References
- Africa Check. 2016. “Guide: Rape Statistics in South Africa.” Accessed July 24, 2021. https://africacheck.org/fact-checks/guides/guide-rape-statistics-south-africa
- Ahmed, S. 2004. “Affective Economies.” Social Text 79 (2): 117–139. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1215/01642472-22-2_79-117
- Anderson, B. 1983. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso.
- Babbie, E. 2016. The Practice of Social Research. 14th ed. Belmont: Cengage Learning.
- Baderoon, G. 2014. “Hidden Geographies of the Cape: Shifting Representations of Slavery and Sexuality in South African Art and Fiction.” In Sex, Power and Slavery, edited by G. Campbell and E. Osborne, 417–432. Athens: Ohio University Press.
- Bank, L. 2011. Home Spaces, Street Styles: Contesting Power and Identity in a South African City. London: Pluto Press.
- Barber, K. 1987. “Popular Arts in Africa.” African Studies Review 30 (3): 1–78. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/524538
- Berger, G. 2005. “Remarks at Mondi Shanduka Newspaper Journalism Awards.” Accessed December 7, 2017. http://guyberger.ru.ac.za/guyhistory3.htm
- Berrington, E., and P. Honkatukia. 2002. “An Evil Monster and a Poor Thing: Female Violence in the Media.” Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention 3 (1): 50–72. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/140438502762467209
- Boshoff, P. 2017. “Crime and Punishment Mzansi Style: An Exploration of the Discursive Production of Criminality and Popular Justice in South Africa’s Daily Sun.” PhD diss., Rhodes University.
- Boshoff, P., and J. Prinsloo. 2015. “Expurgating the Monstrous.” Feminist Media Studies 15 (2): 208–222. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2014.903286
- Buur, L. 2008. “Democracy and Its Discontents: Vigilantism, Sovereignty and Human Rights in South Africa.” Review of African Political Economy 35 (118): 571–584. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/03056240802569250
- Carey, J. 1989. Communication as Culture. Essay on Media and Society. New York: Routledge.
- Connell, R. W. 1987. Gender and Power: Society, the Person and Sexual Politics. Cambridge: Polity Press.
- Connell, R. W. 1995. Masculinities. Cambridge: Polity Press.
- Connell, R. W. 2009. Gender. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Polity Press.
- De Kock, C., A. Kriegler, and M. Shaw. 2015. A Citizen’s Guide to SAPS Crime Statistics: 1994 to 2015. Cape Town: Centre for Criminology, UCT.
- Dewa, N., and J. Prinsloo. 2012. “‘I am a man!’ The Daily Sun Campaign and Gender Violence.” Ecquid Novi: African Journalism Studies 33 (2): 20–35. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02560054.2012.685178
- Dolby, N. 2006. “Popular Culture and Public Sphere in Africa: The Possibilities of Cultural Citizenship.” African Studies Review 49 (3): 31–47. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1353/arw.2007.0024
- Durkheim, E. 1912. Les formes élémentaire de la vie religieuse [The Elementary Forms of Religious Life], translated by K. E. Fields; 1995. New York: The Free Press.
- Ellis, E. 2020. “Gender-Based Violence Is South Africa’s Second Pandemic, Says Ramaphosa.” Daily Maverick, June 18. Accessed August 12, 2021. https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2020-06-18-gender-based-violence-is-south-africas-second-pandemic-says-ramaphosa/
- Fiske, J. 1987. Television Culture. London: Routledge.
- Foucault, M. 1977. Discipline and Punish. London: Allen Lane/Penguin.
- Fredericksen, B. F. 2000. “Popular Culture, Gender Relations and the Democratisation of Everyday Life in Kenya.” Journal of Southern African Studies 26 (2): 209–222. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/03057070050010075
- Gee, J. 2002. “Learning in Semiotic Domains: A Social and Situated Account.” In The 51st Yearbook of the National Reading Conference, edited by D. Schallert, C. Fairbanks, J. Worthy, B. Maloch and J. Hoffman, 23–32. Oak Creek: National Reading Conference.
- Glenn, I., and A. Knaggs. 2008. “Field Theory and Tabloids.” In Power, Politics and Identity in South African Media, edited by A. Hadland, E. Louw, S. Sesanti and H. Wasserman, 104–123. Cape Town: HSRC Press.
- Gqola, P. 2015. Rape: A South African Nightmare. Johannesburg: MF Books.
- Gqola, P. 2021. The Female Fear Factory. Abuja: Cassava Republic Press.
- Hall, S. 1975. “Introduction.” In Paper Voices: The Popular Press and Social Change, 1935–1965, edited by A. Smith, E. Immirzi and T. Blackwell, 11–24. London: Chatto and Windus.
- Hall, S. 2013. “The Work of Representation.” In Representation, edited by S. Hall, J. Evans and S. Nixon, 1–47. 2nd ed. London: Sage.
- Harber, A. 2011. Diepsloot. Cape Town: Jonathan Ball.
- Hunter, M. 2010. Love in the Time of AIDS. Inequality, Gender and Rights in South Africa. Scottsville: University of KwaZulu-Natal Press.
- Janks, H. 1997. “Critical Discourse Analysis as a Research Tool.” Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education 18 (3): 329–342. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/0159630970180302
- Kaplan, E. 1992. Motherhood and Representation: The Mother in Popular Culture and Melodrama. Abingdon: Routledge.
- Kriegler, A., and M. Shaw. 2016. A Citizen’s Guide to Crime Trends in South Africa. Cape Town: Jonathan Ball.
- Laden, S. 2003. “Who’s Afraid of a Black Bourgeoisie?: Consumer Magazines for Black South Africans as an Apparatus of Change.” Journal of Consumer Culture 3 (2): 191–216. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/14695405030032003
- Leclerc-Madlala, S. 2003. “Transactional Sex and the Pursuit of Modernity.” Social Dynamics 29 (2): 213–233. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02533950308628681
- Ligaga, D. 2014. “Mapping Emerging Constructions of Good Time Girls in Kenyan Popular Media.” Journal of African Cultural Studies 26 (3): 249–261. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/13696815.2014.927324
- Manicom, L. 2005. “Constituting ‘Women’ as Citizens: Ambiguities in the Making of Gendered Political Subjects in Post-apartheid South Africa.” In (Un)Thinking Citizenship: Feminist Debates in Contemporary South Africa, edited by A. Gouws, 21–52. Cape Town: University of Cape Town Press.
- Morrell, R., R. Jewkes, G. Lindegger, and V. Hamlall. 2013. “Hegemonic Masculinity: Reviewing the Gendered Analysis of Men’s Power in South Africa.” South African Review of Sociology 44 (1): 3–21. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/21528586.2013.784445
- Ouzgane, L., and R. Morrell, eds. 2005. African Masculinities: Men in Africa from the Late Nineteenth Century to the Present. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403979605
- Pollock, J., and S. Davis. 2005. “The Continuing Myth of the Violent Female Offender.” Criminal Justice Review 30 (1): 5–29. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0734016805275378
- Posel, D. 2004. “‘Getting the Nation to Talk about Sex’: Reflections on the Discursive Constitution of Sexuality in South Africa since 1994.” Agenda 18 (62): 53–63.
- Prinsloo, J. 2009. “Textual Analysis: Narrative and Argument.” In Media Studies: Media Content and Media Audiences, edited by P. Fourie, 204–253. Vol. 3. Cape Town: Juta.
- Propp, V. 1968. Morphology of the Folktale, translated by L. Scott. 2nd ed. Austin: University of Texas Press.
- Ratele, K. 2013. “Subordinate Black South African Men without Fear.” Cahiers d’Études africaines 209–210: 247–268. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4000/etudesafricaines.17320
- Richardson, J. 2007. Analysing Newspapers. An Approach from Critical Discourse Analysis. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-20968-8_7
- SA (South Africa). 1996. “Constitution of the Republic of South Africa.” https://www.gov.za/documents/constitution-republic-south-africa-1996
- SAARF (South African Audience Research Foundation). 2011. “Average Issue Readership of Newspapers and Magazines.” Accessed July 26, 2021. http://www.saarf.co.za/amps-readership/2011/AMPS%20JUN%2011-%20SUMMARY-with%20non%20pay-A.pdf
- Sanger, N. 2009. “New Women, Old Messages? Constructions of Femininities, Race and Hypersexualised Bodies in Selected South African Magazines, 2003–2006.” Social Dynamics 35 (1): 137–148. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02533950802667301
- SAPS (South African Police Service). 2020. “Crime Statistics.” Accessed July 24, 2021. https://www.saps.gov.za/services/april_to_march_2019_20_presentation.pdf
- Scharf, W., and D. Nina, eds. 2001. The Other Law: Non-state Ordering in South Africa. Cape Town: Juta.
- Smith, J., and R. Adendorff. 2014. “Forward with the People: A Linguistic Analysis of the Imagined Community in Letters to the Daily Sun.” Journal of African Media Studies 6 (2): 199–212. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1386/jams.6.2.199_1
- Steenveld, L., and L. Strelitz. 2010. “Trash or Popular Journalism? The Case of South Africa’s Daily Sun.” Journalism 11 (5): 532–547. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884910373534
- Vincent, L. 2008. “Women’s Rights Get a Dressing Down: Mini Skirt Attacks in South Africa.” International Journal of the Humanities 6 (6): 11–18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18848/1447-9508/CGP/v06i06/42462
- Walker, C. 2013. “Uneasy Relations: Women, Gender Equality and Tradition.” Thesis Eleven 115 (1): 77–94. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0725513612470535
- Wasserman, H. 2010. Tabloid Journalism in South Africa. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.