Overland tourists’ natural soundscape perceptions: influences on experience, satisfaction, and electronic word-of-mouth

References

• Abubakar, B., & Mavondo, F. (2014). Tourism destinations: Antecedents to customer satisfaction and positive word-of-mouth. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 23(8), 833–864. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2013.796865
   Google Scholar
• Agapito, D., Pinto, P., & Mendes, J. (2017). Tourists’ memories, sensory impressions and loyalty: In loco and post-visit study in Southwest Portugal. Tourism Management, 58, 108–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.10.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agyeiwaah, E., Adongo, R., Dimache, A., & Wondirad, A. (2016). Make a customer, not a sale: Tourist satisfaction in Hong Kong. Tourism Management, 57, 68–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.05.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Agyeiwaah, E., Otoo, F. E., Suntikul, W., & Huang, W. J. (2019). Understanding culinary tourist motivation, experience, satisfaction, and loyalty using a structural approach. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 36(3), 295–313. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2018.1541775
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aili, L., Clark, H., Min, L., Zhiyong, D., & Changyong, Y. (2013). Soundscape and its application in research of tourism geography: A new perspectice. Geographical Research, 32(6), 1132–1142. https://doi.org/10.11821/yj2013060017
   Google Scholar
• Aletta, F., & Xiao, J. (2018). What are the current priorities and challenges for (urban) soundscape research? Challenges, 9(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/challe9010016
   Google Scholar
• Almohaimmeed, B. (2020). The impacts of brand experiences on customer satisfaction and electronic word of mouth. Business: Theory and Practice, 21(2), 695–703. https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2020.11965
   Google Scholar
• Andersson, T. D. (2007). The tourist in the experience economy. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 7(1), 46–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250701224035
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arndt, J. (1967). Word-of-mouth advertising and informal communication. In D. F. Cox (Ed.), Risk taking and information handling in consumer behavior (pp. 188–239). Harvard Business School Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bentler, P. M., & Chou, C.-P. (1987). Practical issues in structural modeling. Sociological Methods and Research, 16(1), 78–117. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124187016001004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bild, E., Pfeffer, K., Coler, M., Rubin, O., & Bertolini, L. (2018). Public space users’ soundscape evaluation in relation to their activities: An Amsterdam-based study. Frontiers in Pyschology, 9, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01593
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Briassoulis, H. (2002). Sustainable tourism and the question of the commons. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(4), 1065–1085. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(02)00021-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cain, R., Jennings, P., Adams, M., Bruce, N., Carlyle, A., Cusack, P., Davies, W., Hume, K., & Plack, C. (2008, June 29–July 4). Sound-scape: A framework for characterising urban soundscapes [Paper presentation]. EuroNoise, Paris, France.
   Google Scholar
• Cantallops, A., & Salvi, F. (2014). New consumer behaviour: A review of research on eWOM and hotels. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 36, 41–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.08.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cater, C. I. (2017). Tourism on two wheels: Patterns of motorcycle leisure in Wales. Tourism Management, 61, 180–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.02.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandralal, L., Rindfleish, J., & Valenzuela, F. (2015). An application of travel blog narratives to explore memorable tourism experiences. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 20(6), 680–693. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2014.925944
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chandralal, L., & Valenzuela, F. R. (2015). Memorable tourism experiences: Scale development. Contemporary Management Research, 11(3), 291–310. https://doi.org/10.7903/cmr.13822
   Google Scholar
• Chen, H., & Rahman, I. (2018). Cultural tourism: An analysis of engagement, cultural contact, memorable tourism experience and destination loyalty. Tourism Management Perspectives, 26, 153–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2017.10.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chon, K. S. (1989). Understanding recreational traveler's motivation, attitude and satisfaction. The Tourist Review, 44(1), 3–7. https://doi.org/10.1108/eb058009
   Google Scholar
• Conti, E., Vesci, M., Castellani, P., & Rossato, C. (2020). The role of the museumscape on positive word of mouth: Examining Italian museums. The TQM Journal. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-12-2019-0306.
   Google Scholar
• Craig, A., Moore, D., & Knox, D. (2017). Experience sampling: Assessing urban soundscapes using in-situ participatory methods. Applied Acoustics, 117(B), 227–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2016.05.026
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolnicar, S., Coltman, T., & Sharma, R. (2015). Do satisfied tourists really intend to come back? Three concerns with empirical studies of the link between satisfaction and behavioral intention. Journal of Travel Research, 54(2), 152–178. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287513513167
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duffy, M., Waitt, G., Gorman-Murray, A., & Gibson, C. (2011). Bodily rhythms: Corporeal capacities to engage with festival spaces. Emotion, Space and Society, 4(1), 17–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emospa.2010.03.004
   Google Scholar
• Edensor, T. (2000). Staging tourism: Tourists as performers. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(2), 322–344. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(99)00082-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falk, R. F., & Miller, N. B. (1992). A primer for soft modeling. University of Akron Press.
   Google Scholar
• Filipan, K., Boes, M., De Coensel, B., Lavandier, C., Delaitre, P., Domitrovic, H., & Botteldooren, D. (2016). The personal viewpoint on the meaning of tranquility affects the appraisal of the urban park soundscape. Applied Sciences, 7(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/app7010091
   Google Scholar
• Fine, M., Gironda, J., & Petrescu, M. (2017). Prosumer motivations for electronic word-of-mouth communication behaviors. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 8(2), 280–295. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-09-2016-0048
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frash Jr, R. E., & Blose, J. E. (2019). Serious leisure as a predictor of travel intentions and flow in motorcycle tourism. Tourism Recreation Research, 44(4), 516–531. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2019.1626118
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frash Jr, R. E., Blose, J. E., Smith, W. W., & Scherhag, K. (2018). A multidisciplinary marketing profile of motorcycle tourists: explorers escaping routine to find flow on scenic routes. Tourism Recreation Research, 43(4), 432–444. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2018.1492767
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gelinas, L., Pierce, R., Winkler, S., Cohen, I. G., Lynch, H. F., & Bierer, B. E. (2017). Using social media as a research recruitment tool: Ethical issues and recommendations. The American Journal of Bioethics, 17(3), 3–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2016.1276644
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibbons, B., & Pritchard-Jones, S. (2014). Africa overland. Bradt Travel Guides.
   Google Scholar
• Gibson, C., & Connell, J. (2005). Music and tourism: On the road again. Channel View Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Granö, J. G. (1929). Reine Geographie: eine methodologische Studie: beleuchtet mit Beispielen aus Finnland und Estland. Turum Yliopisto.
   Google Scholar
• Grappi, S., & Montanari, F. (2011). The role of social identification and hedonism in affecting tourist re-patronizing behaviours: The case of an Italian festival. Tourism Management, 32(5), 1128–1140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.10.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2016). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, L. (2013). ‘My wanderlust is not yet appeased’: Ellis Bankin and motorcycle touring in 1930s Australia. Studies in Travel Writing, 17(4), 368–383. https://doi.org/10.1080/13645145.2013.857134
   Google Scholar
• Han, X., Liu, A., & Liu, M. (2017). Noise perception and its effects on tourists’ satisfaction: A case study of Nanluoguxiang Lane in Beijing. INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings, 11, 136–146.
   Google Scholar
• Hardy, A., & Gretzel, U. (2011). Why we travel this way: An exploration into the motivations of recreational vehicle users. In B. Prideaux & D. Carson (Eds.), Drive tourism: Trends and emerging markets (pp. 194–209). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• He, M., Li, J., Li, J., & Chen, H. (2019). A comparative study on the effect of soundscape and landscape on tourism experience. International Journal of Tourism Research, 21(1), 11–22. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.2237
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henseler, J., Hubona, G., & Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: Updated guidelines. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 116(1), 2–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-09-2015-0382
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herranz-Pascual, K., Aspuru, I., & Garcia, I. (2010, June 13–16). Proposed conceptual model of environmental experience as framework to study the soundscape [Paper presentation]. Internoise: Noise and Sustainability, Lisbon, Portugal.
   Google Scholar
• Holland, J., & Leslie, D. (2018). Tour operators and operations: Development, management and responsibility. CABI.
   Google Scholar
• Hollebeek, L. D. (2011). Demystifying customer brand engagement: Exploring the loyalty nexus. Journal of Marketing Management, 27(7-8), 785–807. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2010.500132
   Google Scholar
• Hong, J. Y., & Jeon, J. Y. (2015). Influence of urban contexts on soundscape perceptions: A structural equation modeling approach. Landscape and Urban Planning, 141, 78–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2015.05.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, M., Zhang, Y., Zhang, H., Lu, Y., Zuo, L., Zhuang, M., Liu, W., Zhang, J., & Zhang, H. (2020). How do Chinese tourists perceive tranquillity during the tour? Tourism Management Perspectives. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100666
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, N., Liu, L., & Sambamurthy, V. (2011). Fraud detection in online consumer reviews. Decision Support Systems, 50(3), 614–626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2010.08.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, S., & Gross, M. J. (2010). Australia's destination image among mainland Chinese travelers: An exploratory study. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 27(1), 63–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548400903534923
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Instagram. (2020). https://about.instagram.com/about-us
   Google Scholar
• ISO 12913-1. (2014). Acoustics. Soundscape part 1: Definition and conceptual framework. International Organisation for Standardisation.
   Google Scholar
• Jennings, P., & Cain, R. (2013). A framework for improving urban soundscapes. Applied Acoustics, 74(2), 293–299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2011.12.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen, Ø, Li, Y., & Uysal, M. (2017). Visitors’ satisfaction at managed tourist attractions in Northern Norway: Do on-site factors matter? Tourism Management, 63, 277–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.06.025
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeon, J. Y., & Jo, H. I. (2020). Effects of audio-visual interactions on soundscape and landscape perception and their influence on satisfaction with the urban environment. Building and Environment, 169, 106544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106544
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, J., Zhang, J., Zhang, H., & Yan, B. (2018). Natural soundscapes and tourist loyalty to nature-based tourism destinations: The mediating effect of tourist satisfaction. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 35(2), 218–230. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2017.1351415
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, J., Zhang, J., Zheng, C., Zhang, H., & Zhang, H. (2020). Natural soundscapes in nature-based tourism: Leisure participation and perceived constraints. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(4), 485–499. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2018.1540559
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, A. K., & Brown, G. (2012). Understanding the relationships between perceived travel experiences, overall satisfaction, and destination loyalty. Anatolia, 23(3), 328–347. https://doi.org/10.1080/13032917.2012.696272
   Google Scholar
• Kim, J. H. (2018). The impact of memorable tourism experiences on loyalty behaviors: The mediating effects of destination image and satisfaction. Journal of Travel Research, 57(7), 856–870. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287517721369
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, J. H., Ritchie, J. R. B., & McCormick, B. (2012). Development of a scale to measure memorable tourism experiences. Journal of Travel Research, 51(1), 12–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287510385467
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM: A full collinearity assessment approach. International Journal of e-Collaboration, 11(4), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijec.2015100101
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, J., Burroughs, K., Halim, M., Penbrooke, T., Seekamp, E., & Smith, J. (2018). Assessing soundscape preferences and the impact of specific sounds on outdoor recreation activities using qualitative data analysis and immersive virtual environment technology. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 24, 66–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2018.08.001
   Google Scholar
• Liang, S. W., Ekinci, Y., Occhiocupo, N., & Whyatt, G. (2013). Antecedents of travellers’ electronic word-of-mouth communication. Journal of Marketing Management, 29(5/6), 584–606. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2013.771204
   Google Scholar
• Lin, H., Zhang, M., Gursoy, D., & Fu, X. (2019). Impact of tourist-to-tourist interaction on tourism experience: The mediating role of cohesion and intimacy. Annals of Tourism Research, 76, 153–167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.03.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Litvin, S. W., Goldsmith, R. E., & Pan, B. (2008). Electronic word-of-mouth in hospitality and tourism management. Tourism Management, 29(3), 458–468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2007.05.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, A., Wang, X. L., Liu, F., Yao, C., & Deng, Z. (2018). Soundscape and its influence on tourist satisfaction. The Service Industries Journal, 38(3-4), 164–181. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2017.1382479
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, A., Wang, Y., Zimmer, C., Kang, J., & Yu, T. (2019). Factors associated with soundscape experiences in urban green spaces: A case study in Rostock, Germany. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 37, 135–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2017.11.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loureiro, S. M. C., & Ribeiro, L. (2014). Virtual atmosphere: The effect of pleasure, arousal, and delight on word-of-mouth. Journal of Promotion Management, 20(4), 452–469. https://doi.org/10.1080/10496491.2014.930283
   Google Scholar
• Loureiro, S. M. C., & Sarmento, E. M. (2019). Place attachment and tourist engagement of major visitor attractions in Lisbon. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 19(3), 368–381. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358418761211
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loureiro, S. M. C., Stylos, N., & Bellou, V. (2020). Destination atmospheric cues as key influencers of tourists’ word-of-mouth communication: Tourist visitation at two Mediterranean capital cities. Tourism Recreation Research, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2020.1782695
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lv, X., Li, C., & McCabe, S. (2020). Expanding theory of tourists’ destination loyalty: The role of sensory impressions. Tourism Management, 77, 104026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.104026
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malhotra, N. K., & Dash, S. (2011). Marketing research: An applied orientation. Prentice-Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Mantonakis, A., Whittlesea, B., & Yoon, C. (2008). Consumer memory, fluency and familiarity. In C. P. Haugtvedt, P. M. Herr, & F. R. Kardes (Eds.), Handbook of consumer psychology (pp. 77–102). Taylor and Francis.
   Google Scholar
• Masiero, L., & Qiu, R. T. R. (2018). Modeling reference experience in destination choice. Annals of Tourism Research, 72, 58–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2018.06.004
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Min, Z., Jie, Z., Xiao, X., Mengyuan, Q., Youhai, L., Hui, Z., Tz-Hsuan, T., Lin, Z., & Meng, H. (2020). How destination music affects tourists’ behaviors: Travel with music in Lijiang, China. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 25(2), 131–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2019.1683046
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mmopelwa, G., Kgathi, D. L., & Molefhe, L. (2007). Tourists’ perceptions and their willingness to pay for park fees: A case study of self-drive tourists and clients for mobile tour operators in Moremi Game Reserve, Botswana. Tourism Management, 28(4), 1044–1056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2006.08.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montgomery, D. C., Peck, E. A., & Vining, G. G. (2001). Introduction to linear regression analysis (3rd ed.). Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Moscardo, G. (2017). Exploring mindfulness and stories in tourist experiences. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 11(2), 111–124. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-11-2016-0108
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Munar, A. M., & Jacobsen, J. K. S. (2014). Motivations for sharing tourism experiences through social media. Tourism Management, 43, 46–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.01.012
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Musa, G., & Sarker, M. M. (2019). The history and future of mountaineering tourism. In I. Yeoman & U. McMahon-Beattie (Eds.), The future past of tourism: Historical perspectives and future evolutions (pp. 215–228). Channel View Publications Limited.
   Google Scholar
• Mutanga, C. N., Vengesayi, S., Chikuta, O., Muboko, N., & Gandiwa, E. (2017). Travel motivation and tourist satisfaction with wildlife tourism experiences in Gonarezhou and Matusadona National Parks, Zimbabwe. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 20, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2017.08.001
   Google Scholar
• Novelli, M., Barnes, J. I., & Humavindu, M. (2006). The other side of the ecotourism coin: Consumptive tourism in Southern Africa. Journal of Ecotourism, 5(1-2), 62–79. https://doi.org/10.1080/14724040608668447
   Google Scholar
• Olsen, S. O. (2007). Repurchase loyalty: The role of involvement and satisfaction. Psychology & Marketing, 24(4), 315–341. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20163
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Otto, J. E., & Ritchie, J. R. B. (1996). The service experience in tourism. Tourism Management, 17(3), 165–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-5177(96)00003-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan, S., & Ryan, C. (2009). Tourism sense-making: The role of the senses and travel journalism. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 26(7), 625–639. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548400903276897
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patterson, P., Yu, T., & De Ruyter, K. (2006). Understanding customer engagement in services. Proceedings of ANZMAC 2006 Conference. Advancing Theory, Maintaining Relevance (pp. 4–6). Queensland University of Technology.
   Google Scholar
• Pine, B. J., & Gilmore, J. H. (1998). Welcome to the experience economy. Harvard Business Review, 76, 97–105.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pirie, G. (2013). Automobile organizations driving tourism in pre-independence Africa. Journal of Tourism History, 5(1), 73–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182X.2012.758672
   Google Scholar
• Pizam, A., Neumann, Y., & Reichel, A. (1978). Dimentions of tourist satisfaction with a destination area. Annals of Tourism Research, 5(3), 314–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/0160-7383(78)90115-9
   Google Scholar
• Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. M., Lee, J., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pourfakhimi, S., Duncan, T., & Coetzee, W. J. L. (2020). Electronic word of mouth in tourism and hospitality consumer behaviour: State of the art. Tourism Review, 75(4), 637–661. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-01-2019-0019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu, H., Hsu, C., Li, M., & Shu, B. (2018). Self-drive tourism attributes: Influences on satisfaction and behavioural intention. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 23(4), 395–407. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2018.1445117
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu, M., Zhang, J., Zhang, H., & Zheng, C. (2018). Is looking always more important than listening in tourist experience? Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 35(7), 869–881. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2018.1445064
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qiu, M., Zhang, J., & Zheng, C. (2018). Exploring tourists’ soundscape emotion and its impact on sustainable tourism development. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 23(9), 862–879. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2018.1494614
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quan, S., & Wang, N. (2004). Towards a structural model of the tourist experience: An illustration from food experiences in tourism. Tourism Management, 25(3), 297–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(03)00130-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Ringle, C. M., Jaafar, M., & Ramayah, T. (2017). Urban vs. rural destinations: Residents’ perceptions, community participation and support for tourism development. Tourism Management, 60, 147–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.11.019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rather, R. A. (2020). Customer experience and engagement in tourism destinations: The experiential marketing perspective. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 37(1), 15–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2019.1686101
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rather, R. A., Hollebeek, L. D., & Islam, J. U. (2019). Tourism-based customer engagement: The construct, antecedents, and consequences. The Service Industries Journal, 39(7-8), 519–540. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642069.2019.1570154
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J. M. (2015). SmartPLS (Version 3.0). [Computer software]. https://www.smartpls.com/
   Google Scholar
• Rojek, C., & Urry, J. (1997). Touring cultures: Transformations of travel and theory. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Romero, J. (2017). Customer engagement behaviors in hospitality: Customer-based antecedents. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 26(6), 565–584. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2017.1288192
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roy, G., Datta, B., Mukherjee, S., & Basu, R. (2020). Effect of eWOM stimuli and eWOM response on perceived service quality and online recommendation. Tourism Recreation Research, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2020.1809822
   Google Scholar
• Serra-Cantallops, A., Ramon-Cardona, J., & Salvi, F. (2018). The impact of positive emotional experiences on eWOM generation and loyalty. Spanish Journal of Marketing-ESIC, 22(2), 142–162. https://doi.org/10.1108/SJME-03-2018-0009
   Google Scholar
• Skibins, J., Powell, R., & Hallo, J. (2016). Lucky 13: Conservation implications of broadening “Big 5” flagship species recognition in East Africa. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 24(7), 1024–1040. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2015.1101126
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Slocum, S., & Backman, K. (2011). Responsible tourism: An African overland example. Omani Journal Of Applied Sciences (OJAS), 3(1), 26–49.
   Google Scholar
• Smart Insights. (2020). Global social media research summary 2020. https://www.smartinsights.com/social-media-marketing/social-media-strategy/new-global-social-media-research/
   Google Scholar
• So, K. K. F., King, C., & Sparks, B. (2014). Customer engagement with tourism brands: Scale development and validation. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 38(3), 304–329. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348012451456
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• So, K. K. F., King, C., Sparks, B. A., & Wang, Y. (2016). The role of customer engagement in building consumer loyalty to tourism brands. Journal of Travel Research, 55(1), 64–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287514541008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sthapit, E. (2013). Tourists’ perceptions of memorable experience: Testing the Memorable Tourism Scale (MT Es) among tourists to Rovaniemi, Lapland [Unpublished master’s thesis, University of Lapland]. University of Lapdland eTheses repository. https://lauda.ulapland.fi/handle/10024/61343
   Google Scholar
• Sun, M., Ryan, C., & Pan, S. (2015). Using Chinese travel blogs to examine perceived destination image: The case of New Zealand. Journal of Travel Research, 54(4), 543–555. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287514522882
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swanson, S. R., & Hsu, M. K. (2009). Critical incidents in tourism: Failure, recovery, customer switching, and word-of-mouth behaviors. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 26(2), 180–194. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548400902864800
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sykes, D., & Kelly, K. G. (2016). Motorcycle drive tourism leading to rural tourism opportunities. Tourism Economics, 22(3), 543–557. https://doi.org/10.5367/te.2014.0454
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taheri, B., Jafari, A., & O'Gorman, K. (2014). Keeping your audience: Presenting a visitor engagement scale. Tourism Management, 42, 321–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.12.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tan, W. K. (2017). Repeat visitation: A study from the perspective of leisure constraint, tourist experience, destination images, and experiential familiarity. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 6(3), 233–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2016.04.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tapar, A. V., Dhaigude, A. S., & Jawed, M. S. (2017). Customer experience-based satisfaction and behavioural intention in adventure tourism: Exploring the mediating role of commitment. Tourism Recreation Research, 42(3), 344–355. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2017.1303564
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Triantafillidou, A., & Petala, Z. (2016). The role of sea-based adventure experiences in tourists’ satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 33(sup1), 67–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2015.1008667
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Triantafillidou, A., & Siomkos, G. (2014). Extraordinary experience-based segmentation: The case of Greek summer campers. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 23(2), 122–156. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2013.766583
   Google Scholar
• Tsao, W. C., & Hsieh, M. T. (2012). Exploring how relationship quality influences positive eWOM: The importance of customer commitment. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 23(7-8), 821–835. https://doi.org/10.1080/14783363.2012.661137
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tse, D. K., & Wilton, P. C. (1988). Models of consumer satisfaction formation: An extension. Journal of Marketing Research, 25(2), 204–212. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378802500209
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tung, V. W. S., & Ritchie, J. R. B. (2011). Exploring the essence of memorable tourism experiences. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(4), 1367–1386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2011.03.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Urry, J. (1990). The tourist gaze. Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Van Dijck, J. (2006). Record and hold: Popular music between personal and collective memory. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 23(5), 357–374. https://doi.org/10.1080/07393180601046121
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Voss, C., Roth, A. V., & Chase, R. B. (2008). Experience, service operations strategy, and services as destinations: Foundations and exploratory investigation. Production and Operations Management, 17(3), 247–266. https://doi.org/10.3401/poms.1080.0030
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watts, G. R., & Pheasant, R. J. (2015). Tranquillity in the Scottish Highlands and Dartmoor National Park – The importance of soundscapes and emotional factors. Applied Acoustics, 89, 297–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2014.10.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, S., Chambers, D., & Johnson, J. (2019). VW campervan tourists’ embodied sonic experiences. Annals of Tourism Research, 76, 14–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.02.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood, E. H., & Kinnunen, M. (2020). Emotion, memory and re-collective value: Shared festival experiences. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 32(3), 1275–1298. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-05-2019-0488
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, M. -Y. (2015). Driving an unfamiliar vehicle in an unfamiliar country: Exploring Chinese recreational vehicle tourists' safety concerns and coping techniques in Australia. Journal of Travel Research, 54(6), 801–813. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287514532364
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, M. Y., & Pearce, P. L. (2016). Tourism blogging motivations: Why do Chinese tourists create little “lonely planets”? Journal of Travel Research, 55(4), 537–549. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287514553057
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, F. X. (2017). Effects of restaurant satisfaction and knowledge sharing motivation on eWOM intentions: The moderating role of technology acceptance factors. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 41(1), 93–127. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348013515918
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yen, C., & Tang, C. (2019). The effects of hotel attribute performance on electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM) behaviors. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 76(A), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.03.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yüksel, A., & Yüksel, F. (2001). The expectancy-disconfirmation paradigm: A critique. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 25(2), 107–131. https://doi.org/10.1177/109634800102500201
   Google Scholar
• Zhong, Y. Y. S., Busser, J., & Baloglu, S. (2017). A model of memorable tourism experience: The effects on satisfaction, affective commitment, and storytelling. Tourism Analysis, 22(2), 201–217. https://doi.org/10.3727/108354217X14888192562366
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar