Potential yield losses caused by barley leaf rust and oat leaf and stem rust to South African barley and oat cultivars

References

• Alemayehu , F. and Parlevliet , J. E. 1996 . Variation for resistance to Puccinia hordei in Ethiopian barley landraces . Euphytica , 90 : 365 – 370 .
   Google Scholar
• Borovkova , I. G. , Jin , Y. , Steffenson , B. J. , Kilian , A. , Blake , T. K. and Kleinhofs , A. 1997 . Identification and mapping of a leaf rust resistance gene in barley line Q21861 . Genome , 40 : 236 – 241 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bush , A. L. , Wise , R. P. , Rayapati , P. J. and Lee , M. 1994 . Restriction fragment length polymorphisms linked to genes for resistance to crown rust (Puccinia coronata) in near-isogenic lines of hexaploid oat (Avena sativa) . Genome , 37 : 823 – 831 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Campbell , C. L. and Madden , L. V. 1990 . Introduction to plant disease epidemiology. 532 New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Clifford , B. C. 1985 . “ Barley leaf rust. Pages 173–205 in: ” . In The Cereal Rusts. Vol. Edited by: Roelfs , A. P. and Bushnell , W. R. Vol. 2 , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Cotterill , P. J. , Rees , R. G. and Platz , G. J. 1994 . Response of Australian barley cultivars to leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) . Aus. J. Exp. Agric. , 34 : 783 – 788 .
   Google Scholar
• Cromey , M. G. and Viljanen-Rollinson , S. L.H. 1995 . Virulence of Puccinia hordei on barley in New Zealand from 1990–1993 . New Zea. J. Crop Hort. Sci. , 23 : 115 – 119 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Engelbrecht , W. 1999 . Report presented at SANSOR (South African National Seed Organisation) meeting 12–14 May 1999.
   Google Scholar
• Fleischmann , G. and Mckenzie , R. I.H. 1965 . Yield losses in Garry oats infected with crown rust . Phytopathology , 55 : 767 – 770 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gregory , J. W. and Wise , R. P. 1994 . Linkage of genes conferring specific resistance to oat crown rust in diploid . Avena. Genome , 37 : 92 – 96 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Griffey , C. A. , Das , M. K. , Baldwin , R. E. and Walden-Maier , C. M. 1994 . Yield losses in winter barley resulting from new races of Puccinia hordei in North America . Plant Dis. , 78 : 256 – 260 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jenkins , J. E.E. , Melville , S. C. and Jemmett , J. L. 1972 . The effect of fungicides on leaf diseases and on yield in spring barley in south-west England . Plant Pathol. , 21 : 49 – 58 .
   Google Scholar
• King , J. E. and Polley , R. W. 1976 . Observations on the epidemiology and effect on grain yield of brown rust in spring barley . Plant Pathol. , 25 : 63 – 73 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuck , K. H. , Scheinpflug , H. and Pontzen , R. 1995 . “ DMI fungicides ” . In Modern selective fungicides: properties, applications, mechanisms of action. 2 nd ed. H. Lyr ed. Gustav Fischer, New York. 205 – 258 . Pages 595
   Google Scholar
• Lim , L. G. and Gaunt , R. E. 1986 . The effect of powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp., hordei) and leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) on spring barley in New Zealand. I. Epidemic development, green leaf area and yield . Plant Pathol. , 35 : 44 – 53 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martens , J. W. 1985 . “ Oat stem rust. Pages 103–129 in: ” . In The Cereal Rusts Edited by: Roelfs , A. P. and Bushnell , W. R. Vol. 2 , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Melville , S. C. , Griffin , G. W. and Jemmett , J. L. 1976 . Effects of fungicide spraying on brown rust and yield in spring barley . Plant Pathol. , 25 : 99 – 107 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roelfs , A. P. , Singh , R. P. and Saari , E. E. 1992 . Rust Diseases of Wheat: Concepts and methods of disease management. Mexico : D.F. . CIMMYT
   Google Scholar
• Sebesta , J. , Zwartz , B. , Roderick , H. W. , Harder , D. E. , Corazza , L. and Stojanovic , S. 1998 . Incidence of oat stem rust and virulence of Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. avenae Erikss. et Henn. on oat and the effectiveness of resistance in Europe during 1988 to 1996 . Arc. Phyto. Plant Prot. , 31 : 393 – 413 .
   Google Scholar
• Simons , M. D. 1985 . “ Crown rust. Pages 131–172 in: ” . In The Cereal Rusts Edited by: Roelfs , A. P. and Bushnell , W. R. Vol. 2 , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Singleton , L. L. , Moore , M. B. , Wilcoxson , R. D. and Kernkamp , M. F. 1982 . Evaluation of oat crown rust parameters and yield in moderately resistant cultivars . Phytopathology , 72 : 538 – 540 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stubbs , R. W. , Prescott , J. M. , Saari , E. E. and Dubin , H. I. 1986 . Cereal Disease Methodology Manual. Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo (CIMMYT), Mexico.
   Google Scholar
• Udeogalanya , A. C.C. and Clifford , B. C. 1982 . Control of barley brown rust Puccinia hordei Otth, by benodanil and oxycarboxin in the field and the effects on yield . Crop Prot. , 1 : 299 – 308 .
   Google Scholar
• Zadoks , I. C. , Chang , T. T. and Konzak , C. F. 1974 . A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals . Weed Res. , 14 : 415 – 421 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar