communication Theory Possible/Desirable?” Communication Theory 1 (1): 44–59. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2885.1991.tb00004.x
   Google Scholar
• Van Dijck, J. 2013. The Culture of Connectivity: A Critical History of Social Media. New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Wang, G., and V. Shen. 2000. “East, West, Communication and Theory: Searching for the Meaning of Searching for Asian Communication Theories.” Asian Journal of Communication 10 (2): 14–32. doi: 10.1080/01292980009364782
   Google Scholar
• Ward, S. 2005. “Philosophical Foundations for Global Journalism Ethics.” Journal of Mass Media Ethics 20 (1): 3–21. doi: 10.1207/s15327728jmme2001_2
   Google Scholar
• Wasserman, H. 2016. “The Ethics of Social Media in South African Journalism.” In Media Studies Volume 4: Social (New) Media and Mediated Communication Today, edited by J. P. Fourie. Cape Town: Juta.
   Google Scholar
• Wasserman, H., and A. S. de Beer. 2004. “Covering HIV/AIDS. Towards a Heuristic Comparison Between Communitarian and Utilitarian Ethics.” Communicatio 30 (2): 84–98. doi: 10.1080/02500160408537997
   Google Scholar
• Wilcox, H. N. 2015. “Book Review: The Culture of Connectivity: A Critical History of Social Media, by J. van Dijck.” The Information Society 31: 414–415. doi: 10.1080/01972243.2015.1041848
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winfield, B. H., T. Mizuno, and C. E. Beaudoin. 2000. “Confucianism, Collectivism and Constitutions: Press Systems in China and Japan.” Communication Law and Policy 5 (3): 323–347. doi: 10.1207/S15326926CLP0503_2
   Google Scholar